Deictic shift theory (DST) was developed as a model of the construction and comprehension of all types of fictional narrative. With respect to the participant structures of texts, however, DST researchers have focused their attention on deictic shifts in third-person narratives, leaving first-person narratives unanalyzed from this theoretical perspective. As a result, DST in its present form does not adequately account for the variety of manipulations of a range of perspectives that may be achieved in first-person narratives. Nor has DST been systematically applied to texts whose participant structures undergo extensive reorganization as the result of a surprise ending or other narrative twist. By analyzing the deictic and referring expressions that create the participant structure of Chuck Palahniuks novel Fight Club, this thesis tests DSTs potential to account for authors and readers cognitive experiences of first-person narratives with plot twists. The analysis establishes a wider range of linguistic cues that may affect readers mental representations of characters. It identifies interactions between elements in the participant structure, including those that permit the representation of non-narrating characters subjective perspectives, as well as the linguistic features that enable these interactions. The thesis examines the effects of an authors violations of traditional narrative perspective constraints, and it underscores the importance, especially in DST-motivated analyses, of recognizing the potential for interplay between general narrative constraints and the narrative structure of a specific text. The thesis revises DSTs account of the nature and extent of deictic shifts in first-person narratives and describes the role deictic shifts play in fictional narratives that contain plot twists.

Originally presented as the author's Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, Berkeley, 1987. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 238-244).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 2000. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 260-275).

Thesis (M.S.)--Missouri State University, 2008. / "August 2008." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 87-88). Also available online.

Este trabalho trata da entrevista e construção de significados no Programa Primeira Pessoa da TVE/RS. A pesquisa sobre esse tema leva em conta a amplitude do gênero programas de entrevista na atualidade, aspectos dialógicos e jornalísticos. Com 21 anos de existência e sob a apresentação da jornalista Ivette Brandalise, o programa busca revelar a personalidade de entrevistados dos mais variados segmentos sociais. Com duração de aproximadamente 60 minutos e em atmosfera intimista, a apresentadora procura extrair a experiência de vida pessoal no relato dos convidados. O objetivo deste trabalho é verificar as potencialidades da entrevista no aprofundamento de informações. A metodologia empregada é a análise da narrativa em Motta (2013) e análise de conversação em Braga (1994) e Marcuschi (1997). O corpus abrange os programas realizados entre o ano de 2013 e primeiro semestre de 2014. Três programas foram analisados. / This paper discusses the interview and construction of meanings in a program called Primeira Pessoa showed at TVE/RS. Research on this theme takes into account the extent of the genre - talk shows - in today´s world, dialogic and journalistic aspects. Having twenty-one years of existence and the journalist Ivette Brandalise as its host, the program seeks to reveal the personality of its guests coming from various social segments. It lasts about 60 minutes, and it is presented in an intimate atmosphere. The host attempts to draw personal life experience from guests’ answers. The objective of this study is to verify the interview potentiality in getting further information about the guests. The methodology includes analysis of narrative from Motta (2013) and conversation analysis from Braga (1994) and Marcuschi (1997). The corpus covers the programs carried out between 2013 and the first half of 2014. Three programs were analyzed.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Este trabalho tem como tema central autobiografias escritas por indivíduos com autismo. A partir dos enredos que conduzem as narrativas, pretende-se mostrar como elas afetam e contribuem para visões existentes sobre autismo. O traço relevante e singular deste estudo é sua proposta de sublinhar a narrativa em primeira pessoa, as maneiras pelas quais eles se identificam e redefinem as noções existentes sobre autismo como categoria psiquiátrica. O objetivo é compreender as diferentes formas como os autistas se adaptam, negociam, resistem ou até mesmo criam novas normas para lidar com sua condição. Como ferramenta teórica, foram tomadas as ideias do filósofo canadense Ian Hacking, sobre tipos humanos e efeito looping, para analisar como as pessoas classificadas ou autoclassificadas ressignificam, através de suas experiências, as tipificações sobre autismo. As narrativas selecionadas não só permitem que autistas compartilhem suas experiências com o mundo, mas também ampliem os sentidos que atribuímos ao autismo como experiência e como diagnóstico. / The central theme of this work is related to the autobiographies of autistic individuals. Our objective is to demonstrate how these narratives affect and contribute to the current view of autism. The most relevant and unique aspect of this study is to highlight the autistics selfperception and the way in which they identify themselves with prevailing psychiatric notions and many times redefine them. Our objective is to understand the many different ways in which they adapt, negotiate, resist and find new forms to deal with their condition. We use philosopher Ian Hackings theory about human types and looping effect in order to analyze how classified or self-classified individuals through their own experiences give a new significance to the typifications of autism.

