Orientador: Nelson Alfredo Aguilar / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-26T21:06:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Nucci_Angela_D.pdf: 4545897 bytes, checksum: b757c0ee381a614e4de58b61e1dd3526 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015 / Resumo: A presente tese tem por objetivo discutir quais seriam as ligações entre o pensamento artístico-filosófico de Kazímir Sievierínovitch Maliévitch (1879-1935) ao longo dos anos de 1920 em relação aos debates da intelligentsia russa do início do século XX, especialmente aqueles ligados à tradição filosófico-mística. A preocupação de estudar Maliévitch frente a alguns de seus contemporâneos ocorre para entender o "sentido e o espírito" de um determinado período histórico e, embora as escolhas bibliográficas revelem interesse pela Filosofia russa, não se trata de uma tese centrada no âmbito da Filosofia, mas sim da História da Arte e suas ligações com a História Intelectual e a História Cultural. Ao longo de sua trajetória, Maliévitch fez uso de conceitos relacionados à tradição filosófica como intuição, mística, não-objetividade, infinito e transfiguração. Houve, portanto, a intenção de apresentar e discutir estes termos dentro de uma coerência interna que integrasse aspectos históricos e artísticos. Desconfiando da razão iluminista e das abordagens cientificistas do conhecimento, muitos pensadores russos viam na intuição, na individualidade criativa e no espírito o caminho para um conhecimento transcendente; pensamento perseguido pelo regime soviético, que no início de 1920 determinou a prisão e a deportação para o Ocidente de uma série de intelectuais russos. Dentre este grupo é possível citar alguns dos mais destacados pensadores russos do início do século XX, como Nikolai A. Berdiáev, Nikolai O. Losski, Pável A. Floriênski e Sierguéi N. Bulgákov. Estes filósofos retomavam alguns dos debates eslavófilos do século XIX e buscavam gerar novas discussões no campo filosófico, social e cultural, frente aos contextos pré e pós-revolucionários. A partir desse panorama, buscou-se pensar em um quadro mais amplo sobre os significados de algumas das questões abordadas por Maliévitch em seus tratados e em suas obras. Em um primeiro momento, buscou-se refletir sobre a produção pictórica pós-suprematista de Maliévitch, tanto no que diz respeito a sua ligação com a tradição popular e religiosa, quanto aos problemas e significados no contexto ideológico e artístico do período soviético. Um segundo ponto discutido, refere-se aos desdobramentos dos debates místicos no projeto artístico de Maliévitch, especialmente no período em que o artista viveu na cidade de Vitebsk, a qual acolheu pela mesma época figuras da importância de Mikhail M. Bakhtin e Pável N. Miedvédiev; estudiosos que estavam ligados a discussões e associações religiosas. Em um terceiro nível, a redação concentra-se no problema da representação artística e da livre criação no quadro da reconstrução social e de um "novo homem" no período em que existia um forte enfrentamento ideológico entre as correntes produtivistas, defensoras do desenvolvimento de uma "cultura material" e as correntes não-figurativas, nomeadas como "místicas" ou "subjetivas" por defenderem valores espirituais. Por fim, buscou-se evidenciar como a questão da representação artística na obra de Maliévitch, ligada ao reconhecimento de uma verdade dissociada da concepção objetiva da realidade, estava inserida em um conjunto de ideias que ganhou proporção suficiente para se tornar uma ameaça e ser diretamente combatido pelo regime soviético / Abstract: The present thesis aims to discuss what would be the connections between the artistic and philosophical thought of Kazimir Severinovich Malevich (1879-1935) along the 1920s compared to the debates of the Russian intelligentsia of the early twentieth century, especially those related to philosophical and mystical tradition. The concern of studying Malevich before some of his contemporaries is to understand the "meaning and the spirit" of a particular historical period, and although the bibliographic choices show interest in the Russian philosophy, it is not a thesis centered within the philosophy, but on Art History and its links to Intellectual History and Cultural History. Throughout his career, Malevich made use of concepts related to the philosophical tradition, such as intuition, mysticism, non-objectivity, infinite and transfiguration. Therefore, the intention was to present and discuss these terms within an internal coherence that integrates historical and artistic aspects. Distrusting enlightenment reason and scientistic approaches to knowledge, many Russian thinkers saw on intuition, creative individuality and spirit, the way to a transcendent knowledge; idea pursued by the Soviet regime, which in the early 1920s led to the arrest and deportation to the West of a number of Russian intellectuals. Among this group we can mention some of the most prominent Russian thinkers of the early twentieth century, as Nicolai A. Berdyaev, Nicolai O. Lossky, Pavel A. Florensky