The present study examined men and women veterans diagnosed with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and substance use disorder (SUD). Women in the general public have been found to be at greater risk for a diagnosis of PTSD with life-long symptoms. Current literature involving military men and women veterans is at odds over which gender is more likely to have both PTSD and SUD. This study assessed the variables of gender and diagnosis. It also studied whether the age of female veterans affects their likelihood of having both PTSD and SUD. Archival data were gathered from the Veterans Administration (VA) for veterans seeking care at the VA during Fiscal Years 2011 and 2012. These data were stored on the VA Information Resource Center database; data came from VA medical diagnoses using the International Classifications of Diseases -9 (ICD-9). Participants were 38,656 women veterans and 785,052 male veterans. A chi-square test for goodness of fit revealed that male veterans were more likely than were female veterans to have the comorbid diagnosis of PTSD and SUD. This analysis revealed that women veterans in the 45 - 54 age groups were at greatest risk for the comorbid diagnosis. Women may not seek treatment at the VA because they lack childcare, it is dominated by mainly male veterans, and/or they may have a misconception of services for women. Part of social justice is including women veterans because they have historically been underserved by mental health and research. This study highlights the need for more research into improving health and mental healthcare for women at VA facilities.

This study examined the participants' level of jealousy towards their significant other and how it affects the longevity and commitment of their respective relationships. Based on a review of the literature, the research filled the gap of explaining the factor that affects the level of jealousy in monogamous relationships, particularly gender, and sexual orientation. Attachment theory was the theoretical construct that informed the research that addressed the gap in the literature. The research employed a quantitative method that used Rubin's Love Scale, Hendrick's Relationship Assessment Scale and Pfeiffer and Wong's Multidimensional Jealousy Scale. Self-reporting questionnaires and surveys were used to measure the attachment process of all participants who are involved in a romantic, close relationship. Participants were assessed using 2 different methods to determine their level of relationship satisfaction and perceived jealousy they exhibit. The dependent variables were the level of relationship satisfaction and jealousy while the independent variables were gender and sexual orientation. It was hypothesized that gender and sexual orientation can be main determinants to understand the dynamics of jealousy and relationship satisfaction in monogamous relationships. The sample of the study was 132 individuals who were currently involved in a romantic, close monogamous and committed relationship in Colorado. The data from this study were analyzed using MANOVA, correlation analysis, and central tendencies. The results indicated that heterosexual samples had the highest level of relationship satisfaction, and the lowest levels of jealousy. In contrast, the bisexual samples had the highest level of jealousy. Homosexual samples had the lowest level of jealousy and had significantly greater levels of relationship satisfaction. These results and the limitations of the study are discussed.

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Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / Persistent gender bias (i.e., favorable treatment of men over women) has been consistently documented as the most likely cause perpetuating gender disparity in STEM occupations. It is therefore crucial to develop effective diversity interventions that increase awareness of gender bias and decrease sexism in STEM. However, interventions that facilitate greater recognition of gender bias in STEM may inadvertently trigger social identity concerns for women, suggesting they may not fit in those environments. Moreover, women may be less comfortable speaking up in groups where their gender is numerically underrepresented. To mitigate these negative consequences, current research tested the effectiveness of gender composition in a virtual group setting as an identity-safe cue. Results suggested that in groups that consisted primarily of women, participants identified more with their group and this increased identification, in turn, helped alleviate social identity threat. Additionally, participants in female majority groups were more likely than those in female minority groups to participate in group discussions via increased identification with their group. Thus, our findings indicated that diversity practitioners should consider exploring whether diversity interventions in STEM also inadvertently elicit social identity threat for women. Additionally, when developing new trainings, it is important to incorporate identity-safe cues in order to neutralize any potential threat associated with these trainings.

The study Naked men sell - if the Love Island viewers choose analyzes the reality show Love Island and how it portraits masculinity. Through a semiotic image analysis, the study examines visual content based on challenges performed during the episodes. The purpose of the thesis is to find masculine stereotypes and clarify the impact they might have on individuals but also society. The video sequences retrieved in 2019 and 2021 define how media portrays gender roles in one of today’s most popular reality shows. The frequent occurrence of gender-normative stereotypes is certainly a fact in today's media culture. The theoretical frameworks representation, gender theory, hegemonic masculinity, the male gaze and objectifying form the basis for the analysis which is based on the five selected sequences. As a result of the analysis, we were able to establish a problematic representation of masculinity in the show. Lastly the thesis illustrates a male dominated, objectifying and heteronormative context. The video sequences reproduce the participants based on stereotypical traits such as how they dress, their body language, props and focus etcetera. Gender is presented in a way that can be perceived as monotonous and unreal. The show creates a fictional picture of gender since representation is a construction of reality.

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / Women in academia tend to take on the caretaker role in their departments by fulfilling most of the less promotable service work like mentoring. The perceived fit between this service and the communal stereotype of women creates expectations that women should take on these roles, which can lead to backlash if women violate these expectations. This study investigates gendered expectations in academia by evaluating whether women faculty experience more backlash for declining a student’s mentorship request than their male counterparts. Participants read a profile of a faculty member (male or female) and an email exchange between that faculty member and a student requesting mentorship. The faculty member either declined or accepted the request and participants rated the faculty member on interpersonal measures. Results indicated that men and women faculty were both rated more negatively by students when they declined the request, suggesting that women can say no to mentoring without the burden of gendered backlash. Given that some predicted effects approached significance, it is important to understand other factors that may impact perceptions, including whether the reason for declining, field of study (i.e., STEM), and the gender of student may impact the extent of backlash. This work furthers our understanding of whether women faculty can say no to service and focus on more promotable tasks without hurting their reputations.

When it comes to gender equality and education, teachers become the influential element of change as their proximity and classroom interactions with students can facilitate more gender sensitive teaching. This thesis aims to investigate the efforts made by India and Sweden to teach their teachers about gender and intersectional practices and sensitivity training and then analyse what one system can borrow from the other, while investigating the role of geo-politics in all of these. The thesis looks at efforts in forms of guidelines, strategies, and manuals that come from each country. The material is read closely, analysed, and then compared to determine what can be borrowed for both. The thesis presents its analysis from the theoretical lens of gender and intersectionality, transnational feminism, and decolonial feminism. The implications of this thesis are tangible as well as intangible, however - the biggest one is building a bridge between two countries to share knowledge and strategies in order to bring about a change in education systems which will ultimately create a ripple effect of gender awareness

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Current literature in motorcycle culture depicts the possibilities for women within motorcycle culture as limited to that of a backseat bitch or second-class citizen. Despite all of the depictions of women in motorcycle culture in media, academic scholarship, and folklore, some women are riding their own motorcycles and participating in motorcycle culture as agents. Using social movement and space/place theories as a theoretical framework, this dissertation presents an interpretive ethnographic investigation of a women's motorcycle riding club in the Midwest. This research explores how this group of women riders became motorcyclists, details their experiences in motorcycle culture, and argues that a new social movement is evolving within it.