<p>Den svenska välfärden finner stora problem p g a den höga andelen arbetsoförmögna och forskningen inom området är ansenlig. Fokus i dem traditionella, kvantitativa studierna ligger oftast på faktorer i arbetet som orsakar ohälsa utan att ta hänsyn till personlighetsrelaterade faktorer. I kontrast till det syftar föreliggande studie att undersöka personlighetens betydelse för individens copingstrategi samt upplevelse av psykosociala hälsoriskfaktorer på arbetsplatsen. Kvalitativa intervjuer genomfördes med 23 individer som samtliga arbetar inom tjänstemannasektorn, och både induktiv och deduktiv analys användes. Personlighet analyserades efter Big Five och förhållningssätten enligt problem- respektive emotionsfokuserad coping. Personlighet visade sig ha betydelse för copingstrategi, även om mönstret visar en aning oenighet mellan personlighetsdimensionerna, vilket skulle kunna bero på otillräcklig data. Betydelsen av personligheten för upplevda hälsoriskfaktorer var däremot svårare att se, dock verifierar studien tidigare kvantitativa resultat inom arbetsmiljöforskning och ger krav, kontroll och socialt stöd en djupare och kvalitativ innebörd.</p>

In this paper, I will cover the process of connecting my honors thesis film, Lavanda, with the five senses. I will mainly focus on how the sense of smell can be represented in film along with visual and aural elements. Also, I will present the challenges that arouse while trying to represent taste and touch. Ultimately, I will evaluate the representation of each sense in Lavanda and how a film has the potential to encourage the use of other senses besides seeing and hearing while watching a film.

Magister Public Health - MPH / Background: Malnutrition is a complex condition profoundly impacting child mortality and morbidity, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. Severe acute malnutrition is of growing concern locally where unacceptable mortality rates persist, despite reasonable standards of clinical care. Aim: To determine factors associated with morbidity and mortality in children under-five years admitted with severe acute malnutrition to a regional paediatric hospital in KwaZulu-Natal. Methodology: This was a quantitative study. A retrospective observational study design was used. Medical records of all children with severe acute malnutrition, under the age of five years, admitted between April 2015 and December 2016 to the regional paediatric hospital in KwaZulu-Natal were included. Data was obtained from medical records and admission books. A trained research assistant was used to extract and record data with a piloted data extraction tool. Data was entered and cleaned using Microsoft Excel and analysed using SPSS (v 20) and STATA (v 14). Descriptive summary statistics were used to describe the characteristics of the study population and bivariate analysis using t-tests and Chi-square tests to determine significance. Kaplan Meier and Multivariate Cox regression was used to assess the association of variables with morbidity and mortality. Results: Of the 276 eligible case records included in the study, 54% were male and 90% of all cases were younger than 2 years. Even though associations did not reach significance, teenage pregnancy and unemployment was high amongst the caregivers of the study population. Most of the malnourished children admitted (74%) presented with multiple comorbidities. Diarrhoea (43%), HIV- infection (30%) and respiratory tract infections (30%) were the top three comorbidities found, followed by tuberculosis (27%). The overall mortality rate was 8.7%. Survival probability was significantly reduced in children with pneumonia and those who presented with hypoglycaemia, dehydration, dermatosis, severe pallor, altered consciousness or shock on admission (p < 0.05). There was a significantly increased risk of death in males (HR = 0.174, 95%CI = 0.05 - 0.665), and in those who presented with dehydration (HR = 4.1, 95%CI = 1.25 - 13.59), evidence of lethargy or coma (HR = 4.2, 95%CI = 1.04 - 17.12) or multiple clinical signs (HR = 4.4, 95% CI =2.56 - 7.59) on admission (p < 0.05). The comorbidities HIV-infection (HR = 9.9, 95%CI = 1.39 - 70.68) and pneumonia (HR = 3.4, 95%CI = 1.56 - 7.43) showed a significantly increased mortality risk (p < 0.05). Conclusion: This study supports the body of evidence that despite reasonable standards of hospital care, it is difficult to obtain the target for severe acute malnutrition mortality (< 5%), likely due to the presence of contextually specific factors. Local interventions at hospital, primary health care and community level is needed, as well as further research to facilitate comprehensive policy-making.

Personality is something that sets every human being apart, yet it is something that has been quite hard to pinpoint. Recently, neuroscientists have begun pinning down the neural correlates of personality traits – with focus on the Big Five, sparking a whole new subfield within personality research, known as personality neuroscience. By using neuroscientific methods and techniques to find the underpinnings of the Big Five have led to a deeper and broader understanding of how genetics and the environment integrate into making individuals who they are. This research has also been helpful in the prediction of various outcomes e.g. academic performance and achievement and neuropsychological disorders. In this thesis, the supposed neural correlates of the Big Five are examined through thorough and critical investigations, where evidence from some of the existing relevant studies is reviewed and compared, as well as the different problems and complexities that the field of personality neuroscience is dealing with. The findings in this thesis shows that extraversion has neurobiological basis in the frontal areas of the brain, neuroticism with reduced volume in the frontal areas, agreeableness with frontoparietal areas that are related to theory of mind as well as temporal regions, conscientiousness with frontal parts that are associated with planning and goal-orientation, and openness/intellect with frontoparietal areas as well as subcortical regions, which have been linked with intelligence and creativity. However, some of the correlations were inconsistent and scattered and further research needs to be done. The analysis of academic achievement and performance, as well as neuropsychological disorders and the Big Five with neuroimaging as a method, have shown to be limited, thus much more research is needed.