Este trabalho trata da entrevista e construção de significados no Programa Primeira Pessoa da TVE/RS. A pesquisa sobre esse tema leva em conta a amplitude do gênero programas de entrevista na atualidade, aspectos dialógicos e jornalísticos. Com 21 anos de existência e sob a apresentação da jornalista Ivette Brandalise, o programa busca revelar a personalidade de entrevistados dos mais variados segmentos sociais. Com duração de aproximadamente 60 minutos e em atmosfera intimista, a apresentadora procura extrair a experiência de vida pessoal no relato dos convidados. O objetivo deste trabalho é verificar as potencialidades da entrevista no aprofundamento de informações. A metodologia empregada é a análise da narrativa em Motta (2013) e análise de conversação em Braga (1994) e Marcuschi (1997). O corpus abrange os programas realizados entre o ano de 2013 e primeiro semestre de 2014. Três programas foram analisados. / This paper discusses the interview and construction of meanings in a program called Primeira Pessoa showed at TVE/RS. Research on this theme takes into account the extent of the genre - talk shows - in today´s world, dialogic and journalistic aspects. Having twenty-one years of existence and the journalist Ivette Brandalise as its host, the program seeks to reveal the personality of its guests coming from various social segments. It lasts about 60 minutes, and it is presented in an intimate atmosphere. The host attempts to draw personal life experience from guests’ answers. The objective of this study is to verify the interview potentiality in getting further information about the guests. The methodology includes analysis of narrative from Motta (2013) and conversation analysis from Braga (1994) and Marcuschi (1997). The corpus covers the programs carried out between 2013 and the first half of 2014. Three programs were analyzed.

Suele considerarse a las teorías de la racionalidad, las teorías de la teoría y las teorías de la simulación mental como diversas estrategias de atribución mental, cada una de las cuales, desde una concepción tradicional, sería única y exhaustiva. En este trabajo examino algunas versiones de la teoría de la simulación mental y, particularmente, la perspectiva desde la cual estas describen la atribución mental. Finalmente, a partir de ciertas críticas, reformulo el sentido de la perspectiva de la primera persona que estas teorías, según mi parecer, detentan. Intento mostrar que una teoría de la atribución mental basada únicamente en la perspectiva de la primera persona no podría abarcar todos los casos de atribución mental y no sería una estrategia exhaustiva, única e independiente, quedando un espacio abierto para acudir a otras estrategias interpretativas.---Some Reflections on Mental Simulation and the First-Person Perspective”. It is usual to consider the theories of rationality, the theories of theory and the theories of mental simulation as diverse strategies of mental attribution, each one of which, from a traditional conception, would be unique and exhaustive. In this paper I examine some versions of the mental simulation theory and particularly the perspective whence they describe mental attribution. Finally, from certain critiques, I reformulate the sense of the first-person perspective that these theories, in my view, sustain. I attempt to show that a mental attribution theory based solely in the first-person perspective could not include all mental attribution cases and would not be an exhaustive strategy, unique and independent, leaving an open space for other interpretative strategies.

This thesis aims to test if there is a connection between modern day fully automatic rifles rate of fire, used loop length in implementation and experienced realism in a first-person shooter game in first-person, fired by the players own character. With a background consisting of papers, books and lectures/conferences given by experienced people and other experts in the game industry regarding first person shooter games, a listening test was conducted and carried out on a computer using headphones with both trained and untrained subjects since players can be both. A simple firing-range was constructed in Unreal Engine 4 (Epic Games, 2017) where the subjects could switch between two weapons with different rates of fire and three versions of each with different loop lengths, 4, 8 and 16. The sounds were divided into layers, e.g. body, mechanical and bottom, played back using looping as implementation. The subjects were also asked to rate the sounds regarding gameplay and preference to see if the results would differ between the three categories. The results showed a tendency to choose the longer loop for all categories, but only four comparisons gave a significant result when doing t-tests.

Este trabalho trata da entrevista e construção de significados no Programa Primeira Pessoa da TVE/RS. A pesquisa sobre esse tema leva em conta a amplitude do gênero programas de entrevista na atualidade, aspectos dialógicos e jornalísticos. Com 21 anos de existência e sob a apresentação da jornalista Ivette Brandalise, o programa busca revelar a personalidade de entrevistados dos mais variados segmentos sociais. Com duração de aproximadamente 60 minutos e em atmosfera intimista, a apresentadora procura extrair a experiência de vida pessoal no relato dos convidados. O objetivo deste trabalho é verificar as potencialidades da entrevista no aprofundamento de informações. A metodologia empregada é a análise da narrativa em Motta (2013) e análise de conversação em Braga (1994) e Marcuschi (1997). O corpus abrange os programas realizados entre o ano de 2013 e primeiro semestre de 2014. Três programas foram analisados. / This paper discusses the interview and construction of meanings in a program called Primeira Pessoa showed at TVE/RS. Research on this theme takes into account the extent of the genre - talk shows - in today´s world, dialogic and journalistic aspects. Having twenty-one years of existence and the journalist Ivette Brandalise as its host, the program seeks to reveal the personality of its guests coming from various social segments. It lasts about 60 minutes, and it is presented in an intimate atmosphere. The host attempts to draw personal life experience from guests’ answers. The objective of this study is to verify the interview potentiality in getting further information about the guests. The methodology includes analysis of narrative from Motta (2013) and conversation analysis from Braga (1994) and Marcuschi (1997). The corpus covers the programs carried out between 2013 and the first half of 2014. Three programs were analyzed.