KEYWORDS: pupil, student's book, didactical analyses, students, student's book function analysis, modern history, tuition, didactical materials The thesis theme is 'The problematics of modern history education at secondary/high schools. The thesis objective is a complex survey of the situation related to the modern history and current history education at grammar schools and specialized secondary/high schools in the Czech Republic. This thesis provides a thorough response to the following questions: Do the teachers at Czech secondary/high schools teach modern history until 1989 or not? Do they reflect the historical period after 1989 and where do they finish? What student's books are used by teachers? What student's books are used by students? What are the conditions for the student's book composition set by the Czech education policy. With an intent to reveal the responses to these questions, the diploma thesis analyses legislative framework of the Czech Republic education policy (Act No. 561/2004 Coll. about pre-school, elementary, secondary/high, college and other education, hereinafter referred to as 'School Act'), basic curricular documents (Framework Educational Program for Elementary Education, Framework Education Program for Grammar Schools, school education programs of particular grammar...

Acknowledging the necessity of a detailed understanding of the dynamics and contributions of wetlands in decision making processes, this research aims to identify the trade-offs between human interventions and human well-being in wetlands. Being one of the thirteen Ramsar Sites of Turkey and providing various ecosystem functions, Kizilirmak Delta was determined as the case study area of the research. Following the literature review on wetlands and their valuation, an assessment framework was developed for analyzing the trade-offs in the Kizilirmak Delta. Following this framework, first the importance, values and functions of the delta were defined by evaluation of its ecological, socio-cultural and economic structures and function analysis. Then, the pressures on the delta and their impacts were analyzed through DPSIR (Driving forces, Pressures, State, Impacts and Responses) Framework by action analysis. Finally, the trade-offs in the delta were calculated in monetary terms through valuation of the functions of the delta. Because of time and data constraints only a small portion of the functions of the delta was quantified in monetary terms. Calculated functions of the delta provide 753.531.772 TL worth of services that constitutes the 34 % of total GDP of the delta. This value was accepted as the cost of trade-offs in the delta, because the pressures on the delta would result in the loss of this value.

The dynamics captured in the ocean surface current data provided by satellite altimetry has been a subject of debate since the past decade. In particular, the contribution of surface and interior dynamics to altimetry remains unclear. One avenue to settling this issue is to compare the turbulence (for example, the nature of spectra and interscale fluxes) captured by altimetry to theories of two-dimensional, surface and interior quasigeostrophic turbulence. In this thesis, we focus on mesoscales (i.e., scales of the order of few hundred kms) that are well resolved by altimetry data. Aspects of two dimensional, three dimensional, geotropic and surface quasigeostrophic turbulence are revisited and compared with the observations. Specifically, we compute kinetic energy (KE) spectra and fluxes in five geographical regions (all over the globe) using 21 years of 0.25◦resolution daily data as provided by the AVISO project. We report a strong forward cascade of KE at small scales (accompanied by a spectral scaling of the form k−3) and a robust inverse cascade at larger scales. Further, we show that the small diver-gent part in horizontal velocity data drives the strong forward flux of KE. Indeed, on considering only the non-divergent part of the flow, in accord with incompressible two-dimensional turbulence, the inverse cascade is unaffected, but the forward transfer becomes very weak and the spectral slopes over this range of scales tend to a relatively steeper k−3.5scaling. We note that our results do not agree with interior first bar clinic mode quasigeostrophic (incorrect strength of forward flux) or surface-quasigeostrophic (incorrect spectral slopes) turbulence. Rather, the results are compatible with rotating shallow water and rotating stratified Boussinesq models in which condition of geostrophic balance is dominant but the divergence of horizontal velocity field is not exactly zero. Having seen the “mean” picture of fluxes and spectra from altimetry, in the second part of the thesis we investigate the variability of these entities. In particular, we employ Empirical Or-thogonal Function (EOF) analysis and focus on the variability in the spectral flux. Remarkably, over the entire globe, irrespective of the region under consideration, we see that the first two EOFs explain a large part of the variability in flux anomalies. The geometry of these modes is distinct, the first represents a single signed transfer across scales (i.e. large to small or small to large depending on the sign of the associated principal component), while the second is a mixed mode in that it exhibits a forward/inverse transfer at large/small scales.

