A necessidade de ampliar a formação dos alunos de Engenharia visando também desenvolver novas competências não técnicas tem sido anunciada de forma enfática por vários segmentos da sociedade, como entidades de classe, órgãos governamentais, educadores, pesquisadores e pelos próprios egressos quando se deparam com o mercado de trabalho. Essa, contudo, não é uma missão trivial para as escolas de Engenharia basta comparar volume de declarações e apelos sobre a importância dessa missão com o volume de ações institucionais efetivas. Trata-se, na verdade, de um grande desafio que implica mudança de paradigma e do projeto pedagógico, conforme se pode observar nos diversos trabalhos apresentados em congressos de ensino de Engenharia. Tendo em vista esse contexto, esta tese tem como objeto de estudo uma atividade complementar que pode contribuir para o desenvolvimento de algumas das novas competências requeridas do engenheiro: o programa de Gestão de Carreira & Mentoring, desenvolvido, desde 2002, no âmbito da Escola Politécnica da Universidade de São Paulo como um serviço gratuito para formandos, egressos e novos docentes. Essa atividade complementar extracurricular serve de eixo a partir do qual se orienta e incentiva o aluno a refletir e agir em relação a questões como empregabilidade, autoconhecimento, desenvolvimento de competências, visão de futuro, projeto de carreira, alternativas de ocupações e educação continuada. Trabalho dessa natureza, pouco comum na grade curricular dos cursos de Engenharia no Brasil, pode contribuir significativamente para a formação do engenheiro com o perfil demandado pelas várias instâncias da sociedade, inclusive o mercado de trabalho. Para tal, a presente tese apresenta três estudos de casos com experimentos educacionais concernentes à referida atividade complementar e visa responder à seguinte pergunta de pesquisa: Que fatores impactam a eficácia de aprendizagem de atividades complementares desenvolvidas para preparar os alunos de engenharia para uma transição satisfatória para o mundo profissional?. Partindo de uma investigação teórica pautada nas teorias da Orientação Profissional e outras correntes teóricas e em uma análise qualitativa desses estudos de casos, identificaram-se três grupos de fatores, quais sejam: (1) fatores identificados empiricamente a partir dos estudos de casos; (2) Fatores teóricos baseados nas teorias da Orientação Profissional e (3) fatores teóricos baseados nas outras referências teóricas. Este estudo oferece às escolas de Engenharia um conjunto de conceitos, técnicas, processos e lições aprendidas que podem servir de referência para a incorporação dessas atividades, de forma transversal, em disciplinas afins (e.g. Introdução à Engenharia e Estágios). / Comprehensive engineering education aiming at the development of soft competences has been called for by several sections of society, including professional boards, governmental bodies, educators, researchers and newly graduated professionals facing unexpected work market demands. Most schools of engineering, however, have not managed to deliver on this mission, as we can easily see by comparing the number calls for this mission with the number of effective institutional actions. This is in fact a great challenge that implies paradigm change and development of a new pedagogical project, as reported in several talks in engineering education congresses. Against this background, this dissertation investigates an extracurricular activity that can contribute to the development of some of the new competences required of engineers nowadays: The Career Management & Mentoring program developed since 2002 as a free service provided by Escola Politécnica (University of São Paulo) to senior students, newly graduated engineers and new professors. This extracurricular activity focuses on guiding and encouraging the students to reflect on and take attitude about such issues as employability, self-knowledge, competence development, vision of future, career project, job alternatives, and continued education. This sort of activity, still unusual in the engineering syllabuses in Brazil, can contribute significantly to the development of engineers with the profile required by several sections of society, including the job market. More specifically, this dissertation reports on three case studies involving educational experiments drawing on the above mentioned extracurricular activity and aims to answer the following research question: Which factors impact on the learning efficacy of extracurricular activities designed to prepare engineering students for a satisfactory transition from college to the professional world? Drawing on professional orientation theories and other related theoretical underpinnings as well as on a qualitative analysis of the three case studies, this study identifies several factors impacting on learning efficacy, herein gathered in the categories students, service structure, supporters, and environment. This thesis provides schools of engineering with a number of concepts, techniques, processes and learnt lessons that serve as reference for transversally introducing activities of this nature in related disciplines such as Introduction to Engineering, and Curricular Internship.

