This study investigated the relationship between children's perception of parents as loving or rejecting and the general emotional adjustment of these children. Emotional adjustment was reflected by behavior within a regular classroom as observed by the teacher and by performance on a projective personality test.

Introduction. This study produced and evaluated a mass media campaign designed to promote emotional adjustment to divorce. Hypotheses. (a) Sending a promotional newsletter to divorced persons will increase their reported utilization of the campaign. (b) Divorced persons who report heavy utilization of the campaign will report greater emotional improvement than divorced persons who report light or no utilization of the campaign. Method. A field experiment was conducted in rural northern Utah. The names of all recently (less than 12 months) divorced persons were obtained from the county clerk and randomly divided into an experimental group, who received a newsletter promoting the media campaign, and a control group. The five-week media campaign included 10 radio shows, 16 newspaper articles, and 29 television shows. After the campaign, 101 subjects were interviewed regarding their media use. They also completed a posttest and retrospective pretest of anxiety, depression, hostility (measured by the Symptom Check List 90-R), and attachment. Results. The campaign was reportedly used by 77.2% of the subjects. Hypothesis 1 was weakly supported. Subjects who received the newsletter reported using statistically significantly more media events (X = 4.95) than subjects who did not receive the newsletter (X = 3.12). However, the percentage of variance in media use associated with newsletter receipt was only 3.2%. Hypothesis 2 was partially supported. Heavy campaign users (3+ events) reported statistically significantly greater improvements in anxiety, depression, and hostility (but not attachment) than light users (0-2 events). The percentage of variance in emotional improvements associated with media use ranged from 1 to 5%. Those who reportedly spent time with significant others after the divorce reported significantly greater emotional improvements than those who did not spend time with others. The highest degree of reported emotional improvement was reported by those who reported both heavy media use and time spent with significant others, while the lowest degree of emotional improvement was reported by subjects who reported little or no media use and no time spent with confidants.

No description available.

No description available.

The purpose of this study was to examine the adjustment experiences of African American graduates of historically Black colleges or universities (HBCUs) attending graduate school at a Southern predominantly White university (PWU). A discussion of narratives and themes across participants provided information about the adjustment experiences of African American graduate students who transitioned from a university community where the student population was predominantly African American to one where African American students were the minority. This information can be utilized by both PWUs and HBCUs to develop resources that address issues related to adjustment for African American graduate students. This study was phenomenological by design and focused on analyzing the adjustment experiences of 11 female African American graduate students attending a Southern PWU. Participants were between the ages of 22-28, graduated from 10 different HBCUs across 8 states, represented 8 different graduate majors and had been in graduate school an average of 3.5 semesters. Research methodology included participant interviews, demographic questionnaires and investigator field notes. Collected data were analyzed using a coding iteration strategy. Descriptions of participant experiences were documented and ten prominent themes emerged from the data: support systems, negative emotionality, distrust, academic frustration, lack of African American presence, non-cohesive African American community, racial microaggressions, prior acquaintances and resilience. / Ph. D.