and Sergei N. Bulgakov. These philosophers retook some of the Slavophiles debates of the nineteenth century and sought to generate new discussions on philosophical, social and cultural fields, compared to pre and post-revolutionary contexts. From this background, we tried to think of a broader picture of the meanings of some of the issues addressed by Malevich in his treatises and in his works. At first, we tried to reflect on the pictorial production post-Suprematist of Malevich, both with regard to their connection with the popular and religious tradition, the problems and meanings in the ideological and artistic context of the Soviet period. A second point discussed refers to the unfolding of the mystics debates in the artistic design of Malevich, especially in the period in which the artist lived in the city of Vitebsk, which hosted the same time figures of the importance of Mikhail M. Bakhtin and Pavel N. Medvedev; scholars who were linked to discussions and religious associations. On a third level, the essay focuses on the problem of artistic representation and free creation in the context of social reconstruction and a "new man" in the period in which there was a strong ideological confrontation between the productivist currents, advocates the development of a "material culture" and the current non-figurative, named "mystical" or "subjective" for defending spiritual values. Finally, we sought to show how the issue of artistic representation in the work of Malevich, linked to the recognition of a dissociated truth of the objective conception of reality, was inserted into a set of ideas that gained sufficient proportion to become a threat and be directly fought by the Soviet regime / Doutorado / Historia da Arte / Doutora em História

The dissertation work deals with the organization of artistic life in the context of totalitarian regimes and its reflection in the Czech lands with the attention to fine arts education. It defines two types of artistic education - academic and modernistic. Significant interest is modern art infiltration into a cultural field in connection with social changes of interwar Russia and Italy. Historical research, Pierre Bourdieu's analytical approaches, analysis of Czechoslovak cultural, fine art and fine art pedagogically oriented magazines printed between 1919 - 1939 are the methods used for searching information. In terms of possibilities in Russia the biggest independence appeared in graphic design as means of modern visualization. However, the artists reached the position in the artistic field and following token power by taking social posts, especially teaching jobs, and often at the expense of their own espression. Italian authors voluntarily adapted their modernist creation to political development. Forms of their styles were much wider. The avantgarde quite smoothly managed to integrate into official culture. The most significant examle is aeropittura, which encouraged the cult of modern technologies and military power of fascistic Italy, and also which fluently continued in futuristic basis....

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The prevalence of images of the fragmented bodies of nonhuman animals is largely unaccounted for in the history of interwar European art, photography, and cinema, a result of the historical marginalization of the slaughterhouse to the edges of Western culture. But despite, and sometimes because of, the suppression of the visibility of the abattoir, visions of the grisly world of modern animal production form a sizeable and important subset of avant-garde art, photography, film, and literature beginning in the 1920s. No significant studies have placed images of real, disassembled animals into a broader account of avant-garde photography, nor have they made the connection between the great increase in photographic and filmic art and media in the period and the simultaneously rapid growth of animal production leading up to and during it. I argue that the interwar period witnessed a profound interplay between the industrial slaughterhouse, visual culture, and avant-garde art, marked by the dual meaning of Nicole Shukin’s conceptualization of rendering as both the creating of images of and the material processing of nonhuman animal bodies. I assert that through the use of animal-derived gelatin, the industrial processing of animals helped to fuel the explosive growth of photography, cinema, and thus visual culture in the period. I examine a number of examples of artistic and photographic works that picture slaughter animals, ironically through a medium (photography) that is materially tied to the history and conditions of the abattoir, revealing a poignant connection between the content of the images seen and the form of their material substrate. I further read the photographic projects under study in this dissertation as each in their own way turning our attention to the material precarity of the animal body, both human and nonhuman, and a questioning of the human/animal divide that had been accelerating since the nineteenth century.