Thesis (MPA.) -- University of LImpopo, 2017 / The Internship programme has been used by many governments and employers throughout the world to integrate academic theory learnt at schools and Universities and practiced in the workplace. The South African government introduced the Public Service Internship Programme(PSIP) in 2002, and one of its objectives was to reduce the high rate of graduates who are unemployable by appointing them as graduate interns for a period of 12 months, thus providing them with the public service skills and experience required by the Public Service in South Africa. The purpose of this study was to investigate the implementation of the Public Service Internship Programme with regards to its contribution to the employability of graduates: The case of the Limpopo Department of Economic Development, Environment, and Tourism in the Republic of South Africa. The study used the qualitative research method to interview 80 respondents ranging from Executive Management, Senior Management, Middle Management, Junior Management, Operational employees, Mentors and Graduate Interns to solicit their views and understanding on the implementation of the Public Service Internship Programme within the department. The study used content analysis to analyse data obtained from the 80 research respondents. The analysis was made using themes in line with thematic content analysis. The research findings confirmed that Graduate Interns are obtaining the necessary and relevant skills that will make them employable after completing the PSIP. The PSIP imparts Graduate Interns with skills that contribute to their employability in both the public and private sectors. It instils confidence and provides exposure and experience to Graduates Interns to have competitive advantages during job interviews in the public service and the private sector. It is a very useful programme that must be supported and encouraged in the public service as it assisted many to get jobs and reduce the rate of graduate unemployment in South Africa. It is relevant, useful and necessary to deal with the unemployment of graduates. It is successful and must be promoted because most Graduate Interns are employable during and after the completion of the programme. The study made the following recommendations; That all stakeholders must be inducted on PSIP to ensure its successful implementation, mentors must be trained on mentoring and coaching prior to their appointment, Mentoring vi be linked to the key result areas and key performance indicators of employees for it to be recognised in terms of the Performance Management and Development System, PSIP must be monitored and evaluated like all other government programmes, that the assignment of duties to graduates must be in line with their qualifications and their careers, graduate interns should be allowed to attend departmental meetings and functions as part of their learning areas, that those interning on the departmental Human Resources Management and Development be granted access to the PERSAL system as it is an important system in the South African Public Service, exit interviews must be conducted to get feedback from the interns on the implementation of the programme, and that proper allocation of offices or work spaces must be done by the department to enhance and improve the working conditions of the Graduate Interns

A current topic that is being discussed in education is the opportunity to work after graduation. The thesis strives to investigate what kind of competence is being created in higher education in order to determine the employability of the student and to clarify what educational support that is available. The study was conducted through semi-structured interviews with seven student counselors who shared their views on the correlation between education and the labor market in order to explore how to work with employability. The result shows that there is a lack of work-related learning in higher education that increases the gap between education and the labor market. The student indicates stress and anxiety about the future of the labor market and feels lost in what the education generates for type of competence. To avoid this problem, information about the skills that the labor market is demanding should be implemented in education and the opportunity to assign internships in the general programs.

This meta-analysis focuses on the willingness to work aspect of the RAW model of employability of Hogan et al. (2009), in relationship to career success. Willingness to work (W) can be defined as favorably disposed to work hard and take initiative at one’s job. The variables I used to structure the W are proactive personality, conscientiousness, work ethic, job involvement, adaptability, and ambition. I used the Hunter and Schmidt method to analyze the data applying a random effects model. All calculations were conducted in Excel. The overall sample consisted of 100 effect sizes (r) derived from 41 studies. The total sample size was 45,652. The individuals in these samples were from a wide range of backgrounds that included diverse samples of age, culture, and occupations. The results indicated a small to medium effect size for all variables. This outcome supports my hypotheses, concluding that willingness to work correlates with both objective and subjective career success. Because of small sample sizes (i.e., relatively few studies with usable moderator data), a moderator analysis was not conducted. Once sufficient studies have been published in this domain, future researchers could look into the possibility of moderators.

Jobs are available for university graduates with entrepreneurship skills, but unemployment in Morocco persists because of the dissociation between university entrepreneurship graduate skills and professional market demand. While university graduates have achieved academic standards, they have lacked the entrepreneurial attributes to be employable. The purpose of this case study was to explore the use of entrepreneurship learning initiatives at Université Internationale de Casablanca (UIC), a private for-profit university, to promote students' employability. The constructivism and learning paradigm frameworks served as the theoretical foundations of this project study. The research questions addressed the effectiveness of entrepreneurship learning strategies in the promotion of students' employment and self-employment and what challenged their implementation at UIC. Data were collected from 11 individual interviews with students, academic leaders, and business professionals and from accreditation application documents. The interviews were recorded, transcribed, and hand analyzed for the discovery of thematic codes. Results indicated that the implementation of a capstone project model could cultivate entrepreneurial student experience. It was recommended that comprehensive business plan capstone projects presented the opportunity of integrating experiential learning activities and assessment tools to develop the entrepreneurial mindset of undergraduate students and increase their affective attachment to the course and the university. Implications for social positive change included the use of entrepreneurship learning to foster internal collaboration among faculty, promote university external partnerships, and create an experiential learning environment that motivates students to learn and achieve professional immersion.

