Background: There are about 160 000 persons suffering from dementia in Sweden. About 80 % of all patients with dementia have sometimes behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD). The symptoms can be e.g. anxiety. National guidelines provides non pharmacological interventions before prescriptions of drugs at BPSD. Aim: The purpose of the study was to elucidate the nurse’s experiences of barriers and opportunities to use non pharmacological treatment for anxiety in older people with dementia. Method: The study has a descriptive design with quality approach. Data were collected through 11 individual semi-structured interviews. By convenience sampling, registered nurse’s working at nursing homes for people with dementia were recruited. The study took place in Sweden. Data were analyzed with by qualitative content analysis. Main Results: Two categories appeared in the result. "Barriers to use non-pharmacological measures" and "Opportunities for using non-pharmacological measures". Deficiency of documentation, lack of time and lack of skilled and knowledgeable staff perceived as barriers. It was important to have good knowledge of dementia among different members of the team. Life stories and contact person considered important. Informants told about the good care that prevents much concern and anxiety and competent staff who discovered the anxiety early put in to action as the team agreed, often with quit good result. Education was seen as a great opportunity. Conclusion: Care of person-centered approach leads to better personal knowledge enabling early non pharmacological interventions. / Bakgrund: Cirka 160000 personer lider av någon form av demenssjukdom i Sverige. Ungefär 80% av alla personer med demenssjukdom har någon gång beteendemässiga och psykiska symtom (BPSD). Symtomen kan vara exempelvis oro eller ångest. Nationella riktlinjer förordar icke farmakologiska åtgärder innan insättning av läkemedel vid BPSD. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att belysa sjuksköterskans erfarenheter av hinder och möjligheter för att använda icke farmakologisk behandling vid oro och ångest hos äldre personer med demenssjukdom. Metod: Studien har en beskrivande design med kvalitativ ansats. Data samlades in via 11 individuella semistrukturerade intervjuer. Genom bekvämlighetsurval rekryterades sjuksköterskor som var verksamma på boenden där det fanns personer med demenssjukdom i Sverige. Data analyserades med kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Huvudresultat: Två kategorier framträdde i resultatet Hinder för användning av icke farmakologiska åtgärder och Möjligheter för att använda icke farmakologiska åtgärder. Bristande dokumentation, brist på tidig omvårdnad och en brist på kunnig personal upplevdes som hinder. Det var viktigt med god demenskunskap hos alla medlemmar i teamet. Levnadsberättelser och kontaktpersoner ansågs som viktiga. Informanterna berättade om god omvårdnad som förebyggde mycket oro och ångest samt kompetent personal som upptäckte oro/ångest tidigt och satte in de åtgärder som teamet kommit överens om, vilket då ganska ofta hade gott resultat. Utbildning i demens sågs som en stor möjlighet. Slutsats: Vård med personcentrerat arbetssätt föreföll leda till bättre personkännedom vilket möjliggjorde tidiga icke farmakologiska insatser.

Frank Dobbins in memoriam In 1976 Louise Litterick proposed that Cambridge, Magdalene College, Pepys Library MS 1760 was originally prepared for Louis XII and Anne of Brittany of France but was gifted to Henry VIII of England in 1509. That the manuscript actually was prepared as a wedding gift from Louis to his third wife Mary Tudor in 1514, however, is indicated by its decorative and textual imagery, which mirrors the decoration of a book of hours given by Louis to Mary and the textual imagery used in her four royal entries. Analysis of the manuscript’s tabula and texts suggests that MS 1760 was planned by Louis’s chapelmaster Hilaire Bernonneau (d. 1524) at the king’s behest. The new theory elucidates the content and significance of Gascongne’s twelve-voice canon Ista est speciosa, which appeared beneath an original portrait of Mary Tudor and was intended to mirror the perfection of the Blessed Virgin and her ‘godchild’ Mary.

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal.

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal.