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Ce mémoire s’inscrit dans le cadre d’un projet de recherche s’intitulant : « Judiciarisation des personnes vivant avec un problème de santé mentale: une recherche en théorisation ancrée sur la perception des patients judiciarisés et le personnel soignant » mené par les professeurs Etienne Paradis-Gagné, Dave Holmes et Emmanuelle Bernheim, et explorant l’interaction entre la psychiatrie et le système de justice selon la perspective des personnes vivant avec un problème de santé mentale et du personnel infirmier. La présente étude, prenant la forme d’une analyse secondaire des données, porte sur les perceptions des infirmières quant aux enjeux associés à la pratique infirmière en urgence psychiatrique auprès de personnes admises sous garde en établissement. En effet, la littérature démontre que la pratique infirmière en contexte de garde comporte plusieurs enjeux pour les soignants qui rencontrent des difficultés à concilier diverses obligations et responsabilités. Ceux-ci doivent non seulement prendre en considération les besoins des patients et respecter leurs droits, mais aussi se conformer aux exigences du système de soins et de santé, aux contraintes du système judiciaire et aux normes culturelles de l'établissement dans lequel ils exercent. En se basant sur une analyse secondaire des entrevues semi-dirigées, les perceptions de cinq infirmières (n=5) travaillant à l’urgence psychiatrique d’un hôpital en santé mentale ont été explorées. La méthode d’analyse thématique de Paillé et Mucchielli (2021) a été utilisée. Trois thèmes centraux ont été identifiés: 1) Enjeux liés au contexte de pratique; 2) Les dimensions multiples de la pratique infirmière en contexte de garde en établissement; 3) Enjeux propres à la pratique de la garde en établissement. Ces résultats ont permis de faire ressortir plusieurs enjeux (contextuels/ organisationnels, cliniques/thérapeutiques, légaux, éthiques) avec lesquels les infirmières travaillant auprès de personnes admises sous garde en établissement composent au quotidien. La théorie de l’« institution totale » développée par le sociologue Goffman (1968) a guidé notre étude sur le plan conceptuel. En s'appuyant sur les concepts clés de Goffman, notre étude a permis d'approfondir la compréhension des dynamiques institutionnelles à l'urgence psychiatrique, enrichissant ainsi les perspectives professionnelles et appelant à une réflexion autour d'approches innovantes de soins et de services offerts aux personnes admises sous garde en établissement. / This research is part of a project entitled: The Judiciarization of People Living with Mental Illness: A Grounded Theory on the Perceptions of Persons Involuntary Admitted in Psychiatric Institution. The project, led by professors Etienne Paradis-Gagné, Dave Holmes, and Emmanuelle Bernheim, explores the intersection of psychiatry and the justice system from the perspectives of patients with mental health issues and mental health nurses. The present study, conducted as a secondary data analysis, specifically focuses on nurses' perceptions regarding the challenges associated with psychiatric emergency nursing practice for individuals involuntarily admitted in a healthcare facility. The literature shows that nursing practice in the context of involuntary admission presents several challenges for nurses who encounter difficulties in reconciling multiple allegiances and responsibilities. They must not only consider the needs and rights of patients, but also adhere to the requirements of the healthcare system, the constraints of the justice system, and the cultural norms of the institution in which they practice. Secondary analyses were conducted based on semi-structured interviews with nurses (n=5) working in the psychiatric emergency department of a mental health hospital. The thematic analysis method by Paillé and Mucchielli (2021) was employed. Three central themes were identified: 1) Challenges related to the practice context; 2) Multiple dimensions of nursing practice in the context of involuntary admission; 3) Challenges specific to the practice of involuntary admission. These results highlighted various challenges (contextual/organizational, clinical/therapeutic, legal, and ethical) faced by nurses dealing with involuntarily admitted patients. The conceptual framework of Goffman's "Total institution" theory (1968) guided our study. By leveraging Goffman's key concepts, our study deepened the understanding of institutional dynamics in psychiatric emergency settings, enriching professional perspectives and contributing to a more profound reflection on avenues for guiding future nursing research improving the quality of care and services for individuals involuntarily admitted in a healthcare facility.

