Investing in the stock market offers opportunities for wealth accumulation through variousstrategies. This thesis explores the pairs trading strategy with dual-class stocks differingonly in voting rights, aiming to reduce portfolio risk and outperform the market bench-mark. Using data from the Swedish Large Cap index (2003-2023), the study benchmarksthe strategy’s performance against the OMXSPI index, assessing total return, CAGR andthe Sharpe ratio for three different strategies. Depending on the predefined thresholds ofthe trading strategy, the study concludes that pairs trading can surpass a buy-and-holdapproach, showing the effectiveness of a market neutral trading strategy.

自從１９７３年以來各國紛紛實施較浮動的匯率制度以來，有關遠期外匯市場是否為 有效率市場的問題，一直為研究者所關切，匯率的變動程度是否過劇及其變動是否可 以預知乃成為近年學者任探討的重點。 已往的若干實証分析結果顯示，遠期外匯市場為非效率的市場，但是對於何種原因是 造成遠期外匯市場非有效率則一直有所爭議，無法得出一致的結論。 近年來若干實証分析顯示，大部份金融資產報酬的條件期望值及條件變異數是隨時間 在變動的。已往由於在計量分析上對於風險變數處理上的困難，通常都假定條件不變 異數是固定的加以分析。這樣的處理方式所得到的結果，並無法真正的解釋現實的情 況。 因此，為了探討金融資產的風險性溢價（RISK PREMIUN）是否隨時間在變動，本文乃 著重於有關風險變數之設定，利用ENGLE （１９８２）所提出自我迴歸異質條件變異 數模型（AUTOREGRESSIVE CONDITIONAL HETEROSCDASTICITY），加以實証析。希望透 過較合理的模型設定，而能得較完整且一致的結果。

Η παρούσα μελέτη εξετάζει τη δυναμική σχέση μεταξύ των τιμών των ζωοτροφών και παραγωγού, καταναλωτή για τέσσερα είδη κρέατος: μοσχάρι, χοιρινό, αρνί και κοτόπουλο. Η σχετική βιβλιογραφία δείχνει ότι πολλοί παράγοντες επιδρούν στις τιμές των αγροτικών προϊόντων αλλά οι τιμές των ζωοτροφών είναι ο κυριότερος. Αυτό συμβαίνει γιατί οι ζωοτροφές αποτελούν πρώτη ύλη για την παραγωγή κρέατος και κατ΄επέκταση θα επηρέασουν τις τιμές παραγωγού και καταναλωτή. Τα δεδομένα αποτελούνται από 279 μηνιαίες τιμές που εκτείνονται από τον Ιανουάριο 1990 έως τον Ιανουάριο 2013. Χρησιμοποιώντας Johansen cointegration tests, Granger causality tests και impulse response functions τα εμπειρικά αποτελέσματα επιβεβαιώνουν πως οι τιμές των ζωοτροφών, οι τιμές παραγωγού και οι τιμές καταναλωτή δεν είναι ανεξάρτητες μεταξύ τους. / The present paper studies the relationship among feed prices, producer prices and consumer prices of meat: beef, pork, poultry and lamb. The literature indicates that there are many factors which affect agricultural commodity prices but the feed prices are the main. This is why feed has a principal role in the production of meat and will affect producer and consumer prices. The data consists of 279 monthly observations extending from January 1990 to January 2013. Using Johansen cointegration tests, Granger causality tests and impulse response functions, the empirical findings confirm that feed prices, consumer prices and producer prices are interdependent.

The aim of this thesis is to verify and analyse presumed relations between selected macro-fundamentals, namely USD exchange rate, production index, interbank offered rate, inflation, money supply and two exogenous indices ( Standard & Poor's 500 and EURO STOXX 50), and CEE (Austria, Czech Republic, Poland, Hungary) or SEE (Bulgaria, Croatia, Slovenia, Romania) financial markets over the period from December 1995 to December 2015. In order to test the long-run cointegration relationships between studied markets and the set of macroeconomic variables, the Engle-Granger and Johansen tests are applied. The vector error correction model is used to confirm the long-run equilibrium interlinkages and the results show similar trend tendencies between stock indices and some of the macro-fundamentals in Croatia, Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland and Romania. To verify the short-run causal linkages, the Granger causality test is employed. Based on retrieved findings, the efficiency of studied markets with respect to Efficient Market Theory is reviewed. Our findings reveal several pairwise short-run causal impacts between studied macroeconomic indicators and stock indices. The only indicator which does not impact any stock market is the interbank offered rate. Moreover, according to our results, all CEE&SEE stock...