La macrofaune benthique joue un rôle majeur dans le fonctionnement biogéochimique et trophique des sédiments côtiers. Ce travail avait pour but d’évaluer le rôle de la macrofaune dans les échanges métaboliques (oxygène/ammonium) à l’interface eau-sédiment au sein de deux grandes communautés macrobenthiques présente en Manche: la communauté des sables fins à Abra alba et la communauté des graviers à Ophiothrix fragilis. Les résultats montrent que les flux d’oxygène et d’ammonium présentent des variations spatiales et saisonnières liées principalement à la granulométrie, à la température et à la modification de la quantité/qualité de la matière organique. Les flux d’irrigation obtenus (sans effet de la température et de la matière organique) sont corrélés aux caractéristiques de la macrofaune et trois hypothèses de fonctionnement s’applique au sein de ces deux communautés: diversité-stabilité, rivet-pop et idiosyncrasie. Les analyses isotopiques réalisées ont montré que les organismes benthiques assimilent le même type de matière organique et que le fonctionnement trophique de ces deux communautés est similaire. La variabilité des flux d’irrigation observée sur les sites étudiés semble être due à la présence de différentes espèces numériquement dominantes ou suffisamment bien représentées au sein des deux communautés. Il est par conséquent difficile d’établir une loi unique de fonctionnement du compartiment macrobenthique de cet espace Manche. En termes de bilan de carbone, la respiration de ces deux communautés macrobenthiques et de la communauté des sables fins à moyens propres (Ophelia borealis) représentent environ 40% de la production primaire pélagique. / Benthic macrofauna plays a major role in the trophic and iogeochemical functioning of coastal sediments. This dissertation aimed to assess the role of benthic macrofauna in metabolic changes (oxygen and ammonium) at the sediment-water interface in two major macrobenthic communities of Eastern English Channel: the fine sand Abra alba and the sandy gravels community with patches of Ophiothrix fragilis. All along the study, oxygen and ammonium fluxes presented a spatial and seasonal variability mainly related to the particle size of the sediments, to seasonal temperature increase and to changes in the quantity/quality of the organic matter.Irrigation fluxes obtained (without effect of temperature and organic matter) are correlated with macrofaunal characteristics and three functioning hypothesis may apply within these two communities: diversity-stability, pop-rivet and idiosyncrasy. Isotope analysis performed showed that benthic organisms assimilate the same type of organic matter and that the trophic functioning is similar in these two communities. The variability of irrigation fluxes could be attributed to the presence of a few numerically dominant species or adequately represented in the two communities. It is therefore difficult to establish a single law in the functioning of the macrobenthic compartment for the whole Channel area. In terms of carbon budget, the respiration of these two macrobenthic communities and medium-fine sands (Ophelia borealis) is approximately 40% of pelagic primary production.

Marginalisée et cantonnée jusqu’alors à la périphérie de la guerre froide, l’Afrique devient dans les années 1970, l’enjeu de rivalités entre les grandes puissances. Et pour cause. Les nombreuses faiblesses et l’intérêt stratégique du continent ainsi que les changements qui affectent le monde dans les années 1970 offrent aux deux grands l’occasion de s’y affronter. L’initiative de cet affrontement revient à l’Urss et à ses alliés qui, profitant de l’effacement relatif des Occidentaux, s’introduisent successivement en Afrique australe et dans la Corne de l’Afrique faisant de l’Afrique Subsaharienne un terrain de l’expansionnisme soviétique. Ces rivalités influencent considérablement la vie politique, économique et sociale du continent. De sorte que la fin de ce conflit entraîne un bouleversement du paysage politico-stratégique de la période de guerre froide et la perte de la valeur stratégique du continent. / Previously marginalized and relegated to the periphery of the cold war, Africa became in the 1970 s, the challenge of competition between major powers. And for good reason. The many weaknesses and the strategic interest of the continent and the changes that affect the world in the 1970 s offer two major an opportunity to confront each other. The initiative of this confrontation is for the USSR and allies who, taking advantage of erasure of western, introduce successively in the southern Africa and Horn of Africa and transform sub-saharan Africa in an area of soviet expansionism. This competition has considerable influence on political, economic and social point of the continent. So that the end of this conflict leads to a disruption.