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Cette étude qualitative documente l’expérience de 13 jeunes adultes (âge moyen : 22 ans) qui, alors qu’ils étaient enfants, ont connu la séparation de leurs parents. Cette séparation conflictuelle a été portée devant les tribunaux en raison de l’incapacité des parents d’en arriver à un accord sur la garde. Le mémoire porte spécifiquement sur la parole de l’enfant dans ce processus, ce que la séparation leur fait vivre et ce qu’elle entraîne sur différents plans de leur vie. Des entrevues semi-dirigées ont permis de recueillir l’expérience de sept participants entendus par un des acteurs du système juridique (un juge, un avocat ou un expert psychosocial) lors du litige et six non entendus. L’enfant vit plusieurs conséquences liées au conflit de séparation, dont la principale étant que ses relations avec sa famille, ses amis et son entourage sont souvent affectées. Plus particulièrement, la relation parent-enfant est affectée pendant une période variable. L’enfant est souvent pris dans le conflit parental et se sent déchiré. Plusieurs de ses besoins ne sont pas répondus. Il existe des similitudes et des différences entre les jeunes ayant été entendus ou non. Généralement, les participants ayant été entendus se sont sentis plus écoutés et compris. Ils ont senti que leur opinion était importante aux yeux des autres acteurs. Ils ont souvent eu le choix d’être entendus ou non comparativement à ceux non entendus. Ils sont généralement plus satisfaits de la décision rendue. Selon les jeunes, peu importe l’acteur du système l’ayant entendu, le lien de confiance, la neutralité de l’intervenant (juge, avocat ou expert psychosocial) et le savoir-être de celui-ci sont des facteurs essentiels pour rendre son expérience positive. De nombreux participants n’ont pas reçu d’aide formelle lors de ces situations et la majorité considère qu’elle aurait été bénéfique. Les enfants vivant ce type de situation bénéficieraient d’un système d’aide plus systématique. / The aim of this qualitative study was to document the experience of 13 young adults (mean age 22 years old) who underwent the separation of their parents when they were children. Considering a conflicting separation, the issue was brought to court because of the inability of the parents to reach a satisfying agreement regarding custody of the child. This project deals specifically with the voice of the child in the process, what they have been through and the consequences on different aspects of their life. Semi-structured interviews gathered the experience of seven participants heard by one of the different actors in the legal system (i.e.: judge, lawyer or psychosocial expert) during litigation and six who have not been heard. The results show that the child experiences several consequences related to a conflictual separation, mainly on their relationships with family, friends and other loved ones. More specifically, the parent-child relationship tends to be affected for a variable period of time. The child often reports a feeling of being caught in the parental conflict and feels being torn apart. Many of his needs are not met. This study underlines some similarities and differences between young people who have been heard and those who have not been. Overall, the participants who were heard felt more listened to and understood. They felt like their opinion was important to the other actors. They often were offered the choice of being heard or not, compared with those who have not been heard. The former group is generally more satisfied with the decision rendered. According to the participants who have been heard, regardless of the legal system worker they interacted with, the bond of trust, the neutrality of the individual (judge, lawyer or psychosocial expert) and the interpersonal skills of the latter are essential factors in making the process a positive experience. Many participants have not received formal help in these situations and the majority considers it would have been helpful Children who undergo that type of situation would benefit from a more systematic support system.