The current literature highlights the significant role of psychological factors including cognitive (pain related thoughts and beliefs) and acceptance components (pain willingness, activity engagement, psychological inflexibility) in the management of chronic pain. The research is however in the preliminary stages in terms of investigating the specific relationships that exist between these psychological processes in their ability to predict adjustment to pain. This study aims to extend the current findings by investigating the relationships between several cognitive and acceptance components in their ability to predict emotional and physical adjustment in the context of chronic pain. The hypotheses that cognitive and acceptance components mediate the relationship between pain severity and pain adjustment, and also that acceptance mediates the relationship between cognitive components and pain adjustment will be tested. Method The study employed a cross-sectional survey-based design, including 214 chronic pain patients recruited from an NHS pain clinic. Participants completed a series of self-report questionnaires measuring pain severity, fear of movement beliefs, pain self-efficacy beliefs, pain catstrophising, acceptance and psychological flexibility, pain disability, and depression and anxiety. Structural Equation Modeling was used in order to conduct path analyses, investigating the complex relationships between these variables in predicting physical and emotional adjustment to chronic pain. Results The results from a Confirmatory Factor Analysis indicated that a three factor model comprising pain, cognitive and acceptance components as separate latent variables had a poor fit and therefore could not be used in further analysis. The results of path analyses showed that pain self-efficacy was the only variable to have a strong mediating influence between pain and physical adjustment. Findings also supported a nested path model demonstrating that acceptance, catastrophising and self-efficacy were mediators between pain and emotional adjustment, and that acceptance was also a mediator for pain catastrophising and a partial mediator for pain self-efficacy in their relationship with emotional adjustment. Conclusions The importance of pain self-efficacy specifically in predicting physical adjustment to pain is highlighted. A more complex model however is required to explain emotional adjustment, with acceptance playing a more prominent role in comparison with other variables. The findings also provide support for both Cognitive and Acceptance-based interventions in improving adjustment to living with chronic pain. Given the preliminary nature of these findings, further research employing similar statistical methods are required to provide further support.

La quasi-totalité des expériences émotionnelles font l’objet d’un partage social, qui se met en place rapidement après leur survenue et se fait majoritairement à destination des proches. Si, indépendamment de leurs caractéristiques (âge, sexe, culture,...) et de celles de l’événement en question (valence émotionnelle, type d’émotion,…), les individus sont si enclins à parler de leurs émotions à autrui, ce serait notamment parce que cela peut les aider à gérer leurs états émotionnels. Verbaliser ses émotions permettrait en effet à l’individu de mobiliser son entourage lorsqu’il est sous le coup de l’émotion et peu en état de gérer seul son état émotionnel. Cette mobilisation de l’entourage social permettrait de combler à la fois les besoins socio-affectifs et les besoins cognitifs suscités par l’émotion, via la mise en place de stratégies intrapersonnelles et interpersonnelles de régulation émotionnelle. Qu’il s’agisse de stresseurs de la vie quotidienne ou de stresseurs de forte intensité et négatifs comme dans le cadre de la pathologie cancéreuse, lorsque les individus parlent de leurs expériences émotionnelles, ce serait notamment parce qu’ils éprouvent des difficultés à les gérer et cherchent auprès d’autrui une aide pour les réguler. Parler de ses émotions ne serait toutefois pas bénéfique pour tous dans la même mesure. L’efficacité de ces stratégies serait notamment déterminée par le style d’attachement et les attentes qui lui sont liées quant à la façon dont autrui peut nous aider à gérer nos états émotionnels. La contribution du partage social des émotions dans la régulation émotionnelle est donc au centre de cette thèse, et a été abordée au moyen de trois études. La première étude a permis de mieux cerner le rôle de la verbalisation émotionnelle dans la gestion des expériences émotionnelles à travers la création d’une échelle d’évaluation des motifs allégués de partage social (Article 1). Cet outil, qui permet d’identifier les stratégies intrapersonnelles et interpersonnelles instaurées via le partage social, a été utilisé dans une seconde étude, visant à tester l’hypothèse selon laquelle les patients atteints de cancer partagent socialement leurs états émotionnels dans le but de mettre en place des stratégies de gestion des émotions, qui contribueraient à pallier leurs difficultés de régulation émotionnelle et favoriseraient à terme leur ajustement à la maladie (Article 2). Enfin, l’objectif de la dernière étude était de déterminer si les stratégies initiées via le partage social médiatisent le lien entre le style d’attachement et les difficultés de régulation émotionnelle (Article 3). Nos résultats sont discutés, et des pistes de recherches ainsi que des pistes d’application dans le domaine de la santé sont proposées. / Nearly all emotional experiences are socially shared, rapidly after their occurrence and mainly with close relatives. If, whatever their characteristics (age, gender, culture,…) and those of the event (emotional valence, type of emotion,…), individuals are so prone to talk about their emotions with the others, it would particularly be because it can help them to manage their emotional states. Verbalizing one’s emotions would indeed permit the subject to catch his/her relatives’ interest when he/she is under the impact of the emotion and hardly able to manage his/her emotional state alone. This mobilization of the close circle would permit to fit not only the socio-affective needs but also the cognitive needs the emotion gives rise to, through the initiation of intrapersonal and interpersonal emotion regulation strategies. May it concern current life stressors or high intensity and negative stressors, as it is the case in cancer, when the individuals talk about their emotional experiences, it would notably be because they have difficulties in managing them and as a consequence seek help to the others in order to regulate these experiences. However, talking about one’s emotions would not be beneficial for everybody in the same way. The efficacy of those strategies would notably be determined by the attachment style and the expectancies it creates about the way the others can help us to manage our emotions. So, the contribution of the social sharing of emotions in the emotion regulation is at the heart of this thesis, and was investigated by three studies. The first study has permit to better understand the role of the emotional verbalization in the emotion regulation by creating an evaluation scale of the alleged motives for social sharing (Article 1). This scale, which permits to identify the intrapersonal and interpersonal emotion regulation strategies initiated through the social sharing, was used in a second study, whose goal was to test the hypothesis that the cancer patients socially share their emotional states in order to initiate emotion regulation strategies, which would contribute to diminish their difficulties in emotion regulation and, as a consequence, to ameliorate the way they face the disease (Article 2). Finally, the last study aimed at determining if the emotion regulation strategies initiated via the social sharing mediate the link between attachment style and difficulties in emotion regulation (Article 3). Our results are discussed and research perspectives and clinical applications are proposed.