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T13:54:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 458311.pdf: 654167 bytes, checksum: d2c032e45eb7641da5293df32e9c1a80 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-03-27 / INTRODUCTION: Aging causes a series of bodily and psychological changes, but esthetic changes in old age are still poorly reported in the literature, these changes being related to body image, mood and quality of life. GOALS: Characterize the body image, the mood and the quality of life for women in the postmenopausal who search for a specialized esthetic treatment. METHODS: Took part in this cross-sectional study 46 women who searched aesthetic care. The following data were collected: presence of SSD (Geriatric Depression Scale: GDS-15), QOL (WHOQOL-bref), satisfaction/dissatisfaction with BI (Stunkard s silhouettes scale), age, marital status, occupation, personal and family income in minimum wages (MW), education, the duration of menopause, body mass index (BMI), reason for seeking aesthetic treatments and physical changes observed in the postmenopausal period. The data were analyzed by the Fisher test and t-student test, in addition the correlation coefficient of Pearson ou Spearman. The level of significance was 5% (p?0,05). The study was approved by CEP-PUCRS. RESULTS: The average age of the participants was 60 years and the menopause duration ranged from 5.4 to 13.7 years. There were 39 women (84,4%) insatisfied with their body images, presented scores above 70 points in all QOL s domains and 27 (69,2%) did not presented SSD. With regard to BMI, 41.3% of participants were eutrophic, 41.3% were overweight and 17.4% obese. Dissatisfaction with BI presented significant positive associations with the SSD (rs=0,367; p=0,012) and BMI (rs=0,522; p<0,001), and negative ones with the physical (rs=-0,393; p<0,01), psychological (rs=-0,355; p<0,05) and environment of QOL (rs=-0,329; p<0,05). Most searched the service only because of women aesthetic or because of aesthetic and health. Most participants (85%) showed satisfaction with the actual esthetic treatment. The main physical changes noticed in the postmenopausal were: the elasticity decrease (76.08%) and the skin oiliness (52.17%) as well as increase in facial ptosis (80.43%), facial sagging (78.26%), body fat (78.26%) body sagging (73.91%), white hair (69.50%), body weight (65.21%), skin drying (65.21%), spots on the face (56.52%) and fatigue (52.17%). CONCLUSION: The study showed that most of the evaluated women are dissatisfied with their BI, there is a high level of satisfaction with their QOL and do not presented SSD. The satisfaction with their BI is related with a better QOL, least likelihood of presenting SSD, lower BMI and higher income. These women sought treatment primarily for aesthetic and health issues, and most of them are satisfied with the treatment. / INTRODU??O: O envelhecimento provoca uma s?rie de altera??es corporais e psicol?gicas, por?m altera??es est?ticas na velhice ainda s?o pouco relatadas na literatura, estando essas altera??es relacionadas ? imagem corporal (IC), humor e qualidade de vida (QV). OBJETIVOS: Caracterizar quanto ? imagem corporal, ao humor e ? qualidade de vida (QV) as mulheres p?s-menop?usicas que buscam atendimento est?tico especializado. M?TODOS: Estudo transversal com 46 mulheres que buscaram atendimento est?tico. Foram utilizados a Escala de Depress?o Geri?trica - GDS-15, WHOQOL bref, Escala de Silhuetas de Stunkard, al?m de um question?rio relacionado ? idade, estado civil, ocupa??o, renda pessoal e familiar, escolaridade, tempo de menopausa, ?ndice de Massa Corporal (IMC), raz?o pela procura de tratamento est?tico e mudan?as f?sicas percebidas no per?odo da p?s-menopausa. Os dados foram analisados pelo teste exato de Fisher e teste t-student, al?m do coeficiente de correla??o de Pearson ou Spearman. O n?vel de signific?ncia foi de 5% (p?0,05). O estudo foi aprovado pelo CEPPUCRS. RESULTADOS: A m?dia de idade das participantes foi de 60 anos e o tempo de menopausa variou de 5,4 a 13,7 anos. Verificou-se que 39 mulheres (84,8%) est? insatisfeita com sua IC, apresentou escores superiores a 70 pontos em todos os dom?nios da QV, e 27 (69,2%) n?o apresentou SSD. Em rela??o ao IMC, 41,3% das participantes eram eutr?ficas, 17,4% obesas e 41,3% apresentaram sobrepeso. A insatisfa??o com a IC apresentou associa??o positiva com os SSD (rs=0,367; p=0,012) e com o IMC (rs=0,522; p<0,001), e negativas com os dom?nios f?sico (rs=-0,393; p<0,01), psicol?gico (rs=-0,355; p<0,05) e ambiente (rs=-0,329; p<0,05) da QV. A maioria das mulheres buscou o servi?o por raz?es est?ticas somente (41,3%) ou por raz?es est?ticas e de sa?de (41,3%). Verificou-se que 85% da amostra apresentou satisfa??o com o tratamento est?tico atual, sendo que as principais mudan?as f?sicas percebidas foram diminui??o da elasticidade (76,08%) e oleosidade da pele (52,17%), aumento da ptose facial (80,43%), flacidez facial (78,26%), gordura corporal (78,26%), flacidez corporal (73,91%), cabelos brancos (69,50%), peso corporal (65,21%), ressecamento da pele (65,21%), manchas na face (56,52%) e cansa?o (52,17%). CONCLUS?O: O estudo mostrou que a maioria das mulheres avaliadas s?o insatisfeitas com a sua IC, t?m alto n?vel de satisfa??o com sua QV e n?o apresentam SSD. Nelas a satisfa??o com a IC est? relacionada ? melhor QV, menor probabilidade de apresentar SSD, menor IMC e maior renda. Essas mulheres buscaram atendimento principalmente por quest?es de est?tica e sa?de, estando, em sua maioria, satisfeitas com o tratamento.