As the globalization trend going on, the Taiwan¡¦s steel import tariff has been reduced to almost nil customs duties after joining in the World Trade Organization. Taken to be a result of continuous investment in enhancing and enlarging output capabilities made by local steel manufacturers, the domestic steel markets are showing a tendency to a surplus status of supply over demand. The steel companies in Taiwan are faced with much stricter economic surrounding. Therefore, it is first priority that any enterprise must do well on internal improvement in order to keep its competitiveness. This research aims to setup Architecture-Oriented Production Equipment Management Model (AOPEMM). The results will be provided to the coated/galvanized plate steel products as reference of the Production Equipment Management. In this research, we first set up the roadmap of Architecture-Oriented Production Equipment Management Model. In the roadmap of AOPEMM, structure element diagrams, structure element service diagrams, structure behavior coalescence diagrams, and sequence diagrams are constructed accordingly. Through repeating of this construction, we then achieve an optimization of the AOPEMM. We compare AOPEMM with Non-Architecture-Oriented Production Equipment Management Model (NAOPEMM) using six measurement indicators, such as organization, personnel, task, technology, communication interface and integration of the resources. Strength of AOPEMM and Weakness of NAOPEMM are validated to support the argument of this research.

Anesthesia support personnel (ASP) provide direct support to health care providers administering anesthesia (Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetists [CRNAs] and anesthesiologists). Because these anesthesia providers are caring for a patient whom they cannot legally or ethically leave unattended, ASP are employed to bring them extra supplies or equipment, prepare equipment for the case, maintain and clean equipment, and generally function as directed by the anesthesia provider. Given the limited literature and importance of ASP in maintaining equipment essential to safe practice, it is necessary to describe the population to understand who is functioning in this role to insure that these individuals are trained and capable of complying with safety standards. There are two studies in the literature describing this population. The first study presents a descriptive survey of ASP utilization in anesthesiology residency training programs revealing varied utilization and qualifications of ASP (McMahon & Thompson, 1987). The second study is a survey of a convenience sample of the membership of the professional organization of ASP, which offers voluntary certification (American Society of Anesthesiology Technologists and Technicians). This survey reveals variation in utilization and qualification of ASP as well. The present prospective descriptive survey of CRNAs working with ASP was conducted to describe this population in terms of their educational characteristics and training, specific job functions, and work environment. It further evaluated perceptions of practicing CRNAs regarding the utilization of ASP. The results of this study were consistent with that of previous work and indicated that ASP utilization varies by hospital but has a propensity for greater utilization at larger medical centers that have a level I or II trauma designation. Formal ASP supervision is limited, which restricted the results to CRNA reports of tasks ASP performed and perceptions of CRNAs regarding ASP. ASP tasks tended to be limited to more equipment cleaning and maintenance type tasks with a smaller portion of ASP performing tasks related to direct patient care. Overall, the description of ASP in the literature remains variable and further research is needed to adequately describe this population and begin to develop a common language to understand this practice group.

