Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1994. / Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1994. / Includes bibliographical references.

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No / In the UK, it is estimated that there are over 16,000 people under 65 years with dementia. These people often have children still living at home and previous research indicates that 75% of parents report that their children have suffered psychological or emotional problems as a consequence of a parent having dementia. This study interviewed 12 participants aged 13 to 23 years, whose father had younger onset dementia. Grounded theory methodology identified five major themes: damage of dementia, reconfiguration of relationships, caring, strain and coping. An overarching theme of one day at a time, reflecting a response to the perception of severe threats in the future, appeared to run throughout the young people’s experiences. It is suggested that the emergent grounded theory has some similarity to stress-process models of caregiving with distinctive features arising from the interaction of young onset dementia and the developmental stage of the young people.

Thesis advisor: Eric Dearing / Recent decades have seen historic increases in maternal employment. The developmental implications of work-family conflict, however, remain poorly understood. Children's (<italic>n</italic>= 1,364) social-emotional problems through early childhood and pre-adolescence were examined as a function of mother's work-family conflict using longitudinal data from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development (NICHD SECCYD). Hierarchical linear modeling techniques were utilized to examine the lagged and contemporaneous associations between work-family conflict and children's social-emotional outcomes (i.e., internalizing and externalizing problems). Furthermore, family stress processes--maternal depression and maternal sensitivity--were examined as mediators of the associations between work-family conflict and social-emotional outcomes. Developmental timing of work-family conflict (i.e., child age) was also examined as a moderator of associations between conflict and social-emotional growth. Results indicated that within-family changes in work-family conflict predicted later within-child changes in children's internalizing problems in lagged models. With regard to between-family differences, average work-family conflict was associated with both average levels of internalizing and externalizing problems. Maternal depression and maternal sensitivity mediated the association between work-family conflict and children's externalizing problems between-families; maternal depression mediated the association between work-family conflict and children's internalizing problems between-families. There was little evidence to suggest, however, that the effects of work-family conflict differed as a function of developmental timing. Results from this research suggest that the developmental consequences of work-family conflict may not be immediate, but rather accrue over time. Moreover, results indicate that the effects of work-family conflict are both direct and indirect via family stress processes. These findings are further discussed regarding their implications for developmental research, policy and practice. / Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2012. / Submitted to: Boston College. Lynch School of Education. / Discipline: Counseling, Developmental, and Educational Psychology.

Thesis advisor: Ruth McRoy / Thesis advisor: Linnie Green Wright / Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) prevalence rates have risen dramatically over the past decade and boys are five times more likely to be diagnosed than girls. Prior research on children with ASD includes samples that are overwhelmingly male, but does indicate that girls with high-functioning ASD may have distinct needs and profiles. This study begins to address this gap in the research through a qualitative study of eleven families with an adolescent daughter with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder. The family is the primary unit of analysis and the study focuses on the following: (a) families' experience with the diagnostic process (b) families' management of their daughter's adjustment to adolescence, and(c) the impact of the ASD on family well-being. Family stress theory was the conceptual framework used to guide the study. Using grounded theory with a supplemental quantitative data strand, the study involved forty in-depth semi-structured interviews. Parents completed the Stress Index for Parents of Adolescents (SIPA) and a demographic questionnaire. Findings indicate that parenting a daughter with ASD could be categorized as a chronic stressor. The majority of parents endorsed clinically significant levels of stress on the SIPA. The mean age of ASD diagnosis was 8.7 years, well above the most recent (2014) Centers for Disease Control findings (6.3 years). Delayed and misdiagnosis for girls with ASD resulted in significant stress for families and reduced access to appropriate intervention. A shift in perception of the ASD from an acute to a chronic stressor allowed families to move toward acceptance and adaptation. The study findings support the need for a family centered model of assessment and intervention. Social workers in schools and in early intervention programs can play a critical role in providing education and support for families. / Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2014. / Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Social Work. / Discipline: Social Work.

Extensive literature suggests that Latino youth experience higher levels of depression when compared to youth from other ethnic backgrounds yet relatively little is known regarding why this particular population is especially susceptible to depression. This study focused on family level stressors and the link between interparental conflict and adolescent depressive symptoms in Latino families. The sample consisted of 400 girls and 290 boys, they were distributed into four groups based on gender and family structure. Written surveys were completed in their respective English classes measuring the aforementioned variables. Results indicated a significant relationship across all four groups between family stressors and interparental conflict, along with interparental conflict and depression. Implications and directions for future research are discussed.

This study examines the relations between depressive symptom expression and cultural and family contexts among adolescent females from different ethnic groups. Specifically, ethnic identity, parenting style, family stress and the quality of parent-adolescent relationships were examined as potential protective factors for depressive symptom expression among a diverse group of female adolescents. This study addressed the following research questions: 1) Are there ethnic group differences in depressive symptom expression across Latina, African American and Asian adolescent females? 2) Are there ethnic group differences in the association of family processes with depressive symptom expression across these three ethnic groups? 3) Regardless of ethnic group membership, does ethnic identity moderate the association of family processes with depressive symptoms? The sample consisted of 93 female high school students. Overall, 30% of participants reported depressive symptoms in the moderate to severe range. The results of this study indicate that there are few statistically significant differences in depressive symptom expression across Latina, African American and Asian participants; however, Latina participants consistently reported the highest rates of depressive symptoms. Family stress and authoritative parenting style were significant predictors of depressive symptom expression, such that participants of all ethnicities who reported high levels of depressive symptoms also reported high levels of family stress and low levels of authoritative parenting. No ethnic group differences were found for authoritative parenting, family stress or ethnic identity indicating that these processes were comparable across ethnic groups. These results indicate that family process variables are important predictors of depressive symptoms in adolescent females, which lead to recommendations that adolescent treatment of depressive disorders should include family therapy. In addition, due to the 30% prevalence rate of depression in this study, it is recommended that mental health professionals and school systems collaborate in order to offer outreach programs through local schools. INDEX WORDS: Adolescents, Depression, Ethnic minorities, Authoritative parenting, Family stress, Ethnic identity

This paper is a follow-up study about working students¡¦ job stress, family stress, and time allocation based on Tsai(2004) and Shian(2001)¡¦s studies. Job stress, family stress, and time allocation are found differing among working students of different gender and family life cycles. We further study the interaction caused by these two independent variables. In this paper, we also set ¡§nationality¡¨ as another independent variable to compare the different characteristics between Taiwan and the USA. Several important findings as following: 1. Exercise time is a critical variable to discriminate high-stressed and low- stressed group. In the USA sample we also find gender and needs of taking time off from work to school are indicators, and marriage status in the Taiwan sample. 2. Job and family stress are influenced by the interaction between gender and nationality. American females have higher family stress than males. Taiwanese males have higher job and family stress than American males. 3. Time allocation is influenced by the interaction between gender and family life cycle, and the interaction between nationality and family life cycle. Before children growing up, females¡¦ time resource has been occupied by chore and baby-sitting, which decreases working and leisure time. Parents in Taiwan spend more time taking care of their 7~17 years old children than Americans do. After their children reaching age 7, Taiwanese working students stop working too long and exercise more. 4. Work time decreases exercise time and time for family in the Taiwan sample, on the contrary work tome doesn¡¦t correlate with family and exercise time in the USA sample, which suggests that Taiwanese working students may need to learn how to deal with job stress/overworking, and how to manage time resource better.

Thesis (MSD (Play Therapy))--University of Pretoria, 2003. / Includes bibliographical references.