Examinations have long been adopting for the selection of the public officials and become an essential tradition in our country. For centuries, the examination system, incorporated with fairness, has served as the recruitment mechanism and its functions and value still remain. The Senior Civil Service Examination traces its roots to the traditional examination systems and has become the most important examination. In order to recommend the brightest and ablest for the notion¡¦s recruitment and service, it is necessary to look into the background and the implementation status of the Senior Civil Service Examination system after seven decades since its establishment, while reviewing its capacity in response to the changes of the external environment. In addition, the reengineering of the examination system from the western countries to meet the challenges of new century is also the subject of the concern. This paper has three purposes. First, investigate the establishment and the current development of the Senior Civil Examination and explore its implementation and the potential problems. Second, research the recruiting system from other counties such as United Kingdom, United States, Germany, French, and Japan, etc. and take their experience as the reference. Last but not least, provide a feasible proposal to improve the effectiveness of our existing Senior Civil Examination for the public officials. Three different methodologies are used in this paper, the Document Analysis method, the Comparative method, and the In-depth interviewing method. The objective of this paper is to propose a suggestion of innovation and development for our existing Senior Civil Examination system for the public officials in regard to aspects such as the implementation status of our current examination systems and the experience learned from other countries. Keywords: the public officials, examination, the examination system, the Senior Civil Service Examination, background¡C

The focus of the research study was breast selfexamination. A randomized sample of 400 women living in Fort Wayne, Indiana and employed by a large corporation were surveyed to determine the relationship between frequency of breast self-examination and Health Belief Model variables. Susceptibility, seriousness, benefits, barriers and health motivation were measured by scales developed by Champion (1984). The instrument had been tested for reliability and validity.The variable of exercise was examined to determine if a relationship existed between exercise and frequency of breast self-examination. Individual items measured the frequency of breast self-examination and the methods of instruction.Multiple regression analysis demonstrated that the variables of barriers and seriousness accounted for 27% of the variance for prediction of breast selfexamination. An insignificant Chi Square was obtained for the relationship between exercise and breast selfexamination. No demographic variables evidenced significance with breast self-examination.The findings of the study evidenced a relationship between the Health Belief Model and breast self-examination, thus supporting the theoretical framework of the study. / School of Nursing

Typescript, etc. / Digitized by Kansas State University Libraries

The definition of the situation is important to observers in everyday social interaction. From the identity of the social actor, the observer attempts to fill in details about the situation. From this "going beyond the information given", the observer defines the situation. The definition then allows the observer to make predictions about the social actor and the situation. Going beyond the information given is referred to as a situational construal (Dunning 1989). The individual forms a concrete image of the situation, resolving ambiguities through construals. However, a still unanswered question has remained: What determines the construals? In this study, affect and construals are linked together. Through the identity of the actor, affect can be linked to expectations, which are used to fill in information. Affect control theory is one theory linking affect to other elements of the situation, such as the relationships between identity, behavior and emotion. The observer has stored knowledge linking identities with affective meanings that generate role behaviors in specific situations, associating identity with specific behavioral expectations. Emotion displays assist the observer in inferring the identities of social actors. One specific situation in which affect and construals are evident is the criminal situation. The criminal situation has ambiguities for which decisions must be made by various observers throughout the criminal justice process. In this study, affect control theory's application to the criminal justice system focuses on inferences made during a probation officer's presentence report, specifically the recommended sentence. Probation officers and undergraduate students respond to vignettes of a criminal situation. In Study 1, undergraduates, after reading a presentence report with criminal and victim statements, assign punishment and answer questions regarding the criminal case. Study 2 replicates Study 1 with probation officers. Study 3 further tests the influence of knowledge structures on construals. Results demonstrate a link between identity and construals. Results answer questions about how the probation officer resolves ambiguities in reaching a recommended sentence. The influence of various knowledge structures is also demonstrated. The cognitive process model applied to the probation officers and the students can be generalized to observers of other situations. One explanation of situational construal is demonstrated.

No description available.

The comprehension of English plays a significant role in Lesotho’s education system, as it determines students’ access into tertiary studies. Teachers of English therefore have an important role to play in developing students’ English reading comprehension skills. The COSC examinations provide a formal assessment of reading comprehension in English. This study investigates how Lesotho English teachers teach and assess reading comprehension to meet the requirements of the COSC English examination in six selected Lesotho high schools. Data was collected through interviews and the reading comprehension tasks that the six teachers devised for COSC students. They also drew marking memoranda for the tasks. Five selected COSC English past question papers were also analysed against the tasks devised by teachers. The results indicated that all the six teachers did not teach effective reading strategies to students. Although they asked questions of high instruction in the tasks, the data collected also reflected that teachers did not teach students to read as text users nor text analysts. This also was the case with the five selected COSC past question papers that were analysed. Both the COSC questions and the teachers asked questions that tested readers’ roles as text participants. Recommendations in this study are that another research be made on teaching English as a subject which will encompass other elements of English teaching which were not within the scope of this research report.

Disposable gloves are often used by the perpetrators of a crime to prevent the deposition of fingerprints and epithelial cells at a crime scene. When removed and discarded at the scene, these items of evidence are often analyzed by a Trace Evidence Unit. By evaluating basic physical and chemical characteristics, a comparison to a known glove can be made. However, it is unclear whether temperature and weather conditions at a crime scene can alter the characteristics of the glove, and have a detrimental effect on this evidence comparison. In this study, a variety of disposable gloves made of nitrile rubber, natural rubber latex, and polyvinyl chloride were studied to assess the relationship between environmental conditions and polymer characteristics. Samples were placed in evidence envelopes or immersed in distilled water at three different temperatures, and were analyzed after 0, 3, and 6 weeks. Analysis included thickness measurements, stereomicroscopy, and Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Results demonstrate that disposable gloves are susceptible to physical changes when exposed to various conditions. A majority of gloves exhibited an increase in thickness measurements at a variety of temperature and moisture conditions. Several gloves — spanning all types and different brands — displayed subtle changes in surface texture and spectral data. Analysis was complicated by the fact that no glove is 100% polymer, but instead contains a variety of additives, including stabilizers, plasticizers, and dyes. Additional characterization with a quantifiable separatory method, such as Pyrolysis-Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry, is therefore recommended to further elucidate the changes that can occur.

No description available.

published_or_final_version / Medicine / Master / Doctor of Medicine

No description available.