Alors qu'on observe une augmentation des situations familiales où le père a la garde partagée ou principale de son enfant à la suite d'une séparation conjugale (Biland & Schultz, 2013), la majorité des travaux de recherche sur l'engagement parental des pères séparés se sont jusqu'à présent intéressés aux pères non résidents, et ce, en recourant à des modèles théoriques et à des mesures qui ne prennent pas en compte les contraintes en termes de temps et d'accessibilité à l'enfant que vivent les pères séparés (Hawkins & Palkovitz, 1999; Pasley & Braver, 2004). En découle alors une certaine méconnaissance de l'engagement paternel en contexte de séparation, que la présente thèse et ses trois articles empiriques visent à pallier. Les articles reposent sur l'analyse de données du premier temps de mesure de l'Enquête longitudinale des parents séparés et recomposés du Québec (Saint-Jacques et al., 2018), pour lequel un échantillon représentatif de 656 pères d'enfants de moins de 14 ans, vivant au Québec, au Canada, et qui se sont séparés entre 2016 et 2018, ont rempli un questionnaire en ligne. Le premier article de cette thèse emploie des analyses factorielles confirmatoires pour démontrer la validité empirique d'une nouvelle mesure documentant l'engagement des pères séparés, relativement à l'autre parent, dans les activités d'engagement positif, les soins indirects et la prise de décisions concernant l'enfant, et ce, peu importe le sexe et l'âge de ce dernier. Sur la base de cette nouvelle mesure, le deuxième article fait appel à des analyses par équations structurales pour démontrer qu'un plus grand bien-être psychologique du père et plus de temps de garde contribuent à expliquer davantage d'engagement paternel en contexte de séparation. Une moindre qualité de la relation coparentale est associée à davantage d'engagement paternel lorsque le père est plus engagé que l'autre parent. Enfin, les analyses de profils latents menées pour le troisième article font ressortir quatre profils d'engagement paternel post-séparation relatif à l'autre parent, soit récréatif (recreational), équilibré (balanced), à portée de main (on-hand) et endosseur de charges(load-bearing). Ces profils se distinguent par le niveau général d'engagement des pères relatif à l'autre parent, mais également par le niveau d'engagement dans chacune des trois dimensions mesurées. Les pères des profils récréatif et endosseur de charges ont un revenu et un niveau d'éducation plus faibles et vivent plus loin de l'autre parent que ceux du profil équilibré. Bien que fortement associés aux profils d'engagement paternel, différents types de garde au père (non résident, partagée, principale) sont représentés dans chaque profil. De l'ensemble de ces résultats se dégagent des perspectives de recherche et des pistes d'intervention. La présente thèse souligne en effet l'importance d'adopter une approche multidimensionnelle de l'engagement paternel post-séparation et ouvre sur la pertinence de bonifier la mesure élaborée dans l'article empirique 1, mais aussi à réfléchir à d'autres façons de mesurer l'engagement paternel en contexte de séparation. Outre les enjeux de mesures, un devis longitudinal pourrait permettre de clarifier la direction des associations entre les variables, notamment celles étudiées dans l'article empirique 2, de même qu'à documenter la contribution de l'engagement parental du père à la qualité de la relation père-enfant et la relation coparentale de même que l'impact de cet engagement sur le bien-être psychologique du père lui-même et sur celui de son enfant. D'autres travaux de recherche sont aussi nécessaires afin de mieux comprendre certaines associations, dont celle entre l'engagement paternel et la qualité de la relation coparentale dans le sous-groupe de pères plus engagés que l'autre parent. Les profils identifiés dans l'article empirique 3 devraient aussi faire l'objet d'autres travaux de recherche, entre autres pour documenter leur représentativité ailleurs qu'au Québec de même qu'à savoir si les mêmes profils sont obtenus quelques années plus tard. Enfin, concernant les pistes d'intervention, les résultats de cette thèse soulignent l'importance de porter une attention