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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
181

Epigenetic Landscapes Identify Functional Therapeutic Vulnerabilities in Glioblastoma

Gimple, Ryan Christopher 03 September 2020 (has links)
No description available.
182

BIOPHYSICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF ASF/SF2’S INTERACTION WITH SPLICE SITE A7 IN THE HIV GENOME

Kochert, Brent Andrew 07 December 2012 (has links)
No description available.
183

Mechanisms of Corrosion Caused by Anaerobic Biofilms and Its Mitigation Using a Biocide Enhanced by D-Amino Acids

Cai, Weizhen January 2017 (has links)
No description available.
184

Regulation of sodium iodide symporter expression/function and tissue-targeted gene transfer of sodium iodide symporter

Lin, Xiaoqin January 2003 (has links)
No description available.
185

Generación de líneas T-DNA de tomate (Solanum Lycopersicon cv.p73) e identificación de mutantes de inserción

Angarita Díaz, Mª del Pilar 17 February 2012 (has links)
El empleo de herramientas genómicas ayudará a superar dos de los retos que todavía subsisten en el campo de la mejora molecular (i.e., vía transformación): la identificación de los genes que realmente controlan los caracteres de interés agronómico y la detección de señales de regulación que permitan modular la expresión de los transgenes a nivel espacial y temporal. Entre las vías para lograr tales objetivos, destaca la mutagénesis insercional por T-DNA, que en los últimos años se ha convertido en una herramienta básica para la identificación y etiquetado de genes, así como para el análisis de su función. En efecto, la disrupción de un gen endógeno o la integración del T-DNA en la vecindad del mismo pueden ocasionar la anulación o alteración de función, dando una valiosa información sobre el papel de un cierto gen en un carácter dado. Otra aplicación de la mutagénesis insercional por T-DNA estriba en la detección de elementos de regulación mediante el empleo de los denominados "sistemas trampa" (trapping) que permiten detectar secuencias reguladoras y asignar una función a partir de datos de expresión del delator que mimetiza la expresión del gen endógeno. El aspecto más relevante de estas aproximaciones es que, tras la identificación de un cierto gen, éste queda etiquetado por el T-DNA, lo que facilita su clonación. El principal objetivo de esta Tesis Doctoral ha sido la generación una colección de líneas de inserción por T-DNA en tomate y la identificación de mutantes afectados en caracteres relacionados con el desarrollo. En concreto, se han generado más de 1200 líneas T-DNA y se han obtenido sus descendencias TG2. La caracterización de estas líneas en TG1 ha conducido a la detección de 255 mutantes (de tipo dominante, semidominante o aditivo) afectados en caracteres vegetativos y/o reproductivos. Asimismo, se ha caracterizado una pequeña muestra de progenies TG2 (en concreto 37) lo que ha permitido la identificación de 6 mutantes recesivos. / Angarita Díaz, MDP. (2009). Generación de líneas T-DNA de tomate (Solanum Lycopersicon cv.p73) e identificación de mutantes de inserción [Tesis doctoral]. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/14718
186

Vergleichende Analysen von drei verschiedenen Burkitt-Lymphom-Zelllinien im CAM-Xenograft-Modell unter besonderer Berücksichtigung des Transkriptionsfaktors LEF1 / Comparative analysis of three different Burkitt lymphoma cell lines in the CAM xenograft model, with special consideration of the transcription factor LEF1

Blumberg, Alina Friederike 17 October 2018 (has links)
No description available.
187

Validation of enhancer variants modulating haematological toxicity reactions / Validering av enhancer varianter som modulerar hematologiska toxicitetsreaktioner

