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1	The challenge of formalising the local economy : South African township retail industry Monyebodi, Monyaku January 2021 (has links) After more than two decades of democracy, South Africa is still faced with challenges of unemployment, poverty and inequality. The informal sector is one that presents opportunities for making a positive contribution towards solving social problems that South Africa is faced with. While the informal sector is large and offers flexibility in employment, it is associated with low productivity and poor governance as traders in the informal sector are not obliged to register their businesses and therefore cannot make tax contributions. The lack of formalisation of the informal sector not only impacts the government for not being able to account for the sector, but it also creates barriers for those trading in the sector. The study adopted qualitative research methods to gain insights into describing and exploring the meaning research participants use to construct and interpret their world of reality, such as formalising the informal sector to stimulate economic growth in South African Townships. A total of 15 semi-structured interviews were conducted with business owners in the retail informal sector, managers of big corporates in retail in the formal sector and government employees from various departments who were represented by those in relevant positions such as directors, heads of departments, regional and board members. Interviews were analysed by means of thematic analysis. The key findings from literature indicated that the informal sector is broad and there is no one definition of the informal sector. It was also established that there is a direct relationship that exists between the state and the informal sector, however there is an indirect relationship that exists between the formal and informal sector as further explained in institutional and stakeholder theory. The lack of development in the informal sector can be attributed to the non-existence of policies to guide and regulate the existence of the informal sector. The insights shared from the interviews pointed to the applicability of the proposed model in terms of formalising the informal sector. / Mini Dissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2021. / Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS) / MBA / Unrestricted UCTD Formalisation Informal sector Formal sector Regulations Economic growth
2	Post Disaster Recovery of Formal and Informal Businesses: Case Study of Kathmandu Valley after 2015 Nepal Earthquake / フォーマルビジネス及びインフォーマルビジネスの災害復興 : 2015年ネパール地震後のカトマンズの事例 Ranit, Chatterjee 26 March 2018 (has links) 付記する学位プログラム名: グローバル生存学大学院連携プログラム / 京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(地球環境学) / 甲第21242号 / 地環博第178号 / 新制\|\|地環\|\|35(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院地球環境学舎環境マネジメント専攻 / (主査)教授岡﨑健二, 准教授小林広英, 准教授西前出 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Global Environmental Studies / Kyoto University / DFAM Earthquake Business recovery Livelihood formal sector Informal sector Nepal 450
3	Investigating the linkages between the formal and informal sector in South Africa Mashimbyi, Vonani Chris January 2021 (has links) Magister Commercii - MCom / There have been many studies focussing on informal sector in South Africa in the last 25 years. This paper adds to the wealth of research that has been conducted in this field. It examines the linkages between the formal sector and informal sector, and how they interact with each other. The study uses probit models and fixed effects models to investigate how variables such as age, education and skill level affect employability and income in the labour market. This paper uses two data sets: wave 1 to wave 5 panel data of the 2008-2016 National Income Dynamics Study (NIDS) to investigate the nature of the formal sector and the informal sector in South Africa. To study the linkages between the firms in the formal and informal sector, it uses the eThekwini Large and Medium Manufacturing Firm Survey dataset collected in 2013/2014. Formal sector Informal sector South Africa Labour market National Income Dynamics Study (NIDS)
4	Causes and consequences of rural-urban migration: the case of Woldiya town, North Ethiopia Miheretu, Birhan Asmame 06 1900 (has links) In developing countries like Ethiopia rural-urban migration affects development in both urban and rural areas. As such, this study aims at establishing the major causes and consequences of the movement of people from rural to urban areas. To achieve the objective 500 migrant household heads were selected randomly from three kebeles of the town. Both primary and secondary data were employed and were analyzed both qualitatively and quantitatively. The study revealed that migrants came to Woldiya in search of employment and to utilize urban services and education. Hence, the out flow of economically active people from the rural agricultural sector has a negative effect on production in the areas of origin and the receiving area now experiences problems such as a shortage of housing, unemployment, increasing cost of living, lack of access to social services, Therefore, to mitigate the problem of rural-urban migration is launching of integrated rural development policy / Geography / M.A. (Geography) Rural migration Urban migration Migrant households Ethiopian rural-urban migration Economically active migrants Migrants Employment Formal sector Informal sector Agricultural sector Rural development policy 304.80963 Rural-urban migration -- Ethiopia Migration, Internal -- Ethiopia Urbanization -- Ethiopia Ethiopia -- Rural conditions
5	Causes and consequences of rural-urban migration: the case of Woldiya town, North Ethiopia Miheretu, Birhan Asmame 06 1900 (has links) In developing countries like Ethiopia rural-urban migration affects development in both urban and rural areas. As such, this study aims at establishing the major causes and consequences of the movement of people from rural to urban areas. To achieve the objective 500 migrant household heads were selected randomly from three kebeles of the town. Both primary and secondary data were employed and were analyzed both qualitatively and quantitatively. The study revealed that migrants came to Woldiya in search of employment and to utilize urban services and education. Hence, the out flow of economically active people from the rural agricultural sector has a negative effect on production in the areas of origin and the receiving area now experiences problems such as a shortage of housing, unemployment, increasing cost of living, lack of access to social services, Therefore, to mitigate the problem of rural-urban migration is launching of integrated rural development policy / Geography / M.A. (Geography) Rural migration Urban migration Migrant households Ethiopian rural-urban migration Economically active migrants Migrants Employment Formal sector Informal sector Agricultural sector Rural development policy 304.80963 Rural-urban migration -- Ethiopia Migration, Internal -- Ethiopia Urbanization -- Ethiopia Ethiopia -- Rural conditions
6	Relationship Between Formal Institutions and the Informal Economy in Colombia: An Application to the Food Sector Sánchez, Daniella M. 03 May 2023 (has links) No description available. Economics Economic Theory Urban Planning Statistics Social Structure Public Policy Political Science Demography Cultural Anthropology Behavioral Sciences Formal institutions bank loans government informal economy street food vending access to financial capital education level tenure disposition toward the formal sector formalization incomes public policy orange economy relocation Barranquilla Bogotá Medellin culture economy survey retirement system poverty line DANE World Bank

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