This study aims at covering the perpetrators, victims and Sweden's society. The main issue is to examine how these categorization portrayed in the biggest newspaper in Sweden, Aftonbladet. To conduct the survey we have used a critical discourse analysis. The empirical material consists of 55 strategically selected news articles and 127 images related to the analyzed articles. In order to identify discourses we chose to use the following analytical concepts: We, they, include, exclude, ideal offender, ideal victim, the victims who survived and the ideal society to apply the investigation. With these concepts, we were able to identify five discourses and analyse how the perpetrators, victims, survivors and society were represented in the articles. In our conclousion, we found out that Sweden's society gets the largest space in the news texts. The representation of the perpetrator is depicted on the basis of different time aspects. In the first insight, the suspected perpetrator is presented as a father of four children who lived in Sweden to support his family, who remained in their homeland. In the second insight he is conceived as a stranger and a insane human. As far as the victims are concerned, they are usually reflected as saints and they are rewarded by loveful words.

This study aims at covering the perpetrators, victims and Sweden's society. The main issue is to examine how these categorization portrayed in the biggest newspaper in Sweden, Aftonbladet. To conduct the survey we have used a critical discourse analysis. The empirical material consists of 55 strategically selected news articles and 127 images related to the analyzed articles. In order to identify discourses we chose to use the following analytical concepts: We, they, include, exclude, ideal offender, ideal victim, the victims who survived and the ideal society to apply the investigation. With these concepts, we were able to identify five discourses and analyse how the perpetrators, victims, survivors and society were represented in the articles. In our conclousion, we found out that Sweden's society gets the largest space in the news texts. The representation of the perpetrator is depicted on the basis of different time aspects. In the first insight, the suspected perpetrator is presented as a father of four children who lived in Sweden to support his family, who remained in their homeland. In the second insight he is conceived as a stranger and a insane human.  As far as the victims are concerned, they are usually reflected as saints and they are rewarded by loveful words.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T18:23:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Sueli Salles Fidalgo.pdf: 1631454 bytes, checksum: acbb56e7cdb30b20c31a50b49277b291 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-12-21 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This thesis dissertation was carried out in the intersection of the Critical Applied Linguistics (Rajagopalan, 2003), Critical Theory (Habermas, 1985, Heller, 1970) and Critical Pedagogy (Freire, 1970) areas of knowledge production. It aims at investigating the language employed either to include or exclude the members of educational contexts in Brazil. This is seen in the school organization, historically speaking, through the analysis of laws and public policies that have, traditionally been prescribing the work developed within the public school environment. In other words, this dissertation aims at discussing school inclusion as it has been practiced throughout history, and, more precisely, in the last few years, when the term has been defined and implemented, so as to verify if, by what means and in which instances the project of school inclusion has led to social inclusion especially of educators and students. Theoretically speaking the text is base don the dialogical understanding of language (Bakhtin/Volochinov, 1929), the theory of communicative action (Habermas, 1985), the historical constructs of social and school organization (Schwarcz, 1993; Patto, 1999; Hobsbawn, 1995), developmental constructs (Vygotsky, 1930, 1934; Leontiev, 1959), a collaborative perspective of teacher education (Magalhães, 2005) so as to strengthen the understanding of what might be an inclusive practice. In order to discuss a possible inclusive practice, one would evidently have to discuss issues that historically have been the chore of exclusion, since inclusion would never have become an issue for laws and discourses if not for the predominance of exclusion in our society. In methodological terms, this dissertation is based on a critical perspective as well, i.e., it is a piece of work that aims at contributing to the transformation of the status quo. Its methodology is then partially defined by the Critical Hermeneutic concepts (Ricouer, 1986) and, partially, by a Critical-Collaborative perspective (Magalhães, 2002a, 2002b, 2005) the former as a means to understanding data generation and treatment and the latter relating to the means by which the project was re-designed several times by the joint action of participants. The data reveals that school inclusion, in Sao Paulo, is not leading to the social inclusion of children. Besides it has been leading to the exclusion of teachers who are not being educated to work within the current school diversity / Inserido na intersecção da Lingüística Aplicada Crítica (Rajagopalan, 2003), da Teoria Crítica da produção do conhecimento (Habermas, 1985, Heller, 1970) e da Pedagogia Crítica (Freire, 1970), este trabalho tem por objetivo investigar a linguagem inclusiva ou excludente que permeia a formação de nossa escola, as leis e políticas públicas que prescrevem o trabalho educacional e as práticas escolares propriamente ditas. Em outras palavras, busca discutir a inclusão escolar ao longo da história da formação da escola brasileira e, nos últimos tempos, o percurso da educação inclusiva, suas definições e implementações, para verificar como e em que instâncias a proposta possibilitaria a inclusão social dos agentes envolvidos principalmente alunos e educadores. Teoricamente, o texto discute a compreensão dialógica da linguagem (Bakhtin/Volochinov, 1929), a teoria da ação comunicativa (Habermas, 1985), concepções históricas de formação social e escolar (Schwarcz, 1993; Patto, 1999; Hobsbawn, 1995), concepções acerca do desenvolvimento (Vygotsky, 1930, 1934; Leontiev, 1959), a formação do educador por uma perspectiva colaborativa (Magalhães, 2005) para fortalecer a compreensão do que seria uma prática inclusiva. É evidente que para chegar a uma prática inclusiva, o trabalho aborda questões excludentes historicamente marcadas já que a inclusão não seria necessariamente assinalada em leis e em discursos se a exclusão não estivesse tão presente em nossa sociedade. Em termos metodológicos, este trabalho se pauta em uma perspectiva crítica o fazer pesquisa, ou seja, é um trabalho que visa contribuir para a transformação do estado da arte. No entanto, sua metodologia se define, parcialmente, pela hermenêutica crítica (Ricouer, 1986) e, parcialmente, por uma perspectiva colaborativo-crítica (Magalhães, 2002a, 2002b, 2005) a primeira dizendo respeito à forma como as entrevistas foram conduzidas e analisadas (ao tratamento dos dados, propriamente) e a segunda, à forma como o projeto foi re-elaborado pela ação conjunta dos participantes. Os dados revelam que a inclusão escolar (1) não tem levado a uma inclusão social e (2) tem causado a exclusão de muitos educadores por não estarem sendo formados para trabalhar com a diversidade que ora têm em suas salas de aula

