This study investigated the effectiveness of an emotional intervention programme designed to improve the level of emotional literacy in a sample of preschool children. Thirty-five participants from two different preschools in Alexandra Township participated in the study, where one school operated as the experimental group and one as the control group. All participants completed the pretesting of the DANVA2 that measured salient components of emotional literacy. Two teachers from the experimental group attended a six-week Ububele-Persona Doll training programme at Ububele Psychotherapy Resource Centre and Educational Trust (Ububele). After using the Ububele-Persona Dolls in the classroom once a week for twelve weeks, all the participants completed the post-testing of the DANVA2. The programme was shown to significantly affect the level of emotional literacy of those children exposed to the intervention. At the conclusion of the research project, teachers from the control group were provided with free Ububele-Persona Doll training.

The aim of this study was to explore the emotional labour of domestic violence shelter workers. A qualitative approach was used and four professionals were interviewed. The interviewees described that they were expected to provide different types of services which include empowering their clients so that they can survive independently after leaving the shelter. The findings showed that the shelter workers hide or suppress different types of emotions, especially when they are frustrated or emotionally affected by the client's situation. According to the workers, they experienced stress as a consequence of the emotional labour, and they expressed that working in the field of domestic violence had made it difficult for them to trust men. Making a difference in the lives of the clients was described as a source of motivation and help them to cope with the negative aspects of the shelter work. Even though the findings cannot be generalised, the study provides comprehensive information about how emotional labour in this particular context can be perceived. The shelter workers described that the levels of satisfaction they get from helping clients resolve their problems were more significant than the negative consequences of emotional labour.

No description available.

Esta pesquisa emergiu de vivências práticas que geraram questionamentos a respeito da possibilidade que profissionais de enfermagem têm de conciliar cuidados de dimensões diversas. A história da enfermagem registra uma concentração em atividades tecnicistas, porém, acredita-se que o cuidado é uma atividade profissional complexa e ampliada envolvendo conciliações técnicas e subjetivas, entendido neste trabalho como cuidado continuum. Optou-se por uma pesquisa qualitativa, utilizando a técnica de grupo focal com o objetivo de descrever e analisar como os auxiliares de enfermagem enfrentam os aspectos emocionais das pessoas hospitalizadas, sendo o local de estudo o Hospital Abreu Sodré, no município de São Paulo. A análise de conteúdo, método utilizado para descrever os resultados, evidenciou uma dificuldade neste cuidado. Os relatos destacam a compreensão e a necessidade do cuidado ampliado, porém, fatores sociais, econômicos e pessoais que envolvem estes profissionais, quase o tornam inatingível. Estes fatores estão relacionados às exigências do mercado de trabalho, à necessidade de cumprir protocolos em um curto espaço de tempo, reforçando certa característica robotizada do cuidador. Os sujeitos da pesquisa consideraram o número reduzido de profissionais; excesso de tarefas; falta de tempo; baixos salários; dificuldade de manejo com a questão subjetiva; estresse físico e mental e outros como fatores impeditivos para a efetivação do cuidado continuum. O indicativo resultante da pesquisa é a criação de serviços de apoio, onde os profissionais de enfermagem poderão verbalizar seus sentimentos e “se sentirem mais leves", viabilizando uma outra modalidade de cuidado às pessoas hospitalizadas e seus acompanhantes / This research has come from practical living which generated questions about the possibility nursing professionals have to conciliate caring in many dimensions. Nursing history registers a concentration in technical activities; however, caring is believed to be a complex and enlarged professional activity involving technical and subjective conciliations, understood in this paper as continuum care. It was opted for a qualitative research, using the focus group technique under the objective of describing and analyzing how the nursing assistants face the hospitalized people emotional aspects and this study takes place in Abreu Sodré Hospital, in São Paulo. The contents analysis, method used to describe the results, has shown a difficulty in this caring. Reports show up comprehension and necessity of enlarged caring, however, social, economical and personal facts which involve these professionals, make it almost impossible to be reached. These factors are related to the working market and the necessity of caring out protocols in shortened time, reinforcing a kind of robotized characteristic to the person in charge of caring. The participants of the research have considered the shortened number of professional; excess of tasks; lack of time; low wages; difficulties on handling the subjective matters; physical and mental stress and others as inhibitive factors to put continuum care into effect. The research indicative resultant is the creation of supporting services, where nursing professionals can verbalize their feelings and “feel lighter", making another caring modality available to the hospitalized people and their chaperones