Regional accounting firm leaders face challenges with employees who possess strong technical skills, but lack nontechnical communicating and teamwork skills. The purpose of this multiple case study was to explore strategies regional accounting firm leaders use to train technical staff on soft skills. The human capital theory was the conceptual framework supporting the study. Data were collected from semistructured interviews with partners, leaders, managers, and human resource personnel with 5 years or more of experience who participated in the hiring, training, and professional development process at 3 regional CPA firms. The review of company documents and company website postings triangulated the semistructured interviews. Data analysis entailed coding, conceptualizing concepts and ideas, identifying themes, and member checking to ensure the trustworthiness of interpretations. Based on the data collected, 3 themes emerged after the analysis including soft skills needed for success, mentoring and leadership programs, and team building initiatives. Findings from this study may contribute to social change by providing strategies regional accounting firms could use to provide soft skills training and mentoring initiatives to technical staff. Improvement in soft skills training may improve employees' lives by increasing their employability, career progression, and transition within the workplace, which may improve the economic wellbeing of local communities.

Kompetensförsörjning är ett brett begrepp som innefattar många moment i en organisations strategiska arbete med att förse organisationen med rätt kompetenser. Denna studie syftar att bidra till kunskapsutvecklingen kring kompetensförsörjning som finns i tidigare forskning inom ämnet. Studien genomförs i små och medelstora företag, i en pendlingskommun nära större stad. Vårt huvudsakliga fokus ligger på att lyfta hur organisationer tänker kring och arbetar med att attrahera, rekrytera, utveckla och behålla medarbetare med rätt kompetenser. Vi gjorde därför en kvalitativ studie med semistrukturerade intervjuer där nio organisationer inom den valda kommunen, Vännäs, medverkade. Resultatet visade att företagen i studien både ser utmaningar och möjligheter med kompetensförsörjning, och omfattningen med arbetet kring att attrahera, rekrytera, utveckla och behålla kompetent arbetskraft varierar. Det strategiska arbetet påverkas av det geografiska läget, företagens storlek, samt vilka resurser företagen har för att arbeta med de olika delarna i kompetensförsörjningen. Studien visar vidare att andra samhällsinstanser såsom staten, Arbetsförmedlingen och kommunerna, i samarbete med näringslivet, bär ansvaret för att förbättra kompetensförsörjningen i samhället framöver.

Il apparaît nécessaire, au niveau international, de former des compétences fonctionnelles aux exigences de la vie et du travail, en termes de : capacité à résoudre les problèmes, à prendre des initiatives autonomes et flexibles, à mobiliser les connaissances pour gérer des situations complexes et résoudre des problèmes. Au centre d'une bonne employabilité de la personne, se trouvent les compétences auto-dirigées (penser et choisir consciemment son propre avenir), à la fois celles de planifier et de se redessiner soi-même (life design). Dans le domaine de l'employabilité, la rencontre des jeunes handicapés et du monde du travail c’ est difficile, en raison de la persistance des stéréotypes et des stigmates, ainsi que de l'absence d'une réelle volonté politique et systémique d'appliquer et de faire respecter la réglementation. Il est donc nécessaire d'explorer la construction de l'employabilité non seulement d'un point de vue théorique, mais aussi à travers la perception que les jeunes adultes handicapés ont de leur employabilité afin de mettre en œuvre des formations et des conseils visant à explorer les compétences liées à l'employabilité de tous les jeunes adultes, dans une perspective inclusiveUne recherche exploratoire empirico-descriptive a été choisie. En particulier, l'outil AVO développé par l'IISFOL/INAPP a été utilisé pour explorer le potentiel d'employabilité des jeunes adultes handicapés de Campanie (18-30 ans). Il a également été choisi pour explorer, par des entretiens semi-structurés, l'histoire et le projet professionnel de 20 jeunes Campani handicapés. En ce qui concerne la méthodologie d'analyse des données il est prévu l'utilisation du logiciel NVIVO (Richards, 1999) pour l'analyse qualitative de l'ensemble des entretiens et l'utilisation du logiciel SPSS pour effectuer des analyses descriptives des données collectées. Les jeunes personnes handicapées qui ont participé à l'étude ont un potentiel d'employabilité moyennement faible et font état de difficultés dans la conception de leur projet professionnel. L’analyse qualitative a permis de confirmer cette difficulté et de cadrer le projet professionnel en termes de réorientation de soi entre ressources et barrières. / It is necessary, at the international level, to form functional skills to the demands of life and work, in terms of: the ability to solve problems, to take autonomous and flexible initiatives, to mobilize knowledge for Manage complex situations and solve problems. At the centre of a good employability of the person, are self-directed skills (thinking and consciously choosing one's own future), both those of planning and redrawing oneself (life design). In the field of employability, the meeting of young people with disabilities and the world of work is difficult, because of the persistence of stereotypes and stigmas, as well as the lack of a real political and systemic will to apply and make comply with the regulations. It is therefore necessary to explore the construction of employability not only from a theoretical point of view, but also through the perception that young adults with disabilities have their employability in order to implement training and advice to explore skills related to the employability of all young adults, from an inclusive perspective. A empirical-descriptive exploratory research has been chosen. In particular, the tool developed by the IISFOL/INAPP and computerized by the technology Section of the SInAPSi University Centre was used to explore the employability potential of young adults with disabilities in Campania (18-30 years). It was also chosen to explore, through semi-structured interviews, the history and professional project of 20 young disabled Campani. With regard to the data analysis methodology, the use of the NVIVO software (Richards, 1999) is foreseen for the qualitative analysis of all interviews and the use of SPSS software to perform descriptive analyses of the data Collected. Young persons with disabilities who participated in the study have a potential for employability Moderately low employability and report difficulties in the design of their professional project. The qualitative analysis confirmed this difficulty and frame the professional project in terms of reorienting oneself between resources and barriers.

