Abstract The long-term development of a democratic country stems from the establishment of a civil society. The substance and functional mechanisms of a democratic system are very closely connected with the state of the legal system. When the law rests on a basis of democracy, democratic legitimacy underpins the legality of the source of the country's power. In contrast, when the law and democracy have an equivalent relationship, especially under the influence of today's international social consensus and the growing human rights consciousness and social modernization, in the developmental process of the constitutional system, with regard to the people's fundamental rights, the quality of the judicial system and the law will determine the country's ability to realize a modern welfare state and reveal the objective value of a civil society with regard to human dignity; we can then deduce the reasonableness the judicial system must show in the face of objective conditions, which is the basis for the judicial system to represent judicial justice and judicial authority. Taiwan's judicial system has undergone extremely rapid reforms in recent years. The judicial system's interpretation of constitutional principles has led to clear acknowledgement that violations of the principle of equal protection by human rights values and rights and protections suggest that the law is inadequate. This confirms the equal basis of human dignity and rights. In particular, it is necessary to construct a trial system and suit procedures befitting a democratic society. The Judicial Yuan started holding judicial reform committee conferences and national judicial reform conferences in 1993. These conferences brought judicial, prosecutorial, defense, and academic personnel together for far-ranging discussions. The conclusions of the conferences, along with specific reform measures and their timetables, will help meet the challenges of the new century and accelerate judicial reform. A pyramid-shaped suit system and court organization will realize the Judicial Yuan's role as the highest judicial agency and achieve the constitutional intent of institutionalizing the trial system. The three-stage reform framework calls for the merger of agencies and revision of laws. The reforms will also entail the transformation of a "diverse, multi-track" system into a "unified, single-track" system. After the third stage has been completed in 2010, the judicial system will have an all new look, and will be ready to safeguard the people's judicial beneficiary rights. The main purpose of this study is to explore the major changes undergone by Taiwan's judicial system in recent years. These include the change in criminal suit procedures from the traditional inquisitorial system to the improved adversarial system, which serves to strengthen protection of defendants' fundamental human rights. The thorough implementation of the assumption of innocence conforms to the world's trend towards protection of human rights. The institution of a speedy trial system improves trial efficiency. Strengthening the factual review function of the first instance, changing the purpose of the second instance to subsequent review, the use of the third instance for strict legal review, the adoption of a appeal permit system, and various systematic reforms have truly meaningful. In a time of progressive democratic reforms, the practice of law must be comprehensive, feasible, and appropriate if overall reforms are to be completed. Judicial reform can strengthen maintenance of the constitutional order and the protection of fundamental human rights. Keywords: judicial system, trial system, human dignity, fundamental human rights, adversarial system, inquisitorial system

This research aims to evaluate the role that Kenyan independent churches play in the protection of the fundamental human rights of children. It became apparent during the course of the research that Kenya's independent churches have numerous shortcomings that affect their ability to protect such rights. The Kenyan independent churches are affected by the negative effects of an African traditional worldview. Among the effects of this worldview is the tolerance of female genital mutilation, polygamy and corporal punishment, practices that contravene the United Nation's Declaration on the Rights of Children. The research further discovered that some of the Kenyan independent churches perpetuate the violation of the fundamental human rights of children with their gross misunderstanding of Scripture, especially the wisdom of Bible texts such as Proverbs 22:15. A literal application of Scripture and a tendency to lean towards casuistic ethics contribute to the misuse and misunderstanding of the Bible verses that touch on the human dignity of children. The violation of the fundamental human rights of children is rampant in Kenya. The number of independent churches involved in protecting the fundamental human rights of children is very small. The few independent churches that offer child services offer relief services rather than embracing a human rights approach to serving children. Although the independent churches make out the majority and are the fastest growing among the churches, it is notable that mission churches such as the Catholic and Anglican churches are more involved in protecting the fundamental human rights of children when compared to the independent churches in Kenya. Kenyan independent churches furthermore suffer the effects of poverty coupled with illiteracy, a factor that affects their ability to champion the fundamental human rights of children as stipulated in the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Children. On the positive side, some social cultural values common among the independent churches, such as African communal solidarity and the extended family system, promote the well–being of children. However, overall the Kenyan independent churches have not successfully responded to the violation of the fundamental human rights of children. This inability remains a concern worthy addressing. / Thesis (Ph.D. (Ethics))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011.