Alterações significativas são introduzidas no ciclo de vida familiar quando emerge a condição especial de uma doença crônica em um dos membros da família. Um fator importante a ser considerado é o enfrentamento familiar diante do adoecimento de uma criança, especialmente de mães mediante uma condição peculiar do filho. O objetivo da presente pesquisa foi investigar a sobrecarga emocional (estresse e depressão) em mães de crianças com autismo, verificar a relação dessa sobrecarga com a avaliação da qualidade de vida e conhecer as principais dificuldades decorrentes da demanda de cuidados com o filho e os modos de enfrentamento. As participantes da pesquisa foram 20 mães de crianças com autismo, vinculadas a duas instituições de atendimento. No encontro com cada participante foi realizada uma entrevista com roteiro semi-estruturado e aplicação assistida dos instrumentos de avaliação padronizados: Inventário de Sintomas de Stress para Adultos de Lipp (ISSL), Escala de Modos de Enfrentamento de Problemas (EMEP), Inventário Beck de Depressão e Escala de Qualidade de Vida (WHOQOL-Bref), complementados por um questionário de identificação do perfil sociodemográfico e cultural. As entrevistas foram realizadas nas dependências da instituição e/ou na casa da participante e a aplicação dos instrumentos foi iniciada mediante a leitura e assinatura do Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido. As entrevistas foram gravadas em áudio, posteriormente transcritas e submetidas à análise de conteúdo temática. Para a verificação estatística das relações existentes entre as variáveis do estudo foi utilizada correlação não-paramétrica. Os resultados indicaram que, em média, a idade das entrevistadas foi 40 anos e dos filhos 11 anos, as famílias envolvidas no estudo tinham baixa renda e se constituíam de dois ou três filhos. Enquanto 25% das mães completaram o ensino superior, outros 25% não completaram o ensino fundamental. Apenas duas participantes passam algum dos períodos fora de casa por motivo de trabalho remunerado e contam com o auxílio de uma funcionária para o cuidado com a criança autista. Os resultados obtidos nas avaliações indicam que 65% das mães apresentaram estresse. Com relação aos sintomas depressivos, uma participante apresentou disforia e duas mães apresentaram depressão. A análise do enfrentamento permitiu verificar que 45% das participantes utilizaram estratégias predominantemente focalizadas em práticas de cultos religiosos e pensamento fantasioso e 35% das mães utilizaram estratégias focalizadas no problema. O aspecto melhor pontuado referente à qualidade de vida foi o domínio físico, ao passo que o domínio meio ambiente foi o menos pontuado. Considerando as inúmeras possibilidades de reflexão, a análise da entrevista semi-estruturada permitiu a discussão de alguns temas: a trajetória da família na busca de compreender o problema da criança, constituindo um movimento de peregrinação por hospitais e profissionais de saúde; o luto enfrentado pela família e as dificuldades de lidar com a condição da criança; as mudanças na dinâmica familiar e a sobrecarga emocional materna que culminou num processo de racionalização do sofrimento; o desamparo sentido pelos pais no que se refere às perspectivas futuras de cuidado com o filho. / Significant changes are made in a family’s life cycle when one of the family members acquires the special condition of a chronic illness. One important factor to be taken into consideration is how the family faces a child’s sickening, especially how mothers face their child’s special condition. This study aimed to examine the emotional overload (stress and depression) on the mothers of children with autism, to verify how this overload relates to the quality of life evaluation and to get to know the main difficulties that result from the child’s care demands and coping modes. Research participants were 20 mothers of children with autism, who attended two care institutions. During meetings with each participant, a semi-structured interview was held and the following standardized evaluation instruments were applied: Lipp’s Stress Symptoms Inventory for Adults (LSSI), Problem Coping Modes Scale (EMEP), Beck Depression Inventory and the Quality of Life Scale (WHOQOL-Bref), complemented by a questionnaire to identify the participants’ sociodemographic and cultural profile. Interviews were accomplished at the institution and/or at the participant’s house. The application of the instruments started by reading and signing the Consent Terms. Interviews were audio-taped, transcribed and submitted to thematic content analysis. Nonparametric correlation was used to statistically verify the existing relations between the study variables. The results indicated an average age of 40 years for the interviewees and 11 for the children, families had low income and had two or three children. While 25% of the mothers had finished higher education, another 25% had not finished basic education. Only two participants spent part of the day outside their homes due to paid work and mentioned help from an employee to take care of the autistic child. Evaluation results indicated that 65% of the mothers displayed stress. With respect to depressive symptoms, one participant presented dysphoria and two mothers demonstrated depression. The coping analysis revealed that 45% of the participants used strategies that mainly focused on religious practices and fantastic thoughts, while 35% of the mothers used problem-focused strategies. What quality of life is concerned, the physical domain received the highest grade and the environment domain the lowest. Considering the innumerable possibilities of reflection, analysis of the semistructured interview permitted the discussion about some themes: the family trajectory in the attempt to understand the child’s problem, constituting a pilgrimage movement through hospitals and health professionals; the mourning faced by the family and the difficulties to deal with the child’s condition; the changes in family dynamics and the emotional overload of mother which culminated in the rationalization process of suffering; the helplessness parents feel with respect to the future perspectives of care for the child.