This dissertation proposes approaches that enable effective planning and control of mobile transportation resources in large-scale consolidation networks. We develop models, algorithms, and methodologies that are applied to fleet sizing and fleet repositioning. Three specific but interrelated problems are studied. The first two relate to the trade-offs between fleet size and repositioning costs in transportation resource management, while the third involves a dynamic empty repositioning problem with explicit consideration of the uncertainty of future requirements that will be revealed over time. Chapter 1 provides an overview of freight trucking, including the consolidation trucking systems that will be the focus of this research. Chapter 2 proposes an optimization modeling approach for analyzing the trade-off between the cost of a larger fleet of tractors and the cost of repositioning tractors for a trucking company operating a consolidation network, such as a less-than-truckload (LTL) company. Specifically, we analyze the value of using extra tractor repositioning moves (in addition to the ones required to balance resources throughout the network) to attain savings in the fixed costs of owning or leasing a tractor fleet during a planning horizon. The primary contributions of the research in this chapter are that (1) we develop the first optimization models that explore the impact of fleet size reductions via repositioning strategies that have regularity and repeatability properties, and (2) we demonstrate that substantial savings in operational costs can be achieved by repositioning tractors in anticipation of regional changes in freight demand. Chapter 3 studies the optimal Pareto frontiers between the fleet size and repositioning costs of resources required to perform a fixed aperiodic or periodic schedule of transportation requests. We model resource schedules in two alternative ways: as flows on event-based, time-expanded networks; and as perfect matchings on bipartite networks. The main contributions from this chapter are that (1) we develop an efficient re-optimization procedure to compute adjacent Pareto points that significantly reduces the time to compute the entire Pareto frontier of fleet size versus repositioning costs in aperiodic networks, (2) we show that the natural extension to compute adjacent Pareto points in periodic networks does not work in general as it may increase the fleet size by more than one unit, and (3) we demonstrate that the perfect matching modeling framework is frequently intractable for large-scale instances. Chapter 4 considers robust models for dynamic empty-trailer repositioning problems in very large-scale consolidation networks. We investigate approaches that deploy two-stage robust optimization models in a rolling horizon framework to address a multistage dynamic empty repositioning problem in which information is revealed over time. Using real data from a national package/parcel express carrier, we develop and use a simulation to evaluate the performance of repositioning plans in terms of unmet loaded requests and execution costs. The main contributions from this chapter are that (1) we develop approaches for embedding two-stage robust optimization models within a rolling horizon framework for dynamic empty repositioning, (2) we demonstrate that such approaches enable the solution of very large-scale instances, and (3) we show that less conservative implementations of robust optimization models are required within rolling horizon frameworks. Finally, Chapter 5 summarizes the main conclusions from this dissertation and discusses directions for further research.

Trata-se de um estudo, cujo objetivo foi avaliar o processo ensino aprendizagem das manobras de ressuscitação cardiopulmonar (RCP) com uso do desfibrilador externo automático (DEA) realizadas por graduandos da área de saúde antes e depois de um curso teórico-prático, bem como nas suas etapas intermediárias. A amostra consistiu de 84 estudantes de Cursos de Graduação da área de saúde de uma Instituição de Ensino Superior da região Noroeste do Estado de São Paulo. Dois instrumentos de avaliação foram aplicados, um para Avaliação da HABILIDADE psicomotora caracterizada por um modelo padrão (check-list) composto de 30 itens e outro para Avaliação do CONHECIMENTO caracterizado por uma prova escrita composta de 40 questões objetivas. Ambas as avaliações contemplaram conteúdos referentes às manobras de RCP com uso do DEA e foram embasadas nas Diretrizes para RCP 2005 do International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation (ILCOR). Os resultados permitiram concluir que, após a Aula Teórica, na HABILIDADE houve melhora no número de acertos em 28 dos 30 itens e aumento da pontuação, de forma significativa, apenas o item 5, do Aspecto Preliminar atingiu o índice de acertos 90%; no CONHECIMENTO houve