Doctor of Philosophy / Department of Economics / Wayne Nafziger / This dissertation constructs three empirical essays. The first essay illustrates the causality on the relationship between output (GDP) growth and exports. By using the Modified Wald (MWald) test we observe unidirectional causality from exports to GDP. More specifically, for the robustness we use a Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) model and the Generalized Impulse Response Function Analysis (GIRA). The VECM and the GIRA yield bidirectional causality between exports and GDP, which weakly supports the unidirectional result of the to MWald test. Meanwhile, we confirm that there is structure break by using the structural break test. These results are plausible and consistent with the expectations of our study for the Export Led Growth Hypothesis (ELGH). However, compared with previous studies on the ELGH for Korea, our results are different. Other studies show a bidirectional causality relationship but this study only has unidirectional causality. These differences may be caused from different observation data, various variables, and use of different econometric methodologies. Also, model selection and omitting variables can also significantly change the results of causality testing. The second essay investigates a degree of competition between Korea's and China's exports in the U.S. market by using the substitute elasticity on a simple demand model. The market share of Korean exports has been decreasing while that of China's has been increasing. The results of this study are as follows. First, we find that Korea has a dominant market share of only goods group code 27 in commodity groups over that of China, otherwise having China's dominant market shares over those of Korea for other export sections by using historical trade data. Second, most estimates of substitute elasticity between both countries' exports in the U.S. market are small (inelastic). However, 61 (apparel articles and accessories, knit or crochet), 62 (apparel articles and accessories, not knit etc) and 85 (electric machinery etc, sound equipments, TV equipment, parts) commodity groups' substitute elasticities are large (elastic) and are competitive in the U.S. market compared with those of China. A small value of the elasticity of substitution may be due to an identification problem for a simple standard model as well as measurement errors in prices as a unit value in this study. So, in order to avoid problems such as these, we may need to use appropriate instrumental or proxy variables in the simple standard model, which highly correlate with the independent (unit price) variables and are uncorrelated with measurement error terms. In practice, it is not easy to find good instrumental variables. The final essay evaluates the roles of price and income as important factors that affect Korea's exports by using the most recent monthly data. By using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) bounds testing approach we find the long-run relationship of variables and estimate the long-run price and income elasticities. However, the estimates of these long-run elasticities are statistically insignificant. This may be due to some misspecifications or measurement errors in our model. Meanwhile, due to the existence of the long-run relationship between variables, we construct the Error Correction Model (ECM) in order to observe the short-run dynamics of the elasticities. Specifically, we add a dummy variable into our export demand model to achieve more efficient estimations since the dummy variable reflects a shock in Korea's export; Korea's economic crisis in 1997. In contrast to the long-run elasticity, we find that the short-run elasticities' estimates are more statistically significant. When we use the structure break test to check the structural stability of Korea's export demand, we find that there is no structural break point of 1997. Therefore, a shock of Korea's economic crisis in 1997 might not significantly affect Korea's export demand in a given sample. However, the Information Technology (IT) bubble of the world economy in 2001 and the entry of Korea into the OECD had triggered an increase in Korea's export demand due to existing structural break points of both events. In addition, we find that income elasticities are larger than price elasticities in the short run. This implies that income has more of an impact than that of price for the export demand model in the short run. This also implies that the change of Korea's exports in the short run is more sensitive to changes in foreign income (industrial production) compared with that of price (exchange rate). An interesting result, thus, is that Korea's exports in the short run may have higher export performance on income than that of price (exchange rate). This might be a consequence of the dependence of an increase in foreign income in recent years. In recent years, developing countries have greatly increased their economic growth compared with that of developed countries and Korea's exports have increased into these developing countries. Thus, we confirm that an increase in Korea's exports is mainly affected by income compared with price, specifically in the short run by using recent data.

This diploma thesis deals with the analysis of experimental electrograms (EG) recorded from isolated rabbit hearts. The theoretical part is focused on the basic principles of electrocardiography, pathological events in ECGs, automatic classification of ECG and experimental cardiological research. The practical part deals with manual classification of individual pathological events – these results will be presented in the database of EG records, which is under developing at the Department of Biomedical Engineering at BUT nowadays. Manual scoring of data was discussed with experts. After that, the presence of pathological events within particular experimental periods was described and influence of ischemia on heart electrical activity was reviewed. In the last part, morphological parameters calculated from EG beats were statistically analised with Kruskal-Wallis and Tukey-Kramer tests and also principal component analysis (PCA) and used as classification features to classify automatically four types of the beats. Classification was realized with four approaches such as discriminant function analysis, k-Nearest Neighbours, support vector machines, and naive Bayes classifier.