Thesis advisor: Vincent Cho / The Role of Leadership in Social-Emotional Learning Implementation: Making Sense of Social-Emotional Learning Initiatives by Sarah J. Hardy Dr. Vincent Cho, Chair, Dr. Elida Laski, Reader, Dr. Ingrid Allardi, Reader Social-emotional learning (SEL) is an essential component of every student’s education. District leaders play an important role in the development and implementation of SEL programs in schools. This qualitative case study explored the strategies used by district leaders in supporting sensemaking of SEL initiatives as they were implemented. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with district and school leaders, focus group interviews with teachers, and a document review. Findings revealed district leaders employed strategies in the broad areas of setting direction, developing people, and redesigning the organization (Leithwood et al., 2004). However, there was no district-wide, unified vision for SEL programming, and the majority of SEL reform was advanced by principals. SEL interactions mostly occurred between principals and teachers, and between members of the teaching staff. SEL interactions were focused on essential principles of SEL initiatives, procedural information about SEL implementation, and crisis-driven support for individual students. Some interactions supported sensemaking. One recommendation of this study is to set a district-wide vision for SEL learning to align practices and provide a framework for principal autonomy. This study also recommends establishing structures that support collaboration in order to promote sensemaking through SEL interactions. / Thesis (EdD) — Boston College, 2018. / Submitted to: Boston College. Lynch School of Education. / Discipline: Educational Leadership and Higher Education.