melhora no número de acertos em 39 das 40 questões e aumento da nota, de forma significativa, as questões do Aspecto Preliminar 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 9, 20, 35; da Ventilação 6,14 ; das Compressões Cardíacas 24, 25, 27, 28 ; do Uso do DEA 23, 29, 31, 33, 34, 36, 37, 38; atingiram índices de acertos 90%. Após o Treinamento Prático, na HABILIDADE houve melhora no número de acertos em todos os 30 itens e aumento da pontuação, de forma significativa, os itens do Aspecto Compressões Cardíacas 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20; atingiram índices de acertos 90%; no CONHECIMENTO houve melhora no número de acertos em 12 das 40 questões, em apenas 04 de forma significativa, apenas a questão 27 do Aspecto Compressões Cardíacas atingiu o índice de acertos 90% e não houve alteração na nota. Após o Curso Teórico Prático (aula teórica e treinamento prático) na HABILIDADE houve melhora no número de acertos em todos os 30 itens e aumento da pontuação, de forma significativa, os itens do Aspecto Preliminar 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7; da Abertura das Vias Aéreas 8, 9; da Ventilação 10, 13 ; Compressões Cardíacas 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20 ; do Uso do DEA 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30 ; atingiram índices de acertos 90%; no CONHECIMENTO houve melhora no número de acertos em todas as 40 questões e aumento da nota, de forma significativa, as questões do Aspecto Preliminar 1, 3, 5, 9, 20; da Ventilação 6, 14, 15, 16; das Compressões Cardíacas 27 ; do Uso do DEA 23, 31, 32, 33, 34, atingiram índices de acertos 90%. / This study aims to evaluate the teaching-learning process of the cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) maneuvers using the automatic external defibrillator (AED) performed by undergraduates in the health care field before and after a theoretical-practical course (theoretical classes and practical training), as well as in its intermediate stages. The sample was composed by 84 students of graduation courses in health care field of a Private Higher Education Institution in the Northwest region of the state of São Paulo. Two assessment tools were used, one for the evaluation of the ABILITY, characterized by a standard model (check-list) composed by 30 items and another for the evaluation of the KNOWLEDGE, characterized by a written test composed by 40 objective questions. Both evaluations consider contents referring to CPR maneuvers with the use of the AED; and they were based on the 2005 CPR Guidelines from the ILCOR (International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation). The results allowed to conclude that after Theoretical Classes, in ABILITY, there was improvement in the number of correct answers, 28 out of 30 items correctly, and a significant increase in the score, only the item number 5 of the Preliminary Aspect reached the success rate of > 90%; in KNOWLEDGE, there was also improvement in the number of correct answers, 39 out of 40 questions correctly, and the significant increase of the grade; the questions numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 9, 20, 35 of the Preliminary Aspect, the numbers 6, 14 of the Ventilation, the numbers 24, 25, 27, 28 of the Cardiac Compression; the numbers 23, 29, 31, 33, 34, 36, 37, 38 of the AED use reached the success rate of 90%. After Practical Training, in ABILITY, there was improvement in the number of correct answers in all the 30 items and a significant increase in the score. The items numbers 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20 of the Cardiac Compressions reached the success rates of > 90%; in KNOWLEDGE there was improvement in the number of correct answers in 12 out of 40 questions, only in 04 it was significant. Only question number 27 of the Cardiac Compressions reached the success rate of 90% and there was no alteration in the grade. After the Theoretical-practical Course (theoretical classes and practical training), in ABILITY, there was improvement in the number of correct answers in all the 30 items and significant increase of the score. The items numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 of the Preliminary Aspect; the numbers 8 and 9 of the Airways Opening; the numbers 10 and 13 of the Ventilation; the numbers 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20 of the Cardiac Compressions; the numbers 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30 of AED use reached the success rate of > 90%; and in KNOWLEDGE there was improvement in the number of correct answers in all the 40 questions and significant increase of the grade. The questions numbers 1, 3, 5, 9, 20 of the Preliminary Aspect, numbers 6, 14, 15, 16 of the Ventilation, number 27 of the Cardiac Compressions, numbers 23, 31, 32, 33, 34 of AED use reached the success rate of > 90%.