Norberg, Zandra January 2022 (has links)
Omkring 20 miljoner nya cancerfall inträffar över hela världen varje år, och under 2020 uppskattades det att 10 miljoner dödsfall var förknippade med cancer. En av de vanligaste behandlingarna för cancer är cytostatika (cellgifter) som angriper alla snabbväxande celler. Detta kan i sin tur leda till allvarliga biverkningar, exempelvis hematologiska toxicitetsreaktioner som kan vara livshotande och till och med dödliga, men hur allvarligt en patient kommer att reagera på behandlingen är mycket individuellt. För närvarande finns det ingen definitiv förklaring på vad som är den bakom- liggande orsaken till dessa allvarliga toxicitetsreaktioner. Det kan vara en genetisk komponent och det antas att genetiska variationer finns i genomets regulatoriska sekvenser som kan vara bidragande faktorer. För detta examensarbete har det identifierats varianter som finns inom eller nära någon enhancer där motsvarande enhancer kan vara kopplad till gener relevanta för de allvarliga toxicitetsreaktioner som vissa patienter upplever. Syftet är att validera att dessa enhancers faktiskt reglerar genuttrycket av dessa gener genom CRISPR-interferens (CRISPRi). Genom att rikta in sig på de identifierade enhancer-varianterna med CRISPRi-systemet, med hjälp av flera olika sgRNA, skulle en mätbar förändring i genuttryck kunna uppnås. Den slutliga valideringen av dessa enhancers, om de faktiskt modulerar genuttrycket, har inte utförts på grund av tidsbrist. Dock  har  alla  nöd- vändiga komponenter förberetts såsom att integrera de erforderliga sekvenserna för CRISPRi till genomet av cancercellinjen K562 och sorterat ut de celler med framgångsrik integrering, därigenom skapat en stabil cellinje. / Around 20 million new cancer cases occur worldwide every year, and in 2020 alone it was estimated that 10 million deaths were associated with cancer. One of the most common treatments for cancer is the use of chemotherapy drugs which are nonspecific and target all fast dividing cells. This in turn can lead to serious haematological toxicity reactions among other adverse side effects that could be life threatening and even fatal, but how severely a patient will react to the treatment is very individual.  As of now there is no definite answer to what the underlying cause for these severe toxicity reactions is.  There could be a genetic component and it is hypothesised that there are variants residing in the regulatory sequences of the genome that could be contributing factors. For this degree project, variants that are located within or near an enhancer have been identified where the corresponding enhancer might be linked to genes relevant for why some patients might experience severe toxicity re- actions. The aim is to validate that these enhancers do in fact regulate the gene expression of these genes through the use of CRISPR-interference (CRISPRi). By targeting around the identified enhancer variants with the CRISPRi system, using several different sgRNA, there could be a measur- able change in gene expression. The final validation of the enhancers, if these do in fact modulate the gene expression, was not performed due to lack of time. However, all necessary components were prepared such as integrating the required sequences for CRISPRi into the genome of the cancer cell line K562 and sort for successful integration, thereby creating a stable cell line.
188

The IM-9 cell line: a model for evaluating TCDD-induced modulation of the polymorphic human hs1,2 enhancer within the 3' immunoglobulin heavy chain regulatory region

Chambers-Turner, Ruth C. 26 March 2010 (has links)
No description available.
189

Elevated expression of prostate cancer-associated genes is linked to down-regulation of microRNAs

Erdmann, Kati, Kaulke, Knut, Thomae, Cathleen, Hübner, Doreen, Sergon, Mildred, Fröhner, Michael, Wirth, Manfred P, Füssel, Susanne 11 July 2014 (has links) (PDF)
Background: Recent evidence suggests that the prostate cancer (PCa)-specific up-regulation of certain genes such as AMACR, EZH2, PSGR, PSMA and TRPM8 could be associated with an aberrant expression of non-coding microRNAs (miRNA). Methods: In silico analyses were used to search for miRNAs being putative regulators of PCa-associated genes. The expression of nine selected miRNAs (hsa-miR-101, -138, -186, -224, -26a, -26b, -374a, -410, -660) as well as of the aforementioned PCa-associated genes was analyzed by quantitative PCR using 50 malignant (Tu) and matched non-malignant (Tf) tissue samples from prostatectomy specimens as well as 30 samples from patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Then, correlations between paired miRNA and target gene expression levels were analyzed. Furthermore, the effect of exogenously administered miR-26a on selected target genes was determined by quantitative PCR and Western Blot in various PCa cell lines. A luciferase reporter assay was used for target validation. Results: The expression of all selected miRNAs was decreased in PCa tissue samples compared to either control group (Tu vs Tf: -1.35 to -5.61-fold; Tu vs BPH: -1.17 to -5.49-fold). The down-regulation of most miRNAs inversely correlated with an up-regulation of their putative target genes with Spearman correlation coefficients ranging from -0.107 to -0.551. MiR-186 showed a significantly diminished expression in patients with non-organ confined PCa and initial metastases. Furthermore, over-expression of miR-26a reduced the mRNA and protein expression of its potential target gene AMACR in vitro. Using the luciferase reporter assay AMACR was validated as new target for miR-26a. Conclusions: The findings of this study indicate that the expression of specific miRNAs is decreased in PCa and inversely correlates with the up-regulation of their putative target genes. Consequently, miRNAs could contribute to oncogenesis and progression of PCa via an altered miRNA-target gene-interaction.
190