Thesis advisor: Elizabeth A. Twomey / As the documented number of students demonstrating significant emotional and behavioral challenges continues to increase, teachers often encounter difficulties in meeting the needs of these students in their classrooms. With Individuals with Disabilities Education Act 2004 (IDEA) mandates requiring the Least Restrictive Environment (LRE), schools are challenged to include these students in the regular education classroom while ensuring a safe learning environment for students and staff. This qualitative case study focused on affecting teacher attitude toward the inclusion of students with emotional and behavioral disorders in a suburban elementary school. The initiative incorporated a professional development series as well as the implementation of administrative, organizational and cultural supports aimed at building teacher capacity. As part of this study, the principal analyzed how school culture changed as the school sought to become more inclusive. The researcher, who was also the principal of the school, studied the attitudes and experiences of ten teachers who volunteered to be a part of this project. Data were collected and triangulated through interviews, journal entries, questionnaires, observations, field notes, a survey, and document analysis. The findings of this study indicate that efforts to affect teacher attitude must be comprehensive. Relying only on professional development opportunities does not necessarily ensure that teachers will generalize their newly acquired skills back to the classroom. Teachers require collaboration opportunities with special educators embedded within their school day. They also need the administrative, organizational, and cultural supports that sustain successful inclusion. These supports include: active modeling and assistance from the principal, accessibility to assistants, supportive scheduling, implementation of common language regarding behavior, and the identification of core values which affirm a commitment to inclusion. Implications for practice include the importance of: fostering communication and collaboration between and among special and regular educators, promoting professional development opportunities based on current adult learning theories, and utilizing journals to help teachers think more deeply about their interactions with students as well as their teaching practices. Limitations of this study include the researcher's role as school principal and participant, small sample size, and relatively short study duration. / Thesis (EdD) — Boston College, 2009. / Submitted to: Boston College. Lynch School of Education. / Discipline: Educational Administration and Higher Education.

Thesis advisor: Vincent Cho / One mechanism for supporting teachers during the implementation of school and district reform is the provision of professional development. By offering meaningful professional development opportunities, leaders can influence teacher efficacy, thus potentially improving teacher practices. As social-emotional learning (SEL) becomes more prevalent in public schools, it is incumbent upon district and school leaders to understand how professional development opportunities can support teachers during SEL implementation. This qualitative study explores one district’s approach for professional development in the area of SEL, with the goal of understanding how professional development may influence teacher efficacy. Data were gathered through semi-structured interviews, focus group interviews, and a document review. Findings revealed a variety of professional development activities occurred during SEL implementation. However, district and school leaders, as well as teachers reported their dissatisfaction with these professional development offerings. Without the presence of satisfactory SEL-related professional development, teachers could not relate the influence of the professional development to their efficacy. Teachers described their most meaningful professional development experiences as those including the opportunity to collaborate with each other. Therefore, one recommendation of this study is to increase the amount of collaborative opportunities provided to teachers. In addition, leaders can promote the use of SEL practices through professional development experiences that introduce techniques directly related to teachers’ classrooms and context. This type of professional development also has the potential to increase teacher efficacy. / Thesis (EdD) — Boston College, 2018. / Submitted to: Boston College. Lynch School of Education. / Discipline: Educational Leadership and Higher Education.