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T13:54:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 462082.pdf: 1607084 bytes, checksum: ebb1903e26cf17d97cddd7626a121a40 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-08-05 / Introduction: Aging is a matter of prime importance, not only globally, but for the Brazilian reality. Whether due to genetic inheritance or the bone structure, some people just get old better than others. It is important to keep in mind that the lifestyle is a serious determinant of how a person will age. Taking good care of yourself, in general, help the skin as well as the rest of the body, aging as well as possible. The welfare of the aesthetic vision is an important part of our overall good health. Among many factors and aiming at the physical and psychological well-being of the individual, it becomes increasingly important to encourage active aging policies and programs, ensuring the continuation of a productive, healthy life. Objectives: Investigate what really means the aesthetic quality of life in elderly people. Methods: This study will be qualitative with quantitative with descriptive analysis T, the relationship between quality of life and aesthetics. The method guides for the use of a structured questionnaire consisting of 26 questions drawn with predominantly closed questions (WHOQOL-BREF), quantitative part, and a questionnaire and semi-structured interviews with guided questions, qualitative part. The search allows to scale markets, meet demographic, social and economic profile, partner of a population, among other possibilities. An Interpretative non-experimental approach with an exploratory study of a convenience sample. All statistical data analysis was conducted in SPSS 20 software and the &#945; level of significance was set at 5%. The data will be summarized according to their frequencies and descriptive measures. The analysis of variance of the domains relative to the effect variable will be analyzed by ANOVA One-Way Test. The study was approved by CEP-PUCRS. Results: The study had the participation of 49 elderly patients with the average age of 69.08, most of them were women (30) which means 61.2%. The education level predominated was higher education with 16 (32.7%) eldery, with a significant majority of married elderly 30 (61.2%). The majority, 43 elderly (87.6%), performs care for their aesthetic, and 85.7% somehow believes that aesthetics affects the quality of life and health. Conclusion: Were identified two elderly profiles in data collected relating quality of life and aesthetics, and most mentioned the importance of aesthetics; and a small group don t perceive any importance. The present study showed that, for the vast majority of the elderly participants, performing actions on their physical care, and cosmetic / self care / self-esteem, and relationship is important to their quality of life and well being. / Introdu??o: O envelhecimento ? um assunto de import?ncia primordial, n?o somente a n?vel mundial, mas para a realidade brasileira. Seja devido ?s heran?as gen?ticas ou ? estrutura ?ssea, algumas pessoas simplesmente envelhecem melhor que outras. ? importante ter em mente que o estilo de vida ? um s?rio determinante de como a pessoa vai envelhecer. Cuidar bem de si pr?prio, de forma geral, ajudar? a pele, assim como o resto do corpo, a envelhecer t?o bem quanto poss?vel. O bem estar da vis?o est?tica ? uma parte importante de nosso bom estado geral de sa?de. Dentre tantos fatores e tamb?m visando ao bem-estar f?sico e psicol?gico do indiv?duo, torna-se cada vez mais relevante estimular pol?ticas e programas de envelhecimento ativo, garantindo a continuidade de uma vida produtiva, saud?vel e com qualidade. Objetivos: Investigar o que a est?tica representa na qualidade de vida de indiv?duos idosos. M?todos: O presente estudo ser? qualitativo com quantitativo, com an?lise T descritiva, na rela??o entre qualidade de vida e est?tica. O m?todo orienta para a utiliza??o de um question?rio composto de 26 quest?es estruturado predominantemente elaborado com quest?es fechadas (WHOQOL bref), parte quantitativa, e um question?rio de entrevista semiestruturada com perguntas norteadas, parte