<p>Studiens syfte var att se vilka personlighetsegenskaper som anses vara nödvändiga inom polisyrket samt om dessa sammanfaller med Big Five dimensionerna.</p><p>     Tidigare studier har utförts och påvisat samband mellan polislämplighet och personlighet. Det har påvisats en negativ samband mellan neuroticism och prestation inom polisyrket samt ett positivt samband mellan extraversion och prestation inom polisyrket.</p><p>     För att belysa arbets- och personkrav för poliser intervjuades sex personer av både manligt och kvinnligt kön. Urvalet bestod av poliser från Södra Sverige. Intervjupersonerna fick besvara frågor utifrån en utformad intervjuguide som bestod av tre olika delar: vilka krav poliser ställs inför i sitt arbete, vilka egenskaper poliser har samt om dessa två delar sammanfaller med Big Five dimensionerna.</p><p>     Resultatet visade på att intervjupersonerna tog upp åtta olika nödvändiga egenskaper inom polisyrket: tolerans, ärlighet, analysförmåga, kommunikation, samvetsgrannhet, neuroticism, trevlighet, öppenhet och extraversion.</p><p>     I diskussionen framgick det att tidigare studier och den utförda studiens resultat hade mycket gemensamt. De egenskaper som ansågs vara nödvändiga inom polisyrket enligt de sex intervjupersonerna hade relativt god överensstämmelse med tidigare forskning inom området samt polisens aktuella kravprofiler som används vid rekrytering.</p> / <p>The purpose of this study was to find possible connections between the police job and necessary personality traits and if the traits that are found co-occur with the Big Five traits.</p><p>     Other studies have shown a negative correlation between neuroticism and police job performance and a positive correlation between extroversion and police job performance.</p><p>     In purpose to illustrate police job- and personality needs the study had both male and female subjects who was interviewed. There were six police officers from the south of Sweden. The subjects got to answer questions from an already formed interview guide which contained three parts: general demands on a police officers in their job, necessary police personality traits and if these two parts co-occor with the Big Five traits.</p><p>     The present results showed that there are eight different characteristics needed as a police man: tolerance, honesty, ability to analyze, communication, conscientiousness, neuroticism, agreeableness, openness and extroversion.</p><p>     The discussion showed that the earlier studies and the present study had a lot in common. The qualities considered necessary within the police force according to the six subjects agreed with earlier research in this field as well as the police current demand profile used when recruiting.<em></em></p>

No description available.

Thesis (Ph. D.) -- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, 2005. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references. Also available online via the University of Tennessee ETD website (http://web.utk.edu/~thesis/etd.shtml).

Den svenska välfärden finner stora problem p g a den höga andelen arbetsoförmögna och forskningen inom området är ansenlig. Fokus i dem traditionella, kvantitativa studierna ligger oftast på faktorer i arbetet som orsakar ohälsa utan att ta hänsyn till personlighetsrelaterade faktorer. I kontrast till det syftar föreliggande studie att undersöka personlighetens betydelse för individens copingstrategi samt upplevelse av psykosociala hälsoriskfaktorer på arbetsplatsen. Kvalitativa intervjuer genomfördes med 23 individer som samtliga arbetar inom tjänstemannasektorn, och både induktiv och deduktiv analys användes. Personlighet analyserades efter Big Five och förhållningssätten enligt problem- respektive emotionsfokuserad coping. Personlighet visade sig ha betydelse för copingstrategi, även om mönstret visar en aning oenighet mellan personlighetsdimensionerna, vilket skulle kunna bero på otillräcklig data. Betydelsen av personligheten för upplevda hälsoriskfaktorer var däremot svårare att se, dock verifierar studien tidigare kvantitativa resultat inom arbetsmiljöforskning och ger krav, kontroll och socialt stöd en djupare och kvalitativ innebörd.

No description available.

This study examined the relationship between personality dimensions and supervisory ratings of job performance, in a sales context in Sweden. A sample of 34 telesales workers, employed at two major telecom companies, completed the NEO PI-3 (McCrae &amp; Costa, 2010). As hypothesized, it was found that Extroversion, Conscientiousness, and Neuroticism correlated moderately with job performance. In line with past research, this suggests that individuals, who display high levels of Extroversion and Conscientiousness, as well as low levels of Neuroticism, perform better in sales related occupations. Unlike hypothesized, no correlation was found between job performance and Agreeableness and Openness to Experience. Additional computations indicated the importance of specific sub dimensions of Extroversion and Conscientiousness in respect to job performance. Practical implications in respect to recruitment and directions of future research are discussed.