Diversité fonctionnelle du facteur de transcription Tbx5 dans le coeur

Georges, Romain O. 08 1900 (has links)
Le cœur des vertébrés est un organe modulaire qui requiert le " patterning " complexe des champs morphogénétiques cardiogènes et la convergence coordonnée des diverses sous-populations de progéniteurs cardiogéniques. Au moins 7 facteurs de transcription de la famille T-box coopèrent au sein de ces nombreuses sous-populations de progéniteurs cardiogéniques afin de réguler la morphogenèse et l’agencement de multiples structures le long de l’ébauche cardiaque, ce qui explique que les mutations humaines de ces gènes engendrent diverses malformations congénitales cardiaques (MCCs). L’un de ces gènes T-box, Tbx5, dont l’haploinsuffisance génère le syndrome de Holt-Oram (SHO), intervient dans une grande variété de réseaux de régulation géniques (RRGs) qui orchestrent la morphogenèse des oreillettes, du ventricule gauche, de la valve mitrale, des septums inter-auriculaire et inter-ventriculaire, ainsi que du système de conduction cardiaque. La diversité des RRGs impliqués dans la formation de ces structures cardiaques suggère que Tbx5 détient une profusion de fonctions qui ne seront identifiables qu’en répertoriant ses activités moléculaires dans chaque lignée cardiaque examinée isolément. Afin d’aborder cette problématique, une ablation génétique de Tbx5 dans l’endocarde a été réalisée. Cette expérience a démontré le rôle crucial de Tbx5 dans la survie des cellules endocardiques bordant le septum primum et des cardiomyocytes au sein de cette structure embryonnaire qui contribuera à la morphogenèse du septum inter-auriculaire. En outre, cette étude a révélé l’existence d’une communication croisée entre la sous-population de cellules endocardiques Tbx5+ et le myocarde au niveau du septum primum, afin d’assurer la survie des cardiomyocytes, et ultimement de garantir la maturation du septum inter-auriculaire. Nos résultats confirment aussi l’importance de l’interdépendance génétique (Tbx5 et Gata4 ainsi que Tbx5 et Nos3) entre différents loci dans la morphogenèse de la cloison inter-auriculaire, et particulièrement de l’influence que peut avoir l’environnement sur la pénétrance et l’expressivité des communications inter-auriculaires (CIAs) dans le SHO. En outre, puisque les fonctions d’un gène dépendent ordinairement des différents isoformes qu’il peut générer, une deuxième étude a focalisé davantage sur l’aspect transcriptionnel de Tbx5. Cette approche a mené à la découverte de 6 transcrits alternatifs exhibant des fonctions à la fois communes et divergentes. La caractérisation de 2 de ces isoformes a révélé le rôle de l’isoforme long (Tbx5_v1) dans la régulation de la croissance des cardiomyocytes durant la cardiogénèse, tandis que l’isoforme court (Tbx5_v2), préférentiellement exprimé dans le cœur mature, réprime la croissance cellulaire. Il est donc entièrement concevable que les mutations de TBX5 entraînant une troncation de la région C-terminale accroissent la concentration d’une protéine mutée qui, à l’instar de Tbx5_v2, interfère avec la croissance de certaines structures cardiaques. En revanche, la divergence de fonctions de ces isoformes, caractérisée par les disparités de localisation subcellulaire et de d’interaction avec d’autres cofacteurs cardiaques, suggère que les mutations affectant davantage un isoforme favoriseraient l’émergence d’un type particulier de MCC. Finalement, un dernier objectif était d’identifier le ou les mécanisme(s) moléculaire(s) par le(s)quel(s) Tbx5 régule son principal gène cible, Nppa, et d’en extraire les indices qui éclairciraient sa fonction transcriptionnelle. Cet objectif nécessitait dans un premier lieu d’identifier les différents modules cis-régulateurs (MCRs) coordonnant la régulation transcriptionnelle de Nppa et Nppb, deux gènes natriurétiques dont l’organisation en tandem et le profil d’expression durant la cardiogénèse sont conservés dans la majorité des vertébrés. L’approche d’empreinte phylogénétique employée pour scanner le locus Nppb/Nppa a permis d’identifier trois MCRs conservés entre diverses espèces de mammifères, dont un (US3) est spécifique aux euthériens. Cette étude a corroboré que la régulation de l’expression du tandem génique Nppb/Nppa requérait l’activité transcriptionnelle d’enhancers en complément aux promoteurs de Nppa et Nppb. La concordance quasiment parfaite entre les profils d’expression de Tbx5 et de ces deux gènes natriurétiques chez les mammifères, suggère que le gradient d’expression ventriculaire de Tbx5 est interprété par le recrutement de ce facteur au niveau des différents enhancers identifiés. En somme, les études présentées dans cette thèse ont permis de clarifier la profusion de fonctions cardiaques que possède Tbx5. Certaines de ces fonctions émanent de l’épissage alternatif de Tbx5, qui favorise la synthèse d’isoformes dotés de propriétés