Trata-se de um estudo, cujo objetivo foi avaliar o processo ensino aprendizagem das manobras de ressuscitação cardiopulmonar (RCP) com uso do desfibrilador externo automático (DEA) realizadas por graduandos da área de saúde antes e depois de um curso teórico-prático, bem como nas suas etapas intermediárias. A amostra consistiu de 84 estudantes de Cursos de Graduação da área de saúde de uma Instituição de Ensino Superior da região Noroeste do Estado de São Paulo. Dois instrumentos de avaliação foram aplicados, um para Avaliação da HABILIDADE psicomotora caracterizada por um modelo padrão (check-list) composto de 30 itens e outro para Avaliação do CONHECIMENTO caracterizado por uma prova escrita composta de 40 questões objetivas. Ambas as avaliações contemplaram conteúdos referentes às manobras de RCP com uso do DEA e foram embasadas nas Diretrizes para RCP 2005 do International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation (ILCOR). Os resultados permitiram concluir que, após a Aula Teórica, na HABILIDADE houve melhora no número de acertos em 28 dos 30 itens e aumento da pontuação, de forma significativa, apenas o item 5, do Aspecto Preliminar atingiu o índice de acertos 90%; no CONHECIMENTO houve melhora no número de acertos em 39 das 40 questões e aumento da nota, de forma significativa, as questões do Aspecto Preliminar 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 9, 20, 35; da Ventilação 6,14 ; das Compressões Cardíacas 24, 25, 27, 28 ; do Uso do DEA 23, 29, 31, 33, 34, 36, 37, 38; atingiram índices de acertos 90%. Após o Treinamento Prático, na HABILIDADE houve melhora no número de acertos em todos os 30 itens e aumento da pontuação, de forma significativa, os itens do Aspecto Compressões Cardíacas 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20; atingiram índices de acertos 90%; no CONHECIMENTO houve melhora no número de acertos em 12 das 40 questões, em apenas 04 de forma significativa, apenas a questão 27 do Aspecto Compressões Cardíacas atingiu o índice de acertos 90% e não houve alteração na nota. Após o Curso Teórico Prático (aula teórica e treinamento prático) na HABILIDADE houve melhora no número de acertos em todos os 30 itens e aumento da pontuação, de forma significativa, os itens do Aspecto Preliminar 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7; da Abertura das Vias Aéreas 8, 9; da Ventilação 10, 13 ; Compressões Cardíacas 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20 ; do Uso do DEA 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30 ; atingiram índices de acertos 90%; no CONHECIMENTO houve melhora no número de acertos em todas as 40 questões e aumento da nota, de forma significativa, as questões do Aspecto Preliminar 1, 3, 5, 9, 20; da Ventilação 6, 14, 15, 16; das Compressões Cardíacas 27 ; do Uso do DEA 23, 31, 32, 33, 34, atingiram índices de acertos 90%. / This study aims to evaluate the teaching-learning process of the cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) maneuvers using the automatic external defibrillator (AED) performed by undergraduates in the health care field before and after a theoretical-practical course (theoretical classes and practical training), as well as in its intermediate stages. The sample was composed by 84 students of graduation courses in health care field of a Private Higher Education Institution in the Northwest region of the state of São Paulo. Two assessment tools were used, one for the evaluation of the ABILITY, characterized by a standard model (check-list) composed by 30 items and another for the evaluation of the KNOWLEDGE, characterized by a written test composed by 40 objective questions. Both evaluations consider contents referring to CPR maneuvers with the use of the AED; and they were based on the 2005 CPR Guidelines from the ILCOR (International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation). The results allowed to conclude that after Theoretical Classes, in ABILITY, there was improvement in the number of correct answers, 28 out of 30 items correctly, and a significant increase in the score, only the item number 5 of the Preliminary Aspect reached the success rate of > 90%; in KNOWLEDGE, there was also improvement in the number of correct answers, 39 out of 40 questions correctly, and the significant increase of the grade; the questions numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 9, 20, 35 of the Preliminary Aspect, the numbers 6, 14 of the Ventilation, the numbers 24, 25, 27, 28 of the Cardiac Compression; the numbers 23, 29, 31, 33, 34, 36, 37, 38 of the AED use reached the success rate of 90%. After Practical Training, in ABILITY, there was improvement in the number of correct answers in all the 30 items and a significant increase in the score. The items numbers 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20 of the Cardiac Compressions reached the success rates of > 90%; in KNOWLEDGE there was improvement in the number of correct answers in 12 out of 40 questions, only in 04 it was significant. Only question number 27 of the Cardiac Compressions reached the success rate of 90% and there was no alteration in the grade. After the Theoretical-practical Course (theoretical classes and practical training), in ABILITY, there was improvement in the number of correct answers in all the 30 items and significant increase of the score. The items numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 of the Preliminary Aspect; the numbers 8 and 9 of the Airways Opening; the numbers 10 and 13 of the Ventilation; the numbers 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20 of the Cardiac Compressions; the numbers 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30 of AED use reached the success rate of > 90%; and in KNOWLEDGE there was improvement in the number of correct answers in all the 40 questions and significant increase of the grade. The questions numbers 1, 3, 5, 9, 20 of the Preliminary Aspect, numbers 6, 14, 15, 16 of the Ventilation, number 27 of the Cardiac Compressions, numbers 23, 31, 32, 33, 34 of AED use reached the success rate of > 90%.