This research aims to evaluate the role that Kenyan independent churches play in the protection of the fundamental human rights of children. It became apparent during the course of the research that Kenya's independent churches have numerous shortcomings that affect their ability to protect such rights. The Kenyan independent churches are affected by the negative effects of an African traditional worldview. Among the effects of this worldview is the tolerance of female genital mutilation, polygamy and corporal punishment, practices that contravene the United Nation's Declaration on the Rights of Children. The research further discovered that some of the Kenyan independent churches perpetuate the violation of the fundamental human rights of children with their gross misunderstanding of Scripture, especially the wisdom of Bible texts such as Proverbs 22:15. A literal application of Scripture and a tendency to lean towards casuistic ethics contribute to the misuse and misunderstanding of the Bible verses that touch on the human dignity of children. The violation of the fundamental human rights of children is rampant in Kenya. The number of independent churches involved in protecting the fundamental human rights of children is very small. The few independent churches that offer child services offer relief services rather than embracing a human rights approach to serving children. Although the independent churches make out the majority and are the fastest growing among the churches, it is notable that mission churches such as the Catholic and Anglican churches are more involved in protecting the fundamental human rights of children when compared to the independent churches in Kenya. Kenyan independent churches furthermore suffer the effects of poverty coupled with illiteracy, a factor that affects their ability to champion the fundamental human rights of children as stipulated in the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Children. On the positive side, some social cultural values common among the independent churches, such as African communal solidarity and the extended family system, promote the well–being of children. However, overall the Kenyan independent churches have not successfully responded to the violation of the fundamental human rights of children. This inability remains a concern worthy addressing. / Thesis (Ph.D. (Ethics))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011.

1 Diploma thesis topic title Constitutional aspects of compulsory vaccination Abstract This diploma thesis focuses on the assessment of the constitutional conformity of compulsory vaccination. In particular, the thesis deals with the conflict of interest in combating the emergence and spread of infectious diseases and the interest in not interfering with fundamental human rights. The main objective of the thesis is to provide a possible line of reasoning for defending the compliance of the vaccination obligation with the constitutional order. The aim is to cover all conceivable aspects that can be associated with mandatory vaccination. First, an interference with fundamental rights is examined in the light of the Charter of Fundamental Rights and Freedoms. By performing the proportionality and rationality analysis it is assessed whether the limitation of the affected rights can be justified. A special attention is paid to a statutory reservation and a conscientious objection. Due to a significant importance of the system of the European Convention on Human Rights, one part of the thesis is focused also on the examination of the compliance of compulsory vaccination with this international instrument. For those purposes a five-step analysis is performed. In this thesis also medical issues are discussed...

O objetivo essencial da tese é o exame específico dos Direitos Humanos Fundamentais e dos princípios respectivos, sobretudo aqueles relativos à dignidade da pessoa humana e ao valor social do trabalho, bem como da relação destes com o Direito do Trabalho e com o Direito Processual do Trabalho. A oportunidade (ou necessidade) para este estudo resultou da constante referência, nas petições, nos debates e nas decisões dos Juízes e Tribunais do Trabalho, aos Direitos Humanos Fundamentais, assim como ao princípio da dignidade da pessoa humana o mais importante na menção aos Direitos Humanos e, também, consagrado pela (e na) Constituição Federal. Trata-se de projeção de tais preocupações da vivência diária, como juiz, sobretudo depois da ampliação da competência da Justiça do Trabalho, decorrente da Emenda Constitucional n. 45, de 2004. Daí resultou a verificação da efetividade e eficácia da inclusão dos Direitos Humanos no Direito positivo. Há estudo da terminologia. Passou-se ao estudo das diversas concepções, segundo as variadas correntes doutrinárias. Entendeu-se indispensável a leitura da sua evolução, na história, na filosofia, na teologia, e da sua inclusão no Direito positivo. Adotou-se como marco, neste último, a Declaração dos Direitos do Homem, de 1789, percorrendo-se a história dos diversos artigos, relacionados especificamente às liberdades fundamentais, diante da conjuntura social então vigente. Também foram trazidos elementos históricos para o estudo da Declaração