How should Australian criminal trial courts treat evidence deriving from illegally or improperly obtained evidence? The fact that derivative evidence gives rise to factors distinct from primary evidence makes it deserving of an examination of its peculiarities. In doing so, the assumption may be put aside that derivative evidence falls wholly within the established general discourse of illegally or improperly obtained evidence. Just as the judicial response to primary evidence must be intellectually rigorous, disciplined and principled, so must be the response to derivative evidence. As such, a principled analysis of how Australian courts should approach derivative evidence can significantly contribute to the discourse on the law with respect to the exclusion of illegally or improperly obtained evidence. This thesis provides that principled analysis by arguing that the principles which underpin and inform the discretionary exclusionary frameworks within Australia require an approach which is consistent as between illegally obtained derivative evidence and illegally obtained primary evidence.

Work suggests detailed progress statistical acceprance products in serial story production inclusive take - over plan and operational characteristics.

No description available.

Text in Afrikaans / "Free people expect much from their police. In such societies the police stand at the point of balance on the one hand securing human rights on the other exercising their lawful powers given to them by Governments in the name of the people, to protect people and their institutions" (J Alderson Human Rights and Police Rights. Publication of the Council of Europe.) This is no small expectation. It means that the police are expected to maintain and secure the principles of democracy and human rights, the principles upon which our Constitution is based. At the same time it is the duty of a police service to maintain law and order which sometimes require the exercise of power and the use of force which on the face of it may appear to violate human dignity and certain rights and freedoms which a police force is expected to maintain in a democratic society. The manner of exercising that power has an impact on the credibility and effectiveness of the police. Human rights law internationally accepts that a police service needs to be given the power to, at times restrict certain individual freedoms in the interests of the security of the community at large. These restrictions may take place only in a constitutional way. If it takes place in an unconstitutional way the courts must have the right to exclude evidence which is unconstitutionally obtained. At this stage the courts have to formulate such a qualified exclusionary rule, but the ultimate goal must be to include such an exclusionary rule in a future Constitution. / Department of Criminal & Procedural Law / LL.M.

The excellent electrical and mechanical properties of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) provide interesting opportunities to realize new types of strain gauges. However, there are still challenges for the further development of CNT film strain gauges, for instance the lack of design rules, the homogeneity, stability and reproducibility of CNT films. This thesis aims to address these issues from two sides: simulation and experiment. Monte Carlo simulations show that both the sheet resistance and gauge factor of CNT films are determined essentially by the two-dimensional exclude area of CNTs. It was shown, for the first time, that the variation of the CNT film gauge factor follows the percolation scaling law. The sheet resistance and gauge factor both have a power-law divergence when approaching the percolation threshold. The standard deviation of film resistances, however, also increases correspondingly. These findings of simulations provide a general guide to the tailoring of material property of CNT films in strain sensing applications: a compromise should be made between the reproducibility, conductivity and sensitivity of CNT films depending on application purposes. From the experimental side, the processing parameters for the preparation of CNT dispersions were first investigated and optimized. The reproducibility of the film resistance is significantly improved by selecting a suitable sonication time. In strain measurements it was found that for most CNT films the film resistance responses nonlinearly to the applied strain. The dependence of the film resistance on the strain can be roughly divided into two regions with nearly linear behavior respectively. The gauge factor varies with the quality of CNTs and the depositing method. A gauge factor up to 8 was achieved in the high strain region. The nonlinear response behavior was found in simulations when the CNT waviness is properly taken into account. To achieve a high gauge factor and simultaneously retain the high conductivity and reproducibility, good-quality MWCNTs were integrated in polyethylene oxide (PEO). A high gauge factor up to 10 was achieved for the composite film with CNT weight fraction of 2.5%. The resistance and gauge factor can be tuned by changing the MWCNT weight fraction with respect to PEO. A careful comparison of simulation and experiment results show that a good qualitative agreement can be achieved between them in many respects.

Text in Afrikaans / "Free people expect much from their police. In such societies the police stand at the point of balance on the one hand securing human rights on the other exercising their lawful powers given to them by Governments in the name of the people, to protect people and their institutions" (J Alderson Human Rights and Police Rights. Publication of the Council of Europe.) This is no small expectation. It means that the police are expected to maintain and secure the principles of democracy and human rights, the principles upon which our Constitution is based. At the same time it is the duty of a police service to maintain law and order which sometimes require the exercise of power and the use of force which on the face of it may appear to violate human dignity and certain rights and freedoms which a police force is expected to maintain in a democratic society. The manner of exercising that power has an impact on the credibility and effectiveness of the police. Human rights law internationally accepts that a police service needs to be given the power to, at times restrict certain individual freedoms in the interests of the security of the community at large. These restrictions may take place only in a constitutional way. If it takes place in an unconstitutional way the courts must have the right to exclude evidence which is unconstitutionally obtained. At this stage the courts have to formulate such a qualified exclusionary rule, but the ultimate goal must be to include such an exclusionary rule in a future Constitution. / Department of Criminal and Procedural Law / LL.M.

博士(法学) / 甲第520号 / x, vi, 227p / Hitotsubashi University(一橋大学)