No description available.

Thesis (MBA)--University of Stellenbosch, 2010. / The City of Cape Town water services is currently operating on the reactive mode and their maintenance system is not effectively and efficiently utilized. The lack of proper utilization of Physical Asset Management (PAM) has resulted in the technical department failure to meet the departmental objectives of providing planned and scheduled maintenance activities, reducing equipment downtime and ensuring planned delivery of quality spares at the appropriate time. The aim of the report is to provide guidance in the implementation of physical assets management. The report looks at different maintenance strategies available and evaluates the current operating scenarios for the department and further recommends the relevant strategy that will suit the department. Physical asset management as a maintenance program provides an effective planned and scheduled maintenance system to reduce labor and downtime. This ensures that the correct materials and parts are utilized and that the workmanship is of a high quality. A Maintenance Plan provides documented and sequenced tasks with labour and types of material required to execute the plan. Infrastructure assets are systems that serve defined operational needs, where the intention is to maintain the asset for continual use on a certain level. One of the main aspects in infrastructure network is the degree of interdependency not only within a particular asset network but also among networks. The failure of one component within a network may undermine the performance of other networks. One of the major objectives in an infrastructure network is to maintain the necessary service level through continuous maintenance while ensuring cost effectiveness The initial step is to choose certain maintenance tactics and then decide how often these tactics will be performed. The frequency of maintenance, its actions or tactics depends on the current condition of the equipment which is linked within the technical characteristics of failure and specific monitoring technique. “Regardless of the system you select, you must start from where you are and then develop an orderly series of steps to get where you want to end up, so start by assessing your current situation. The most essential ingredient in your maintenance management system is the people. An excellent system run by poorly trained or unmotivated people will be adequate at best but well trained people with positive attitudes can make an excellent system world class.”-Thomas Westerkamp

This thesis has been carried out on behalf of the department of Digital Services - SDI at Ericsson. Ericsson Software Defined Infrastructure (SDI) is a telco grade hardware management solution for cloud infrastructure. In datacenter deployments, the extra management equipment needed by the solution becomes insignificant due to the amount of equipment it manages. But the closer to the cloudedge you get, the smaller in size the deployments become, thus making the management equipment an ever-increasing share of the total deployment seize leading to inefficient resource utilization, so called overhead. Especially with Distributed Radio Access Networks (RAN) many small deployments, often only consisting of a single compute-server used to process radio, will be deployed at radio sites and/or in buildings around cities to deliver cell service. In this type of usage, the overhead of equipment management builds up cumulatively due to the numerous amounts of deployments. This overhead leads to excessive maintenance, power usage, space needs for equipment, costs, and electronic waste. The goal of this thesis was to evaluate how to reduce the overhead of equipment management in a scenario involving numerous small-capacity widely-distributed sites which are common in the 5G telco cloud. The idea was to determine if the overhead could be reduced by exploiting Baseboard Management Controllers (BMC), this was tested by designing a low-footprint and lightweight proof of concept equipment management solution and implementing a prototype of it. By testing, verifying, and analyzing the proof-of-concept solution, it was concluded that by exploiting the BMC to run a custom software service that phoned home to a centralized management server it was possible to drastically reduce the overhead in such scenarios. It also became clear that BMCs could have even more usage areas and provide even greater value if support to run third partyapplications existed among them. / Detta examensarbete har utförts på uppdrag av avdelningen Digital Services - SDI på Ericsson. Ericsson Software Defined Infrastructure (SDI) är en hårdvaruhanteringslösning av telekomkvalitetför molnifrastruktur. I datacenterinstallationer blir den extra hanteringsutrustning som behövs av lösningen obetydlig på grund av mängden utrustning den hanterar. Men ju längre ut till molnkanten du kommer, desto mindre blir storleken på installationerna, vilket gör att hanteringsutrustning blir en ständigt ökande andel av den totala installationsstorleken som