Universal dos Direitos do Homem, de 20 de dezembro de 1948, da Organização das Nações Unidas. Verificou-se a relação entre o Direito do Trabalho e os Direitos Humanos Fundamentais. Como projeção da personalidade do trabalhador, a essência do Direito do Trabalho é apenas uma das vertentes dos Direitos Humanos senão os próprios Direitos Humanos, já que a identificação é ampla. Foram examinadas as diversas escolas do Direito Natural, desde a Grécia, através de Roma, da Idade Média e do período pré-moderno, na Patrística e na Escolástica, até o Direito Natural nos termos estabelecidos pelo que se convencionou chamar de Iluminismo. Num dos capítulos, especificamente, foram considerados os Direitos Humanos como direitos universais. O conceito foi adotado no sentido de que a dignidade está ligada ao fato de existir e não à mera capacidade biológica, psicológica ou a qualquer outra avaliação social. Está baseada na ética ontológica, de natureza universal. Logo, não é fundada em mera ética dos direitos ou da utilidade, sujeita a valorações externas, de natureza social. A realidade do ser humano é que ele é possuidor de plena qualificação antropológica e ética. O ser humano traz impressos em si a própria dignidade e o próprio valor. Há nexo intrínseco entre a dimensão ontológica e o valor específico de cada ser humano. A objeção de consciência como irradiação do princípio da dignidade da pessoa humana completa o estudo. Daí também considerar-se que os Direitos Humanos são inerentes à personalidade do trabalhador. No último capítulo, cuidou-se de especificar a evolução da jurisprudência relativa ao essencial direito de acesso à Justiça. Também foram referidos os direitos da mulher trabalhadora, especialmente a garantia de emprego, ou estabilidade, da gestante, bem como os direitos dos trabalhadores infectado infectados pelo vírus HIV ou portadores de outra doença grave que suscite estigma ou preconceito. / The main goal of this thesis is the specific assessment of the Fundamental Human Rights and its respective principles, especially those related to human dignity and the social value of work, as well as the relationship among those with Labor Law and Procedural Labor Law. The opportunity (or need) for this work resulted from the constant presence, in applications, discussions and Court decisions, of references to Fundamental Human Rights and to the principle of human dignity the most important amongst Human Rights and also set forth by (and in) the Federal Constitution. This is a result from the authors daily experience as a judge, especially after the broadening of the powers of the Labor Courts following Constitutional Amendment n. 45/2004, and therefore the concerns with the efficiency and the effectiveness of the inclusion of Human Rights in Positive Law. The author reviews the assessment of the terminology, with the review of different notions, on the basis of the various theoretical tendencies. The author took as indispensable to review the evolution of the concept in History, Philosophy and Theology and its inclusion in Positive Law. In the latter, as a landmark stands the 1789 Declaration of Human Rights, from which the author walks through the history of the different provisions regarding fundamental civil liberties, in view of the social circumstances at the time. Historical elements were also brought to the study of The Universal Declaration of Human Rights, from December 20, 1948, issued by the United Nations Organization. The author assesses the relationship between Labor Law and the Fundamental Human Rights. As a projection of the personality of the worker, the essence of Labor Law is just one of the perspectives of the Human Rights if not the Human Rights themselves, as the identification among them is extensive. The author reviews the different schools of Natural Law, since Greece, through Rome, the Middle Ages and pre-modern period, in Patristic and Scholastic, until the Natural Law as defined by what came to be known as the Age of Enlightenment. In one chapter, more specifically, Human Rights were considered as Universal Rights. The concept was adopted in the meaning that dignity is linked to the existence and not to the mere biological or psychological ability, nor to any other social evaluation. It is based in the ontological ethics, of a universal nature. Therefore, it is not based in the mere ethics of rights or utility, subject to external valuations, of a social nature. The human being reality is that he or she is the owner of full anthropological and ethical qualification. The human being has imprinted in him or herself its own dignity and value. There is an intrinsic bond between the ontological dimension and the specific value of every human being. Conscientious objection as the irradiation of the human dignity principle completes the study. Therefore the author also considers that the Human Rights are inherent to the workers personality. In the last chapter, the author specifies the evolution of the case law regarding the essential right of access to Justice. Also reviewed are the rights of working women, such as, especially, work assurance, or stability, of pregnant women; HIV-infected workers or bearers of other serious illness leading to stigmas or prejudice.