Dissertation thesis is focused on real digital signal processing by quadrature mirror digital filter banks. In the first part a dual channel quadrature mirror digital filter bank is described briefly. Mainly transfer functions for distorted subband signals are described. In the next part generalized sigma-delta modulator and its linear model are described. Subsequently the generalized sigma-delta modulator is used in decomposition part of quadrature mirror digital filter bank. Designed structure is analyzed. Two design method of transfer functions are designed for the structure on the basis of analysis results. The first method is suitable for hand-made design by intuitive distribution of zeros and poles. The second method is more suitable for computer design. It is iterative method based on correlation. Transfer functions for quadrature mirror digital filter bank with sigma-delta modulators design examples are also part of thesis. Application of designed structure of quadrature mirror digital filter bank can lead to bigger compression ration in lossy data compression.

Cílem mé diplomové práce bylo navrhnout metodu analýzy retinálních sekvencí, která bude hodnotit kvalitu jednotlivých snímků. V teoretické části se také zabývám vlastnostmi retinálních sekvencí a způsobem registrace snímků z fundus kamery. V praktické části je implementována metoda hodnocení kvality snímků, která je otestována na reálných retinálních sekvencích a vyhodnocena její úspěšnost. Práce hodnotí i vliv této metody na registraci retinálních snímků.

Les protéines de la famille L7Ae sont les constituants de nombreuses RNP essentielles. Chez les vertébrés, les particules snoRNP C/D et H/ACA sont impliquées dans la biogenèse des ribosomes, la UsnRNP U4 dans l'épissage des pré-ARNm, le complexe télomérase dans la réplication des télomères, et les mRNP SECIS dans la traduction des sélénoprotéines. Comme c'est le cas pour la majorité des RNP eucaryotes, leur assemblage, sous forme d'entités fonctionnelles, ne constitue pas un processus autonome et requiert l'intervention de facteurs spécialisés. En basant notre étude sur l'assemblage des snoRNP C/D, dans l'organisme modèle Saccharomyces cerevisiae, et en utilisant des approches de biologie moléculaire, de biochimie et de génétique, nous avons entrepris de caractériser ces événements. Nos travaux ont contribué à identifier un ensemble de protéines, agissant de façon coordonnée au sein d'une machinerie conservée entre la levure et l'homme. Cette dernière est composée de deux principales sous-unités : (i) Rsa1p/NUFIP, une protéine plate-forme, qui interagit avec certaines protéines de la famille L7Ae et facilite l'assemblage des RNP, (ii) le complexe R2TP (Rvb1p/TIP49, Rvb2p/TIP48, Pih1p/PIH1, Tah1p/SPAGH), qui pourrait opérer des remodelages conformationnels nécessaires à la formation des RNP matures. En plus de ces acteurs centraux, d'autres facteurs sont apparus intimement liés à ce mécanisme. La protéine Hit1p/TRIP3, interagit notamment avec Rsa1p/NUFIP et s'est avéré requise pour assurer sa stabilité chez la levure. La chaperonne HSP90, dont le rôle est prédominant chez l'homme, exerce son activité sur certains constituants des RNP. Enfin, la protéine Bcd1p/BCD1 pourrait être associée à cette machinerie dans le cadre spécifique de l'assemblage des snoRNP C/D / The L7Ae family proteins are essential components of many RNPs. In vertebrates, C/D and H/ACA snoRNPs are involved in ribosome biogenesis, the U4 snRNP in pre-mRNA splicing, the telomerase complex in telomeres replication, and mRNP SECIS in selenoproteins translation. Like most eukaryotic RNPs, assembly in functional entities is not an autonomous process and requires the intervention of specialized factors. Basing our study on the assembly of C/D snoRNP in the model organism Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and using approaches of molecular biology, biochemistry and genetics, we undertook to decipher these mechanisms. Our work has helped to identify a set of proteins, acting in a coordinated manner within a machinery conserved between yeast and human. This machinery consists of two major subunits: (i) Rsa1p/NUFIP, a platform protein that interacts with some proteins of the L7Ae family and facilitates the RNPs assembly, (ii) the R2TP complex (Rvb1p/TIP49, Rvb2p/TIP48, Pih1p/PIH1, Tah1p/SPAGH), which could induce conformational remodeling necessary for the formation of mature RNPs. In addition to these key players, other factors appeared closely linked to this mechanism. The Hit1p/TRIP3 protein interacts with Rsa1p/NUFIP and is required to ensure its stability in yeast. HSP90 chaperone, whose role is predominant in human, operates on some components of the RNPs. Finally, the Bcd1p/BCD1 protein is associated specifically with this machinery during C/D snoRNPs assembly