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Ce mémoire-création présente l'adaptation cinématographique du roman Les Anciens Canadiens de Philippe Aubert de Gaspé. Dans la première partie, il y a présentation du projet, c'est-à-dire le sujet, les personnages, les lieux et le traitement cinématographique proposé. Par la suite se trouve le scénario de long métrage basé sur le roman qui raconte l'histoire de deux amis d'origines différentes séparés par la Guerre de la Conquête. Dans la deuxième partie, un essai de réflexion présente le processus de transposition pour le cinéma du roman Les Anciens Canadiens. Cette analyse effectuée selon le point de vue du créateur explore la littérature, l'Histoire, le cinéma et l'écriture. Le lien entre la recherche et la démarche de création est expliqué grâce à l'expérimentation de la pratique de l'adaptation cinématographique.

This thesis, L'Echec de la litterature quebecoise au XIXe siecle, is focused on the idea that literature was impossible as such in the 19th Century French Quebec. Les Anciens Canadiens serves as a revealer for this issue. The thesis first describes the socio-historical, ideological and literary backgrounds around this novel written by a seignorial class member. So we will see this seignorial class has solidly constituted itself only after the New France transfer to Great Britain. The thesis explains the ideological readjustment after 1837-38 in the French Canadian Society and has an interest in the antagonistic characters of the 19th Century Quebec literary contents: historial and rural novels; patriotic and personal poetry. Next the thesis examines how the Anciens Canadiens text is working, insisting on the logic and the contradictions of this working. Then the thesis explains how it arrived that Les Anciens Canadiens, commanded by a seigniorial ideology, was well received by petit-bourgeois readers. A light is thrown on the possibilities of realism of this novel and the reasons why they have not materialized. Finally, we try to show the contradictions in the petite-bourgeoisie socio-historical situation that have prevented the birth of true literature.

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Quebec knew a long tradition of regionalistic literature since the novel of the soil, tradition with which the writers of Quebec broke for a long time. However, certain writers still practice a regionalistic form of literature, which does not have anything to see with the novel of the soil. Within the literary institution, the regionalistic writers of today seem to belong to a sphere of distinct production. In order to delimit the space occupied by the contemporary regionalistic writers, we based ourselves on the theory of the literary field of Pierre Bourdieu and the theory of the institution of the literature of Jacques Dubois. So as to apply the model of Bourdieu and Dubois to a typical example of contemporary regionalistic writer, we chose to concentrate us on the career of Sylvain Riviere, Gaspesian writer born in 1955. Sylvain Riviere seems to be the regionalistic writer par excellence, who devoted the most part of his work to his region, Gaspesia and the Magdalen Islands. The example of Sylvain Riviere shows us that in spite of his marginality, the regionalistic writer is able to find his place inside the contemporary literary field.

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Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

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