Orientador: Antônio Alberto Machado / Resumo: O presente trabalho tem por objetivo analisar a violação aos direitos humanos fundamentais, especificamente aos direitos de segunda dimensão, questão intimamente relacionada com a desigualdade e com a atual disposição do sistema tributário brasileiro. Estuda-se o atual contexto de inefetividade dos aludidos direitos a partir da consolidação do capitalismo e do Estado Democrático de Direito até a promessa por direitos consagrada na Constituição Federal de 1988. A desigualdade e a pobreza, consubstanciadas em privações múltiplas, atingem os cidadãos brasileiros e perpetuam o cenário desolador de carência pela concretização dos direitos sociais. A conjuntura atual possui intima relação com o sistema tributário nacional e o desrespeito aos princípios decorrentes da igualdade, como a isonomia tributária e a capacidade contributiva, alicerçadas no dever de progressividade do sistema atual. Utiliza-se o método dedutivo com uma base teórica de aplicação prática subsidiária, valendo-se, de maneira auxiliar, do método histórico como meio de compreender a relação entre os direitos sociais, as dicotomias de classe com a tributação e a desigualdade. Nesse sentido, o trabalho emprega uma visão crítica quanto à teoria dos direitos humanos fundamentais e quanto à atuação estatal. As conclusões fundamentais são: a desigualdade tem correlação direta com a inefetividade dos direitos sociais; a igualdade é princípio norteador do sistema tributário brasileiro; indivíduos pobres sofrem múltiplas d... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The goal of this study is to analyze the violation of fundamental human rights, specifically to the second dimension rights, an issue closely related to inequality and to the current disposition of the Brazilian tax system. The current context of ineffectiveness of the aforementioned rights is studied, starting from the consolidation of capitalism and the Democratic State of Law to the promise for rights consecrated in the Federal Constitution of 1988. Inequality and poverty, embodied in multiple privations, affect Brazilian citizens and perpetuate the desolate scenario of need for the materialization of the social rights.The current conjucture has an intimate relation with the national tax system and the disrespect to the principles resulting from equality, like the tributary isonomy and the ability-to-pay taxation, based on the duty of progressivity of the current system. The deductive method is used with a theoretical basis of subsidiary practical appplication, using, as an auxiliary, historical mathod as a means of understanding the relation between social rights, class dichotomies with taxation and inequality. In that sense, the word employs a critical view on the theory of fundamental human rights ando n the state action. The fundamental conclusion are: inequality has a direct correlation with the ineffectiveness of social rights; equality is the guiding principle of the Brazilian tax system; poor individuals suffer multiple inequalities; taxation is indispensable for t... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

O objetivo essencial da tese é o exame específico dos Direitos Humanos Fundamentais e dos princípios respectivos, sobretudo aqueles relativos à dignidade da pessoa humana e ao valor social do trabalho, bem como da relação destes com o Direito do Trabalho e com o Direito Processual do Trabalho. A oportunidade (ou necessidade) para este estudo resultou da constante referência, nas petições, nos debates e nas decisões dos Juízes e Tribunais do Trabalho, aos Direitos Humanos Fundamentais, assim como ao princípio da dignidade da pessoa humana o mais importante na menção aos Direitos Humanos e, também, consagrado pela (e na) Constituição Federal. Trata-se de projeção de tais preocupações da vivência diária, como juiz, sobretudo depois da ampliação da competência da Justiça do Trabalho, decorrente da Emenda Constitucional n. 45, de 2004. Daí resultou a verificação da efetividade e eficácia da inclusão dos Direitos Humanos no Direito positivo. Há estudo da terminologia. Passou-se ao estudo das diversas concepções, segundo as variadas correntes doutrinárias. Entendeu-se indispensável a leitura da sua evolução, na história, na filosofia, na teologia, e da sua inclusão no Direito positivo. Adotou-se como marco, neste último, a Declaração dos Direitos do Homem, de 1789, percorrendo-se a história dos diversos artigos, relacionados especificamente às liberdades fundamentais, diante da conjuntura social então vigente. Também foram trazidos elementos históricos para o estudo da Declaração Universal dos Direitos do Homem, de 20 de dezembro de 1948, da Organização das Nações Unidas. Verificou-se a relação entre o Direito do Trabalho e os Direitos Humanos Fundamentais. Como projeção da personalidade do trabalhador, a essência do Direito do Trabalho é apenas uma das vertentes dos Direitos Humanos