Previous research on framing has proved its strong effects on the social perception and political preferences of individuals. Therefore, the aim of this research is to explore how Saudi women's issues have been framed in a sample of United States and Saudi newspapers. Saudi Vision 2030 is the post-oil plan for the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia that was announced on April 25, 2016. The sample of this thesis was 300 news stories from eight newspapers. The U.S. newspapers were the New York Times, the Washington Post, the Wall Street Journal, and the Los Angeles Times. The Saudi newspapers were Al Riyadh, Okaz, Al Jazirah, and Al Watan. This thesis explores how these issues have been covered before and after Saudi Vision 2030 by answering five basic questions. Quantitative and qualitative methods were used to analyze the news stories. For the quantitative analysis, five pre-defined generic frames from Semetko and Valkenburg were adopted: conflict frame, human interest frame, morality frame, economic consequences frame, and responsibility frame. An inductive approach to find the new frames was used for the qualitative analysis. Moreover, this thesis looked at how U.S. and Saudi newspapers have visually framed Saudi women through an analysis of the types of images used in the news stories related to Saudi women's issues. The main finding suggests that within the used frames in the newspapers, the U.S. newspapers focused more on the human-interest frame, while the Saudi newspapers mostly used the economic frame. Furthermore, the types of issues covered are discussed.

This thesis is a research of a case related to the theatre Cinoherni divadlo in Usti nad Labem, which happened in 2014. This case was about a conflict between Cinoherni divadlo and Usti nad Labem city councilmen. This conflict was reflected by the public in Usti nad Labem and other cities of the Czech Republic and the case was accompanied by various kinds of civic activism. Representatives of Cinoherni divadlo was making public statements about the conflict during the case and they was formulating their requirements and were trying to gain public support and mobilize public to join the collective action. This case of civic activism will be studied from the perspective of the framing theory. Participant's statements will be studied and for that will be used the framing analysis. There will identified diagnostic, prognostic and motivational frames, which were used by the represenatives of Cinoherni divadlo and how were the frames changing during the case. There will be also identified counterframes, which were used by the city councilmen in their reactions to the represenatitves of Cinoherni divadlo.

The aim of the thesis is to describe framing activity of non-profit organization Ekumenická akademie, z.s. that is linked with fair trade movement. It means I want to describe how it strategically constructs a communication made through leaflets that go to existing and potential supporters. The theoretical part focuses on the concept of fair trade movement and its work in the Czech Republic. Then it describes the framing theory, especially core framing tasks that are essential to this thesis. In the methodology, the research methods are explained, which was content analysis of the documents and it also describes the process of the analysis itself. The last part of the thesis describes the results of the research which means how the organization interpreted and constructed the reality with diagnostic, prognostic and motivational framing and thus formed the meaning of the whole communication.

The diploma thesis deals with coverage of the Great March of Return event in selected Czech online media (Aktuálně.cz, Echo24, Haló noviny, iDNES, iRozhlas, Lidovky, Novinky.cz). Demonstrations erupted in early March of 2018, with the goal of returning Palestinians to their historical territories of Israel. The theoretical part of this thesis deals with concept of framing and also expands on the often neglected visual framing. It then covers role of war photography in the media, addresses crisis of photojournalism and provides historical and political context of the Great March of Return. The research part uses concept of framing and aims to analyze way in which Czech online media interpreted researched Israeli-Palestinian conflict. For a more comprehensive insight into this issue, thesis deals with both verbal and textual content, which is examined at the same time or compared with each other. For the possibility of testing different perspectives, diploma thesis uses both quantitative and qualitative framing methods.

This paper concerns a local political debate about the financing of culture in the mid-sized city Norrköping in Sweden. The purpose of this study is to find what type of content the local newspaper and a Facebook group produce, how the debate is portrayed and how the different media types can contribute to democracy. The material contains 15 articles from the newspaper and 25 posts from the Facebook group. A qualitative content analysis has been applied as the method. Furthermore a framing analysis has been used to find answers about how the debate is portrayed in the media. Results show, among other things, that the newspaper first and foremost portrays the debate as a conflict and that the Facebook group is much more focused on human interest. Furthermore the study shows that both mediatypes should be able to generate democratic functions for the local population. The newspaper more so for its correct informational content and Facebook for its ability to bring people together and create civil political engagement.

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Master of Science / Journalism and Mass Communications / Angela M. Powers / Background: During the 2014 Hong Kong protests, with the growing concern of various perspectives in the international media, news coverage, as the main source of information transportation has become an issue of research interest. According to framing theory, for a certain event, media is likely to place it within a field of meaning. Furthermore, the message meaning, framed by media, influence audience’s information processing. Different media organizations might have different perspectives on framing same event. This study examined how Chinese news coverage and U.S. news coverage framed an event. Method: A quantitative content analysis was conducted among a sample of 152 news stories from China Daily and The New York Times. All the stories from August 17th 2014 to January 8th 2015 were analyzed to determine whether the 2014 Hong Kong protest was framed by China Daily and The New York Times differently. The code sheet was structured with key variables derived from former published articles. Furthermore, the categories of main issue and secondary issue came from pre-tests with another co-coder. Data analysis was conducted with frequency counts, cross tabulations and Pearson’s chi-square analysis in SPSS. Results: Findings suggested that news coverage of China Daily focused on the issues of politics and protest, as well as did the coverage of The New York Times. However they have significant differences on framing of history, profiles of protesters and others. The findings suggested that the China Daily and The New York Times have significant differences on overall bias in terms of Pro-change, Anti-change and Neutral. Conclusion: Samples in this study, as prosperous news organizations with the reputation and resources to conduct fair reporting and to set journalistic standards in China and the United States respectively, represented most perspectives in general. According to different factors of national interest, political ideology and history, Chinese news coverage and U.S. news coverage have significant differences on framing the issues and overall bias.

Published Article / This article examines how South African newspapers report on the activities of the South African Human Rights Commission (SAHRC) regarding human rights violations in South African schools over a five-year period (1 January 2005 to 31 December 2009). The overarching research question that guided this study is: Can the media play a role in cultivating and creating a particular view of human rights violations in schools and advocate policy change through their framing of the activities of the SAHRC? McManus and Dorfman's guidelines were used to analyse the structural and content frames of 161 articles that were retrieved from the SAMedia database. These news stories provide a glimpse on the wide variety of human rights violations the SAHRC investigated during the five-year period. The interrogation of the two dominant content frames, namely school violence and infringements on learners' rights to basic education, reveals newspapers' superficial and sensationalised coverage of human rights violations. The analysis exposes the media's lack of policy advocacy.

The purpose of this study is to examine the ways in which preschool teachers’ organization of the physical and social environment both restrict and enable children's free play. Specifically, we want to understand how these forms of organization has an impact on children’s agency. To reach this aim we conducted a case study to examine the organization of the physical environment in preschool rooms where free play takes place, and the actions children take in these rooms. We focused in particular on the teacher’s role in this organization. The study is based on observations and interviews of teachers from a rural preschool with 14 children aged 3-4 years. Interview transcripts and field notes were subjected to a content analysis. We found that the teachers have a vision that the environment should be in constant change and therefore want a diversity and variation in the material. It also became apparent that teachers distinguish between “good” and “bad” forms of play, and that these distinctions play a role in how the teachers evaluate children’s free play and the organization of free play spaces. In addition, it became evident that certain rooms and material were conducive to certain types of play. The results showed for example, that teacher´s ideas of good play and the use of closed doors and gates became an infringement on children´s agency. Conclusions of this study were that through the environment the teachers have designed and the materials they have chosen, their control of free play and children´s agency is always present.