spécifiques. Les diverses interactions combinatoires entre ces isoformes et d’autres facteurs cardiaques au sein des diverses sous-populations de progéniteurs cardiogènes contribuent à l’émergence de RRGs cardiaques divergents. / The vertebrate heart is a modular organ, which requires the complex patterning of the morphogenetic heart fields and the coordinated convergence of the diverse subpopulations of cardiogenic progenitors. At least 7 transcription factors of the T-box family cooperate within these numerous subpopulations of cardiogenic progenitors to regulate the morphogenesis and the layout of multiple structures along the primordial heart tube, which explains that the human mutations of these genes induce various congenital heart defects (CHDs). One of these T-box genes, Tbx5, whose haploinsufficiency generates the Holt-Oram syndrome (HOS), intervenes in a wide variety of gene regulatory networks (GRNs) that orchestrate the morphogenesis of the atria, the left ventricle, the mitral valve, the inter-atrial and inter-ventricular septa, as well as the cardiac conduction system. The diversity of GRNs involved in the formation of these cardiac structures suggests that Tbx5 holds a profusion of functions which will be identifiable only by indexing its molecular activities in each separately examined cardiac lineage. To address this problem, a conditional knockout of Tbx5 in the endocardium was generated. This experiment demonstrated a crucial role of Tbx5 in the survival of the endocardial cells lining the septum primum and the cardiomyocytes within this embryonic structure, which will contribute to the morphogenesis of the inter-atrial septum. Moreover, this study revealed a crosstalk between the Tbx5-positive endocardial cells subpopulation and the myocardium at the level of the septum primum to ensure the survival of cardiomyocytes, and ultimately to guarantee the maturation of the inter-atrial septum. Our results also confirmed the importance of genetic interdependence (Tbx5 and Gata4 as well as Tbx5 and Nos3) between different loci in the morphogenesis of the inter-atrial septum, and particularly the influence that the environment can have on the penetrance and the expressivity of atrial septal defects (ASDs) in the HOS. Besides, since the functions of a gene usually depend on the different isoforms it can generate, a second study focused more on the transcriptional aspect of Tbx5. This approach led to the discovery of 6 alternative transcripts exhibiting both common and specific functions. The characterization of 2 of these isoforms revealed the role of the long isoform (Tbx5_v1) in the regulation of cardiomyocytes growth during cardiogenesis, whereas the short isoform (Tbx5_v2), preferentially expressed in the mature heart, represses cell growth. It is thus entirely conceivable that TBX5 mutations leading to a C-terminal truncation increase the concentration of a mutated protein, which, like Tbx5_v2, interferes with the growth of certain cardiac structures. On the other hand, the divergence of functions of these isoforms, characterized by the disparities of subcellular localization and interaction with other cardiac cofactors, suggests that mutations affecting more one isoform would favor the emergence of a particular type of CHD. Finally, a last objective was to identify one or several molecular mechanism(s) by which Tbx5 regulates its main target gene, Nppa, and to extract clues that might clarify its transcriptional function. This objective required in a first place to identify the various cis-regulatory modules (CRMs) coordinating the transcriptional regulation of Nppa and Nppb, two natriuretic genes whose tandem organization and expression pattern during cardiogenesis are preserved in most vertebrates. The phylogenetic footprint approach employed to scan the Nppb/Nppa locus allowed the identification of three CRMs evolutionary conserved between different mammals species, one of which (US3) is specific to eutherians. This study confirmed that the regulation of the tandem genes Nppb/Nppa required the transcriptional activity of enhancers in complement to Nppa and Nppb promoters. The almost perfect concordance between the expression profiles of Tbx5 and these two natriuretic genes in mammals, suggests that the ventricular expression gradient of Tbx5 is interpreted by the recruitment of this factor to the identified enhancers. Altogether, the studies presented in this thesis allowed clarifying the profusion of Tbx5 cardiac functions. Some of these functions emanate from the alternative splicing of Tbx5, which favors the synthesis of isoforms endowed with specific properties. The diverse combinatorial interactions between these isoforms and other cardiac factors within the various cardiogenic progenitor subpopulations contribute to the emergence of distinct cardiac RRGs.

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