senão os próprios Direitos Humanos, já que a identificação é ampla. Foram examinadas as diversas escolas do Direito Natural, desde a Grécia, através de Roma, da Idade Média e do período pré-moderno, na Patrística e na Escolástica, até o Direito Natural nos termos estabelecidos pelo que se convencionou chamar de Iluminismo. Num dos capítulos, especificamente, foram considerados os Direitos Humanos como direitos universais. O conceito foi adotado no sentido de que a dignidade está ligada ao fato de existir e não à mera capacidade biológica, psicológica ou a qualquer outra avaliação social. Está baseada na ética ontológica, de natureza universal. Logo, não é fundada em mera ética dos direitos ou da utilidade, sujeita a valorações externas, de natureza social. A realidade do ser humano é que ele é possuidor de plena qualificação antropológica e ética. O ser humano traz impressos em si a própria dignidade e o próprio valor. Há nexo intrínseco entre a dimensão ontológica e o valor específico de cada ser humano. A objeção de consciência como irradiação do princípio da dignidade da pessoa humana completa o estudo. Daí também considerar-se que os Direitos Humanos são inerentes à personalidade do trabalhador. No último capítulo, cuidou-se de especificar a evolução da jurisprudência relativa ao essencial direito de acesso à Justiça. Também foram referidos os direitos da mulher trabalhadora, especialmente a garantia de emprego, ou estabilidade, da gestante, bem como os direitos dos trabalhadores infectado infectados pelo vírus HIV ou portadores de outra doença grave que suscite estigma ou preconceito. / The main goal of this thesis is the specific assessment of the Fundamental Human Rights and its respective principles, especially those related to human dignity and the social value of work, as well as the relationship among those with Labor Law and Procedural Labor Law. The opportunity (or need) for this work resulted from the constant presence, in applications, discussions and Court decisions, of references to Fundamental Human Rights and to the principle of human dignity the most important amongst Human Rights and also set forth by (and in) the Federal Constitution. This is a result from the authors daily experience as a judge, especially after the broadening of the powers of the Labor Courts following Constitutional Amendment n. 45/2004, and therefore the concerns with the efficiency and the effectiveness of the inclusion of Human Rights in Positive Law. The author reviews the assessment of the terminology, with the review of different notions, on the basis of the various theoretical tendencies. The author took as indispensable to review the evolution of the concept in History, Philosophy and Theology and its inclusion in Positive Law. In the latter, as a landmark stands the 1789 Declaration of Human Rights, from which the author walks through the history of the different provisions regarding fundamental civil liberties, in view of the social circumstances at the time. Historical elements were also brought to the study of The Universal Declaration of Human Rights, from December 20, 1948, issued by the United Nations Organization. The author assesses the relationship between Labor Law and the Fundamental Human Rights. As a projection of the personality of the worker, the essence of Labor Law is just one of the perspectives of the Human Rights if not the Human Rights themselves, as the identification among them is extensive. The author reviews the different schools of Natural Law, since Greece, through Rome, the Middle Ages and pre-modern period, in Patristic and Scholastic, until the Natural Law as defined by what came to be known as the Age of Enlightenment. In one chapter, more specifically, Human Rights were considered as Universal Rights. The concept was adopted in the meaning that dignity is linked to the existence and not to the mere biological or psychological ability, nor to any other social evaluation. It is based in the ontological ethics, of a universal nature. Therefore, it is not based in the mere ethics of rights or utility, subject to external valuations, of a social nature. The human being reality is that he or she is the owner of full anthropological and ethical qualification. The human being has imprinted in him or herself its own dignity and value. There is an intrinsic bond between the ontological dimension and the specific value of every human being. Conscientious objection as the irradiation of the human dignity principle completes the study. Therefore the author also considers that the Human Rights are inherent to the workers personality. In the last chapter, the author specifies the evolution of the case law regarding the essential right of access to Justice. Also reviewed are the rights of working women, such as, especially, work assurance, or stability, of pregnant women; HIV-infected workers or bearers of other serious illness leading to stigmas or prejudice.