<p>Stroke innebär ofta fysiska, kognitiva och beteendemässiga funktionsnedsättningar som påverkar både den drabbade och dennes familj. Tonåringar, speciellt flickor, anses ha störst risk att utveckla emotionella problem när föräldern blivit sjuk. Förälderns stöd till barnet är väsentligt men även sjukvårdspersonalens. I denna studie undersöktes hur barn uppmärksammas till strokedrabbade föräldrar samt vilket stöd som erbjuds. Fem överläkare och fem sjuksköterskor på en neurologisk rehabiliteringsklinik i Mellansverige intervjuades. Materialet analyserades induktivt genom meningskoncentrering. Det framkom att stödet som ges är situationsberoende, inget strukturerat stöd för barn finns och generellt ses anhöriga som resurser. Ett bra anhörigbemötande ska erbjudas men barnomhändertagandet borde bli bättre. Ökade kunskaper efterfrågades för att kunna stödja barn i kris. En mer familjecentrerad sjukvård behövs för att man ska kunna uppmärksamma barns behov vid förälderns sjukdom.</p>

Stroke innebär ofta fysiska, kognitiva och beteendemässiga funktionsnedsättningar som påverkar både den drabbade och dennes familj. Tonåringar, speciellt flickor, anses ha störst risk att utveckla emotionella problem när föräldern blivit sjuk. Förälderns stöd till barnet är väsentligt men även sjukvårdspersonalens. I denna studie undersöktes hur barn uppmärksammas till strokedrabbade föräldrar samt vilket stöd som erbjuds. Fem överläkare och fem sjuksköterskor på en neurologisk rehabiliteringsklinik i Mellansverige intervjuades. Materialet analyserades induktivt genom meningskoncentrering. Det framkom att stödet som ges är situationsberoende, inget strukturerat stöd för barn finns och generellt ses anhöriga som resurser. Ett bra anhörigbemötande ska erbjudas men barnomhändertagandet borde bli bättre. Ökade kunskaper efterfrågades för att kunna stödja barn i kris. En mer familjecentrerad sjukvård behövs för att man ska kunna uppmärksamma barns behov vid förälderns sjukdom.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 1999. / Typescript. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 60-65). Also available on the Internet.