particulière aux pères défavorisés sur le plan socioéconomique et de promouvoir un engagement parental du père plus égalitaire à celui de l'autre parent. À ce sujet, le temps de garde qu'a le père de son enfant, la qualité de la relation coparentale et le bien-être psychologique du père figurent parmi les cibles d'intervention pertinentes à considérer. / Despite an increase in the prevalence of shared or sole custody being awarded to fathers following parental separation (Biland & Schultz, 2013), most research regarding separated fathers' involvement with their child(ren) has focused on nonresident fathers based on theoretical models and measures that do not consider time and accessibility constraints faced by separated fathers (Hawkins & Palkovitz, 1999; Pasley & Braver, 2004). The result is a limited portrait of separated fathers' parental involvement, which this thesis and its three empirical articles aim to overcome. These articles analyze data from the first time point of the Longitudinal Survey of Separated Parents and Stepfamilies in Quebec, Canada (Saint-Jacques et al., 2018), for which a representative sample of 656 fathers who have a child under 14 years of age and separated between 2016 and 2018 completed an online questionnaire. The first article of this thesis supports the empirical validity of a new measure of separated fathers' parental involvement, relative to the other parent, in positive involvement activities, indirect care and decision-making, regardless of child gender and age. The second article, based on this new measure, shows how greater father psychological well-being and custody time help account for greater parental involvement by separated fathers. A poorer coparenting relationship accounts for greater father involvement, specifically when fathers are more involved than the other parent. Finally, the third article used latent profile analyses to identify four profiles of post-separation father involvement, namely recreational, balanced, on-hand and load-bearing. Profiles differ in fathers' overall level of involvement relative to the other parent, but also in their level of involvement in each of the three dimensions measured. Fathers with recreational and load-bearing profiles are poorer, less educated and live farther away from the other parent than balanced profile fathers. Although custody types (nonresident, shared, sole) are strongly associated with father involvement profiles, different custody types are represented in each profile. These results highlight new avenues for research and intervention. This thesis emphasizes the importance of adopting a multidimensional approach to post-separation father involvement and opens up on both the relevance of improving the measure developed in empirical article 1 and the need to consider other ways of measuring paternal involvement in the context of separation. In addition to measurement issues, a longitudinal design could clarify the direction of associations between variables, particularly those studied in empirical article 2, as well as document the contribution of fathers' parental involvement to father-child and coparenting relationship quality and the impact of father involvement on the psychological well-being of both the father and child. Besides, further research is needed to better understand some of the association, especially the one between separated fathers' involvement and the quality of the co-parenting relationship among fathers who are more involved than the other parent. The profiles identified in article 3 should also be the subject of further research aimed at documenting their representativeness elsewhere than in Quebec and exploring whether the same profiles are found a few years later. Finally, regarding avenues for intervention, the results of this thesis underline the importance of paying special attention to socioeconomically disadvantaged fathers and of promoting equal involvement of fathers in parenting to that of the other parent. In this regard, this research suggests the amount of custody time to fathers, the quality of the coparenting relationship and the psychological well-being of fathers are relevant targets of intervention.