Orientador: Antônio Alberto Machado / Resumo: Tendo em vista os disparates existentes entre o plano formal dos Direitos Humanos Fundamentais e o plano material de efetivação desses direitos, esta pesquisa parte da premissa que os Direito s Humanos Fundamentais não são efetivados no Brasil. Desse modo, a pesquisa tem o principal objetivo de questionar se é possível a efetivação dos Direitos Humanos Fundamentais no País, diante não só d o neoliberalismo , mas também das heranças nacionais da dependência e da escravidão. Busca se, assim, compreender inicialmente o que são os Direitos Humanos Fundamentais e como as diferentes correntes teóricas conceituam esses direitos. Desse modo, foi proposto uma divisão epistemológica entre as Corren tes Clássicas Tradicion ais e as Contra Teorias dos Direitos Humanos Fundamentais. As Contra Teorias foram divididas em Teorias Críticas ; Escola U spiana do A lysson M ascaro Perspectiva de Karl Marx na obra A Questão J udai ca ””. Após a compreensão epistemológica das diferentes correntes, o trab alho buscou compreender o capitalismo e o neoliberalismo, bem como as heranças nacionais da dependência e da escravidão. A pesquisa se pauta no paradigma da dialética do direito. Dessa maneira, para conseguir executar os objetivos da pesquisa, utilizou se da pesquisa bibliográfi ca, sendo realizada coleta de informações com caráter exploratório. Também foi aplicada a metodologia comparativa e dedutiva. Uma das conclusões encontradas é que embora a emancipação humana só seja possível com a superaçã... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Given the existing nonsense between the formal plan of Fundamental Human Rights and the material plan for the realization of these rights, this research assumes that Fundamental Human Rights are not implemented in Brazil. Thus, the research has the main objective of questioning if it is possible the realization of the Fundamental Human Rights in the Country, facing not only neoliberalism, but also the national inheritances of dependence and slavery. Thus, we seek initially to understand what Fundamental Human Rights are and how the different theoretical currents conceptualize these rights. Thus, an epistemological division was proposed between the Traditional Classical Currents and the Counter-Theories of Fundamental Human Rights. Counter-Theories were divided into Critical Theories; Alysson Mascaro Uspian School; Karl Marx's perspective on the book The Jewish Question. After epistemological understanding of the different currents, the work sought to understand capitalism and neoliberalism, as well as the national inheritances of dependence and slavery. The research is based on the paradigm of the dialectic of law. Thus, in order to be able to execute the research objectives, we used the bibliographic research, and exploratory information was collected. The comparative and deductive methodology was also applied. One of the conclusions is that although human emancipation is only possible with the overcoming of the capitalist structure, political emancipation is possible in cur... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The discourse of fundamental human rights present in the sentences of the Superior Labor Court (SLC) in the period 1988 to 2008, is the object of study discussed as a problem the reference to the Marxist critique of legal ideology. The overall objective is to formulate a critique of the discourse of fundamental human rights contained in the proceedings of the SLC and propose elements for understanding the content of fundamental human rights ontological perspective. It is research of quantitative and qualitative approach developed from the research of documents in the database of sentences of the TST. The exploratory and quantitative sentences was conducted with the program Statistica 6.0. And then we proceeded to the qualitative analysis with the method of criticism from the juridical application of two categories: Assumptions of market circulation, and conditions for exchange and use of the workforce. The study showed that the SLC appears to be twice as an instrument of capital in maintaining its continuous circuit. On the one hand, because the rights are an expression of the assumptions and conditions of the circuit and business transactions, on the other, because the capital was favored in most cases that was manifested in the ideology of fundamental rights. It is noteworthy also that access to justice is not franchised to all workers, due to the high cost of technical and bureaucratic processes, expressing thus the overdetermination of the sphere of production in relation to the law, which characterizes