This essay maps the security policy consequences of Russia's export of gas and oil to Europe in the years 2014–2022. The essay analyzes the development of the EU's energy policy, which dealt with energy transitions. The author also examines changes in the Russian Federation's security policy, military thinking, and military spending, as well as EU actions directed at Russia. The source material consisted of digital and printed sources that were processed using the deductive and qualitative method. To interpret the sources and create the narrative, the Peak Oil theory of M. King Hubbert, Benedict Anderson's theory of nationalism and the groupthink theory of Irving Janis were used. The results of the survey confirm previous research that emphasizes the importance of cheap energy for a modern society. The survey confirms that energy transitions do not occur in a blink of an eye, as well as the claim that the countries that import gas and oil become dependent on the countries that export these fossil fuels. The survey results show that the security policy situation in Europe has become worse during the period 2014–2022. The war in Ukraine can be seen because of Russia's changed military thinking and security policy, as well as the EU's inability to use powerful sanctions against Russia. During the same period, the EU underwent an energy transition and was extremely dependent on oil and gas imports from Russia. The results of this essay show that Russia's policy was primarily driven by geopolitical ambitions, namely, to make Russia a great power. Incorporation of Ukraine was seen as one of the intermediate goals. The sanctions used by the EU had little or no effect. What could affect Russia's ability to continue the war was a total boycott of Russian oil and gas. The essay's results provide a clear indication of the consequences of an ill-conceived energy policy. The result also shows how geopolitics, power and economics are connected and can affect humanity both locally and globally. The research results offer a broad field for further research in the energy sector, historical and political geography.

This master thesis investigates the risks associated with Battery Energy Storage (BESS) projects to improve the insurance process for BESS projects in Sweden, aligning with the global shift towards renewable energy as mandated by the Paris Agreement. The primary objective of this report is to develop guidelines for small enterprises entering the BESS market, focusing on risk identification and stakeholder objectives to improve the insurance process. Some risks identified were a lack of knowledge and experience, unsatisfactory suppliers, and policy and regulatory uncertainties. Utilizing a system engineering approach, the study investigates the interactions and communication between stakeholders, including project developers, insurance brokers, and insurers. The research is conducted through interviews with these stakeholders and a comprehensive literature review. The findings highlight challenges in communication during the insurance process and identify key factors that project developers should consider to ensure smoother interactions, such as providing more detailed information about the requirements to receive insurance. The study reveals the unique challenges posed by the novelty of BESS technology in Sweden. It suggests that a standardized and improved insurance process for BESS projects can accelerate the adoption of renewable energy technologies. The study is delimited to the Swedish context, acknowledging that insurance market mechanisms and BESS technology implementations vary across different countries. The theoretical contributions include an analysis of insurance for BESS projects and an overview of the current insurance products available in the Swedish market. The practical contributions include a guideline for new BESS project developers with considerations they can take to ensure a smoother insurance process for their projects. / Denna masteruppsats undersöker de risker som är förknippade med projekt för batterienergilagringssystem (BESS) för att förbättra försäkrings processen för BESS-projekt i Sverige, i linje med den globala övergången till förnybar energi enligt Parisavtalet. Huvudmålet med denna rapport är att utveckla riktlinjer för småföretag som går in på BESS-marknaden, med fokus på riskidentifiering och intressenternas mål för att förbättra försäkrings processen. Några identifierade risker var bristande kunskap och erfarenhet, otillfredsställande leverantörer och osäkerheter i policy och regelverk. Genom att använda Systems Engineering undersöker denna studie interaktionerna och kommunikationen mellan intressenter, inklusive projektutvecklare, försäkringsmäklare och försäkringsbolag. Forskningen genomförs genom intervjuer med dessa intressenter och en omfattande litteraturstudie. Resultaten belyser utmaningar i kommunikationen under försäkrings processen och identifierar viktiga faktorer som projektutvecklare bör beakta för att säkerställa smidigare interaktioner, såsom att tillhandahålla mer detaljerad information om kraven för att få försäkring. Studien avslöjar de unika utmaningar som den nya BESS-tekniken medför i Sverige. Den föreslår att en standardiserad och förbättrad försäkrings process för BESS-projekt kan påskynda införandet av förnybar energiteknik. Studien är begränsad till den svenska kontexten och erkänner att försäkringsmarknadens mekanismer och BESS-teknikens tillämpningar varierar mellan olika länder. De teoretiska bidragen inkluderar en analys av försäkringar för BESS-projekt och en översikt över de nuvarande försäkringsprodukterna som finns tillgängliga på den svenska marknaden. De praktiska bidragen inkluderar riktlinjer för nya BESS-projektutvecklare med överväganden dekan ta för att säkerställa en smidigare försäkrings process för sina projekt.