qualitativa. A pesquisa permite dimensionar mercados, conhecer perfil s?cio demogr?fico, social e econ?mico de uma popula??o, entre outras possibilidades. Uma abordagem interpretativa n?o experimental com um estudo explorat?rio de amostra por conveni?ncia. Todo tratamento estat?stico dos dados foi realizado no software IBM SPSS 20, e o n?vel de signific?ncia &#945; adotado foi de 5%. Os dados ser?o resumidos segundo suas medidas descritivas e frequ?ncias. A an?lise de vari?ncia dos dom?nios em rela??o ? vari?vel efeito ser? analisada pelo teste ANOVA One-Way. O estudo foi aprovado pelo CEP-PUCRS. Resultados: O estudo teve a participa??o de 49 idosos com m?dia de idade de 69,08, sendo a maior parte do sexo feminino: 30 idosas 61,2%. Quanto ? escolaridade dos idosos, predominou o ensino superior: 16 (32,7%), com uma maioria significativa de idosos casados 30 (61,2%). A maioria, 43 idosos (87,6%), realiza cuidados para sua est?tica, e 85,7% de alguma forma acredita que a est?tica tem influ?ncia na qualidade de vida e na sa?de. Conclus?o: Foram identificados dois perfis de idosos, segundo dados coletados relacionando qualidade de vida e est?tica, sendo que a maioria mencionou a import?ncia da est?tica; e um pequeno grupo que n?o v? import?ncia. O presente estudo mostrou que, para a grande maioria dos idosos participantes, a realiza??o de a??es por seu cuidado f?sico, e a est?tica/autocuidado/autoestima, tem import?ncia e rela??o com sua qualidade de vida e seu bem estar.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T13:54:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 407021.pdf: 563663 bytes, checksum: e14cdf3a4590b547ff6819d289ac442b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-10-30 / O trabalho aqui apresentado tem por objetivo central estudar a id?ia de temporalidade no ?mbito da est?tica do fil?sofo Emmanuel Levinas. ? estudado, de forma cronol?gica, o per?odo que se extende desde 1948 - ?poca da primeira formula??o, no atigo La r?alit? et son ombre - do que se poderia chamar de uma est?tica levinasiana - at? 1974, ano em que ? publicada aquela por muitos ? considerada a obra de maturidade do autor, Autrement qu ?tre ou au-del? de l essence. De modo a tornar expl?cita a quest?o da temporalidade, o desenvolvimento dos conceitos de sensibilidade e de linguagem, t?o importantes para a teoria levianasiana, ? investigado de modo cuidadoso. Busca-se, por fim, apresentar os diversos lugares que Levinas atribui ao artista e a sua produ??o: desde a obra como sombra da realidade (1948) at? a arte como exposi??o mesma da ess?ncia (1974).

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T13:55:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 442269.pdf: 997355 bytes, checksum: ebfde65995302e74261a48d4ca168842 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-08-10 / Dans ce travail nous pr?sentons la th?se selon laquelle, en raison des ruptures que nous avons fait ? l'?gard de notre pass?, nous ne pouvons pas, aujourd'hui, interpr?ter notre histoire afin de maintenir un r?cit de l'avenir ouvert ? l'alt?rit?, ? la subjectivit? m?me. Nous prenons comme point de d?part la pr?occupation sur la capacit? d'interpr?ter notre histoire, de la traduire dans un r?cit qui nous permet de prendre le r?le de critiques de notre temps. ? cette fin, nous faisons usage de quatre auteurs dont les racines sont fortement creus?s dans une sorte de malaise avec le d?j? donn? : Sigmund Freud, Ernst Bloch, Emmanuel Levinas et Walter Benjamin. ? sa propre fa?on, chacun de ces penseurs a reconnu l'insuffisance des concepts pour rendre compte de la vie, chacun a propos? que le propre du monde est justement ?tre travers? par une temporalit? qui arrache ? la r?alit? la s?ret? d'une histoire d?j? racont?e, en la restituant, donc, son originalit?, sa capacit? ? toujours dire quelque chose de diff?rent. / Neste trabalho procuramos apresentar a tese de que devido ? ruptura que fizemos com rela??o ao nosso passado somos incapazes, hoje em dia, de interpretarmos a nossa hist?ria a fim de sustentar uma narrativa de futuro aberta ? alteridade, ou seja, ? pr?pria subjetividade. Tomamos como ponto de partida a preocupa??o com a capacidade que ainda temos de interpretar a nossa hist?ria, de traduzi-la em uma narrativa que nos autorize a ocupar o lugar de cr?ticos de nossos tempos. Para tanto, nos valemos de quatro autores cujas ra?zes est?o fortemente escavadas em uma esp?cie de inquieta??o com o j? dado, com o j? estabelecido: Sigmund Freud, Ernst Bloch, Emmanuel Levinas e Walter Benjamin. A seu modo, cada um destes pensadores acusou a insufici?ncia dos conceitos para dar conta da pr?pria vida, ou seja, prop?s que o pr?prio do mundo ? justamente ser atravessado por uma temporalidade que arranca ? realidade a certeza parda de uma hist?ria j? contada, restituindo-lhe, assim, a sua originalidade, a sua capacidade de sempre dizer algo diferente.