the ontonegativity of legality. / O discurso dos direitos humanos fundamentais presente nos acórdãos do Tribunal Superior do Trabalho (TST), no período de 1988 a 2008, é o objeto de estudo problematizado com o referencial marxista da crítica da ideologia jurídica. O objetivo geral é formular uma crítica ao discurso dos direitos humanos fundamentais contido nos processos judiciais do TST, bem como propor elementos para a compreensão do conteúdo dos direitos humanos fundamentais numa perspectiva ontológica. Trata-se de pesquisa de abordagem quanti-qualitativa desenvolvida com pesquisa documental na base de dados dos acórdãos do TST. O estudo exploratório e quantitativo dos acórdãos foi conduzido com o programa Statistica 6.0. Em seguida, procedeu-se à análise qualitativa com o método da crítica jurídica a partir da aplicação de duas categorias: pressupostos da circulação mercantil, e condições necessárias ao intercâmbio e uso da força de trabalho. O estudo evidenciou que o TST revela-se duplamente como instrumento do capital na manutenção de seu circuito contínuo. De um lado, porque os direitos são expressão dos pressupostos e das condições do circuito de transações mercantis; e de outro, porque o capital foi favorecido na maioria dos processos em que fora manifestada a ideologia dos direitos fundamentais. Destaca-se, ainda, que o acesso ao judiciário não é franqueado à totalidade dos trabalhadores, em decorrência do alto custo dos processos técnico-burocráticos, expressando, assim, a sobredeterminação da esfera da produção em relação ao direito, o que caracteriza a ontonegatividade da juridicidade. / Mestre em Direito Público

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:35:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Denise Vital e Silva.pdf: 1361691 bytes, checksum: c9d33ad5a22aee19ce1e7670f4b0be55 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-12-10 / In the search for the suppression of regional, supranational and international economic differences, Countries, yet integral parts of international treaties and conventions, mostly, fail to observe the social aspects of the agreements, disregarding, thereby, and as clipping of the study, minimum standards for labor, among which stand out those relating to the prohibition of discriminatory practices in labor. Aiming to prevent and combat discrimination at labor in Brazil, and being certain the need to concrete integration of the Country in the context of supranational and international economic integration, sought to demonstrate the urgency of promoting and scaling up of public policies in the Brazilian scenario, since convergent and harmonized to the dictates of international regimes such as the International Labour Organization (ILO) and the World Trade Organization (WTO) regimes that should be, in turn, strengthened against the possibility of requiring compliance with social clauses contained in the alluded international treaties and conventions and, thus, boost the fundamental human rights in the labor, as the rights to own dignified labor, decent labor, and to equality and non-discrimination, and assist the strengthening of civil society, promoting the good of all and allowing the resumption of the economic and social development of Brazilian State. / Na busca pela supressão de diferenças econômicas regionais, supranacionais e internacionais, os Países, ainda que partes integrantes de tratados e convenções internacionais, em sua grande maioria, deixam de observar os aspectos sociais dos acordos, desrespeitando, assim, e como recorte do estudo, padrões mínimos laborais, dentre os quais se destacam os relativos à proibição de práticas discriminatórias no labor. Objetivando a prevenção e o combate das discriminações no trabalho no Brasil, e sendo certa a necessidade da concreta inserção do País no quadro de integrações econômicas supranacionais e internacionais, procura-se demonstrar a urgência da promoção e incrementação de políticas públicas no cenário brasileiro, desde que convergentes e harmonizadas aos ditames de regimes internacionais como a Organização Internacional do Trabalho (OIT) e a Organização Mundial do Comércio (OMC) regimes que devem ser, por sua vez, robustecidos com a possibilidade de exigência de cumprimento de cláusulas sociais constantes dos aludidos tratados e convenções internacionais , e que, assim, impulsionem os direitos humanos fundamentais no labor, como os direitos ao próprio trabalho digno, decente, e à igualdade e não discriminação, e auxiliem o fortalecimento da sociedade civil, promovendo-se o bem de todos e se permitindo a retomada do desenvolvimento econômico e social do Estado brasileiro.