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo compreender a vivência de luto em adultos pela perda de suas mães na infância e como pode ser ressignificada em outras fases da vida. A morte de um ente querido leva a processos de luto dolorosos e, no caso de crianças que perdem uma figura parental, este sofrimento pode se agravar pelo fato de serem ainda dependentes física e emocionalmente de seus pais. Assim, buscou-se compreender, a partir do relato de adultos, a experiência vivida na infância e a possibilidade de ressignificações na história de vida de cada indivíduo. Trata-se de pesquisa qualitativa, com inspiração em aspectos da Abordagem Centrada na Pessoa, teoria desenvolvida por Carl Rogers. Foram realizadas entrevistas abertas, que partiram da pergunta: como foi ter vivido a perda de sua mãe? e foram acompanhadas de acordo com o que os colaboradores consideravam relevante. Participaram deste estudo seis adultos, 3 homens e 3 mulheres, com idades entre 32 e 61 anos, que perderam a mãe por morte quando tinham entre 5 e 12 anos de idade. Os colaboradores foram localizados pela divulgação do trabalho entre pessoas conhecidas e escolheram participar voluntariamente. Na análise compreensiva das narrativas foram destacados os trechos mais representativos e apresentados por categorias temáticas, as quais foram surgindo e se estruturando a partir dos relatos, não tendo sido estabelecidas a priori. A análise mostrou que: 1) É preciso compreender a vivência de perda da mãe no início da vida como processo dinâmico, havendo inúmeras variáveis envolvidas em cada história individual, não se podendo determinar ou prever como a criança que perdeu a mãe será quando adulta; 2) Mostrou-se importante lidar com a experiência da perda e com a dor para poder ressignificá-las, enxergando-as de maneiras diferentes, e assim integrá-las à vida, diminuindo o medo de sentimentos negativos do passado retornarem; 3) Foi possível perceber que o comportamento de permanecer vinculado à mãe ajudou os participantes a lidar com a ausência desta e a redefinir este relacionamento, integrandoo em suas vidas, não da mesma forma como era quando estava viva, mas ainda como figura importante e significativa em suas histórias. Tendo como base estes três aspectos observados, foram apresentadas orientações a profissionais de saúde, familiares e pessoas que estão próximos a crianças e adultos que perderam suas mães em idade precoce. Este trabalho pode contribuir com reflexões no sentido de minimizar o estigma social em relação a crianças e adultos que perderam suas mães de maneira prematura. E, ainda, incentivar esforços para auxiliar pessoas enlutadas em direção a maior comunicação e expressão de sentimentos relacionados à perda por morte, acreditando que um acolhimento adequado pode ajudar a lidar com essa dor e crescer por meio dela. / The present work aims at comprehending the mourning in adults who have lost their mothers during childhood and how this experience can be resignified in other life stages. The loved persons death leads to a painful mourning and, in the case of children who have lost a parent, this suffering might get worse because they are still physically and emotionally dependent on their parents. Thus, it was intended to comprehend, from adult narrative, the loss experience in the childhood and the possibility of resignification in each individual life. We used the qualitative approach with inspiration in some aspects of the Approach Centered in the Person, theory developed by Carl Rogers. The interviews had a non-directive approach and were started with the question: how did you experience your mother loss? and were conducted taking in account what the participants considered as relevant issues. Six adults participated, three men and three women, ranging from 32 to 61 years of age, whose mothers died when they were between 5 and 12 years old. The collaborators were people who had knowledge about the study through divulgation and voluntarily wished to cooperate with the research. In the narrative comprehensive analysis, outstanding issues were categorized considering thematic points, which have stood out from the speeches since they were not previously established. The analysis showed that: 1) Mother loss in the beginning of life must be understood as a dynamic process, considering that there are many factors involved in each individual life. Therefore it is not possible to determine or foresee how the child who has lost his mother will be as an adult; 2) It was shown that it is important to face the loss and grief, in order to resignify and to perceive them by different forms, and consequently be able to integrate them to the life, reducing the fear of past negative feelings; 3) It was realized that the behavior of been kept attached to their mothers aids the participants to deal with such absence and to redefine this relationship, integrating it in their life. Although it is not just same way when their mothers were alive, it keeps meaningful and important figure in their own histories. Based on these three considerations, orientations were presented to health professionals, relatives and people who are near of bereaved children and adults who suffered from mothers loss at an early ages. This study can contribute with the reflection on a way to soften the social stigma of children and adults who have lost their mother prematurely. Moreover, it can encourage the assistance to bereaved people toward a larger communication and expression of the loss feelings, considering that an adequate care can help to deal with grief and can help to grow through this situation.

The purpose of this current study is to evaluate if there is a relation between Emotional Intelligence, Perceive Stress and Coping Skills in a sample of Mexican employees in a medium size international organization (n =102). The questionnaires used were a compendium of three different instruments; including: 33-item Self-report measure of Emotional Intelligence, four COPE Inventory’ subscales and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS- 14). After analyzing the gathered data, Multiple Regression was applied. Significant correlations in the expected direction were found, indicating that Emotional Intelligence can be useful as a coping skill towards perceive stress.