Abstract The aim of this study is to examine and analyze the advantages and limitations of practicum at the HR-program at Uppsala university in the years of 1986-1995 through summarized practicum reports, while focusing on learning in relation to academically based employability. This approach is used to further understand the influence practicum has on employability in relation to the three objectives of higher education. The three objectives are; the usefulness-, competitive- and literate perspective.   The study partly contains an account of the students own experiences and thoughts regarding the practicum as well as a summary and an analysis of the content of said practicum in relation to the education and academically based employability. The research questions of this study seeks to answer the motives and background of the practicum and also the benefits and limitations that comes with it. The data of this study consist of individual summary reports that the students have made in connection to the semester in which the practicum took place. The summaries contain some of the tasks that the students performed but also an account of the students own thoughts and experiences of their practicum.   Method: The data collection method consists of qualitative content analysis and a semi-structured interview.   The results show that the students believe that the practicum has contributed to improve their own employability by providing better capabilities and a deeper understanding of their professional field. The results of the study also show that a big part of the practicum has involved informal learning as well as adaptive- and development learning which has contributed to the development of the students. The conclusion is that the practicum has been important to the students as it has contributed to their personal development and also improved their employability.

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between characteristics of refreshed registered nurses and reemployment in the nursing workforce post Refresher programme. The application forms completed by the participants of the six programmes conducted by the ACT Health Authority (ACTHA, now Department of Community Services and Health ACT) provided data for a profile analysis. Employment data was derived mostly from statistics compiled by the Research Officer, Nursing, ACTHA. The findings of this study demonstrated that inactive registered nurses do return to nursing from periods of non-participation as nurses, following completion of Refresher programmes. Moreover, significant numbers of these returning nurses remain in nursing employment. In relation to that aspect of workforce planning which considers sources of supply for the registered nurse labour market an area for further study would be to explore the area of patient care in which the greater concentration of refreshed nurses were to be found post programme: acute care settings or extended care facilities. The study found that predictions of the successful reentry to nursing of the individual refreshed nurse and of retention in the nursing workforce could not be based on the characteristics of that person, alone. These findings supported the study's hypothesis that there would be no statistically significant difference between the characteristics of refreshed registered nurses who returned to, and remain in, the nursing workforce and those refreshers who either did not reenter nursing post programme or who left during the following twelve months. The characteristics examined were age, family status, post registration nursing experience, post registration nursing courses, worked as a nurse in the ACT prior to the programme, previous employment status, and time inactive from nursing pre-Refresher programme. Trends were identified which indicated that with some characteristics there was a greater likelihood of post programme reemployability in nursing. Refreshed nurses who reentered and remained in the nursing workforce tended to be younger.than those not working as nurses. There was a trend for post programme participators in the nursing workforce to have had fewer years of post registration nursing experience and to be more likely not to have obtained post registration nursing qualifications than their counterparts not working in nursing positions. Perhaps not surprisingly the study found that a higher proportion of the refreshers employed as nurses had previously worked at some stage in ACT health care facilities as registered nurses. A somewhat unexpected finding was that amongst the group of refreshed nurses working in nursing the largest contingent had been inactive from nursing for more years than was the case for those not working as nurses. The majority of refreshed registered nurses, whether they were working as nurses post programme or not had a family status of partner/husband and child(ren) and were unemployed before undertaking the Refresher programme. Refreshed registered nurses have provided a source of supply to the nursing workforce during a period of shortage of qualified nurses in the health care system. In the latter part of the 1980's there have been indications that shortage is largely confined to nurses with specialised skills. The findings from this study should assist the nursing profession in deciding the future role of programmes of reentry for inactive registered nurses who require reskilling for current clinical competence for general patient care areas.