La coparentalité référait initialement à la relation entretenue par les deux parents d'un enfant concernant son éducation et son bienêtre. En contexte de recomposition familiale, cette relation peut s'activer à la fois dans le couple recomposé (un parent et un beau-parent) et dans l'équipe coparentale composée de trois (deux parents et un beau-parent) ou quatre adultes (deux parents et deux beaux-parents). La coparentalité est un concept multidimensionnel composé de six dimensions : le soutien, le conflit, l'accord/désaccord éducatif, l'engagement, la division du travail et la triangulation. Les objectifs de cette thèse sont de comprendre comment ses dimensions se déploient au sein des couples recomposés et des équipes coparentales, mais aussi d'examiner les éléments contextuels qui permettent de comprendre les différents fonctionnements coparentaux des couples et des équipes. L'approche qualitative a été privilégiée et 16 couples recomposés, à la fois mère-beau-père et père-belle-mère, ont participé à une entrevue semi-dirigée. Les résultats ont permis de dégager trois fonctionnements coparentaux propres aux couples recomposés : cohésif équilibré, cohésif déséquilibré et non cohésif déséquilibré. La cohésion fait référence au soutien que s'apportent les membres du couple et l'équilibre/déséquilibre rend compte du niveau d'engagement de chacun. Les couples cohésifs équilibrés se soutiennent et s'engagent de manière relativement équilibrée, que ce soit concernant des aspects disciplinaires, socioéducatifs ou émotionnels. Les couples cohésifs déséquilibrés se soutiennent, mais s'engagent de manière déséquilibrée auprès de l'enfant. L'un des membres va délaisser occasionnellement les aspects disciplinaires. Enfin, les couples non cohésifs déséquilibrés ne se soutiennent pas ou très peu et s'engagent de manière déséquilibrée. C'est souvent le beau-parent qui délaisse entièrement les aspects disciplinaires. Plusieurs éléments ont été rapportés comme venant expliquer ces différents fonctionnements coparentaux. Ils sont relatifs aux enfants (âge, acceptation, personnalité), aux beaux-parents (difficultés liées au rôle, expériences) ainsi qu'au temps, à la famille et à la communication. Trois fonctionnements relatifs aux équipes coparentales sont également mis en évidence : cohésif, non cohésif conflictuel et non cohésif déséquilibré. Les équipes cohésives se soutiennent mutuellement et sont très rarement en conflit. Les équipes non cohésives conflictuelles sont, à l'inverse, régulièrement en conflit et incapables de se soutenir. Enfin, les équipes non cohésives déséquilibrées présentent un faible niveau de conflit et de soutien (soutien unilatéral). L'engagement entre les deux foyers de l'enfant est déséquilibré, l'un d'eux est peu engagé, ce qui amène à la fois peu de soutien et peu de conflits. Finalement, les éléments permettant de comprendre cette diversité sont relatifs à l'autre parent (attitude et comportements, difficultés personnelles, communication), à la qualité de la relation des parents séparés et au temps. / Coparenting refers to the relation between both parents regarding education and well-being of a child. In stepfamilies, these relationships can be active both in the "step couple" (parent and stepparent) and in the coparenting team of three (two parents and one stepparent) or four adults (two parents and two stepparents). Coparenting is a multidimensional concept composed of six dimensions: support, conflict, educative agreement/disagreement, engagement, division of labour and triangulation. The present thesis aims to understand how its dimensions are distributed within step couples and coparenting teams but also to investigate contextual elements, which contribute to the understanding of coparenting patterns in step couples and teams. A qualitative approach has been used and 16 step couples, both mother-stepfather and father-stepmother, participated in a semi-structured interview. Results draw three coparenting functioning patterns specific to step-couples: cohesive balanced, cohesive imbalanced and non-cohesive imbalanced. Cohesion refers to the support between each couple's members and the balanced/imbalanced is related to the level of engagement between each other. Balanced cohesive couples, support each other and are engaged in a balanced way concerning disciplinary, socio-educational and emotional aspects. Imbalanced cohesive couples support each other, but are engaged in an imbalanced way with the child. The stepparent is usually the person who occasionally gives up the disciplinary aspects. Last, the non-cohesive imbalanced couples, don't support each other or just a few and are engaged in an imbalanced way, it means that one of the members gives up totally the disciplinary aspects. Various elements have been reported to explain the different coparenting functioning patterns. These are relative to children (age, acceptance, personality), stepparents (role difficulties, experiences) but also timing, family and communication. Three specific functioning patterns to coparenting teams were also revealed: cohesive, cohesive conflictual and non-cohesive imbalanced. Cohesive teams support each other and are rarely in conflict. On the other hand, cohesive conflictual teams are regularly in conflict but enable to support each other. Last, non-cohesive imbalanced teams are not in conflict, and don't support a lot (unilateral support). Engagement between both households is imbalanced, one of them is too weakly engaged which generates less support and fewer conflicts. Finally, these elements, that allow understanding this diversity, are relative to the other parent (attitude and behaviour, personal difficulties, communication), the quality of the separated parents' relationship and timing.