leder till ineffektivt resursutnyttjande, så kallat overhead. Speciellt med Distribuerade Radio Access Nätverk (RAN) så kommer många små installationer, ofta endast bestående av en enda server som utför radiolänksberäkningar, att vara fysiskt utplacerade vidbasstationer och/eller i byggnader runt städer för att leverera och tillhandage mobiltjänster. Vid denna typ av användning ökar overheadet för utrustningshanteringen kumulativt på grund av antalet installationer. Detta overhead leder till mer underhåll och elektroniskt avfall, större utrymmesbehov för utrustning samt högre strömförbrukning och kostnader. Målet med detta examensarbete var att utvärdera hur man kan minska overheadet hosutrustningshantering när det tillämpas på ett stort antal, små decentraliserade distribuerade installationer, vilket är förekommande i telekommoln. Idén var att undersöka om overheadet kunde minskas genom att utnyttja Baseboard Management Controllers (BMC), detta testades genom att designa en liten och lättviktigt konceptlösning för utrustningshantering samt implementera en prototyp av den. Genom att testa, verifiera och analysera konceptlösningen drogs slutsatsen att det var möjligt att drastiskt minska overheaden i sådana scenarion genom att utnyttja BMC att köra en egen mjukvarutjänst, som automatiskt anslöt till en central hanteringsserver. Genom arbetet blev det också tydligt att BMC:er skulle kunna ha ännu fler användningsområden och ge ännu större värde om stödet för att köra tredjepartsapplikationer på dem var mer utbrett

With the world economy becoming unpredictable, it has become a necessity for businesses to relook at the way they do business. The world has become competitive and companies that aim to become profitable have seen the need to find ways to improve efficiencies and increase productivity to stay relevant. There has been an adoption of strategies that are aimed at improving the efficiencies in companies such as Total Productive Maintenance (TPM). The strategy is aimed at improving equipment efficiencies and increase productivity through the transfer of certain skills from maintenance personnel to operators. The aim is that the operators perform some of the activities that the maintenance people used to do and they do the more complex tasks. By transferring these skills to operators there is constant cleaning, inspections and lubricating of equipment. This frees up time for maintenance people to do planning and other jobs that require time and higher skills levels. The implementation of these activities allows companies to tap into unused capacity that was always hidden by breakdowns and unplanned stops. The process however requires commitment from management and all stakeholders involved in the organisation. There are prescribed implementation processes that can be followed or companies can follow their own processes but the fundamentals of involving people from the onset must be followed. The involvement of stakeholders creates commitment at all levels and in order to sustain this initiative people must be committed to it. The inclusion of the activities transferred from maintenance people to operators, will reinforce the knowledge and habits required from operators and perhaps sustain the initiative. / MBA, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015

With the world economy becoming unpredictable, it has become a necessity for businesses to relook at the way they do business. The world has become competitive and companies that aim to become profitable have seen the need to find ways to improve efficiencies and increase productivity to stay relevant. There has been an adoption of strategies that are aimed at improving the efficiencies in companies such as Total Productive Maintenance (TPM). The strategy is aimed at improving equipment efficiencies and increase productivity through the transfer of certain skills from maintenance personnel to operators. The aim is that the operators perform some of the activities that the maintenance people used to do and they do the more complex tasks. By transferring these skills to operators there is constant cleaning, inspections and lubricating of equipment. This frees up time for maintenance people to do planning and other jobs that require time and higher skills levels. The implementation of these activities allows companies to tap into unused capacity that was always hidden by breakdowns and unplanned stops. The process however requires commitment from management and all stakeholders involved in the organisation. There are prescribed implementation processes that can be followed or companies can follow their own processes but the fundamentals of involving people from the onset must be followed. The involvement of stakeholders creates commitment at all levels and in order to sustain this initiative people must be committed to it. The inclusion of the activities transferred from maintenance people to operators, will reinforce the knowledge and habits required from operators and perhaps sustain the initiative. / MBA, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015