The controversial dating of the Baptistery San Giovanni is approached through formalistic considerations. Formal analyses of the Baptistery and the Duomo of Pisa lead to comparison and isolation of definitive features of Pisan and Florentine styles. As such, the buildings are shown to be prototypes and their respective receptions are traced in the Romanesque churches of Fiesole, Empoli, Lucca, Pistoia and Sardinia. It is concluded that the Baptistery must have been completed before the Duomo of Pisa was begun.

The English-language translations of Jorge Luis Borges’s Spanish-language works undertaken by the author and Norman Di Giovanni went above and beyond what is generally perceived as acceptable in traditional Western practices. Their work, together with Borges’s thoughts on translation itself, garnered criticism from within Western Translation Studies for its rejection of the status of the original text and the blurring of the distinction between author and translator. Yet the pair’s actions and Borges’s views on translation cease to appear scandalous under the light of Buddhist philosophy, particularly through the use of the Buddhist principles that all phenomena are impermanent and interdependent. This thesis will seek to use these ideas to legitimize the actions of Borges and Di Giovanni. To do so, it will trace the history of opposing and convergent theories from Western philosophy and describe our Buddhist concepts in detail. In order to better understand Borges, it will examine the array of philosophies that influenced the writer and how they both align themselves and differ from Buddhist ideas. This thesis will end by directly applying impermanence and interdependence to the translation practices of Borges and Di Giovanni and considering what potential effect legitimacy for such practices would have on translation overall.

Thesis (doctoral)--Zürich, Universität, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 193-204).

Thesis (Ph.D.)--York University, 2005. Graduate Programme in English. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 227-232). Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/yorku/fullcit?pNR11635

Orientadora : Profª Drª Renata Senna Garraffoni / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências Humanas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em História. Defesa: Curitiba, 12/05/2017 / Inclui referências : f. 131-135 / Resumo: O século XIX europeu foi um período marcado pelo desenvolvimento das nações e por suas aspirações a histórias coletivas que legitimassem uma identidade nacional unificada. Dessa forma, impérios como a Inglaterra e a França investiram, ao longo de suas expedições pelo mundo, em estudos voltados para o conhecimento da Antiguidade, valendo-se da imagem dos antigos para se diferenciarem de outras sociedades em termos civilizacionais, instituindo-se como herdeiros das grandes civilizações do passado. O Egito Antigo é, então, redescoberto na Europa, tornando-se até mesmo moda no continente, pois antiguidades egípcias foram incessantemente apropriadas pela população europeia, desde homens comuns a ricos colecionadores. Tal fato intensificou a presença de viajantes antiquaristas no nordeste africano, que ficariam responsáveis pela espoliação da cultura material egípcia. Nesse contexto, inserem-se Sarah e Giovanni Belzoni, casal de europeus que viajou pelo Egito entre os anos de 1816 e 1819, e que foi responsável pela constituição de grandes coleções de artefatos egípcios que atualmente se encontram espalhadas em museus na Europa, incluindo o Museu Britânico. Além das exposições, os viajantes produziram um diário de viagem, no qual relatam suas impressões sobre a população local, tanto a moderna como a antiga. Partindo dessas informações, esta investigação teve como objetivo o estudo das narrativas desses viajantes, com o intuito de observar a relação entre passado e presente no contexto da expansão imperial britânica, bem como a criação e difusão de discursos sobre a sociedade egípcia antiga. A análise desse momento histórico nos estimula a compreender a literatura de viagem para além do simples relato ou da ficção, dentro de um contexto de construção de um pensamento imperialista difundido entre a população europeia no período. Palavras-chave: Usos do passado; Antiquarismo; Egito Antigo; Literatura de Viagem; Sarah Belzoni; Giovanni Belzoni. / Abstract: The nineteenth century in Europe was a period marked by the development of the nations-states and their aspirations to collective histories that would legitimise a unified national identity. Therefore, during their expeditions empires such as England and France invested in studies aimed gathering knowledge of Antiquity, appropriating the images of ancient cultures to differentiate themselves from other societies in civilisational terms by establishing themselves as inheritors of the great civilisations of the past. Ancient Egypt is then rediscovered in Europe, even becoming fashionable in the continent as Europeans, from ordinary men to wealthy collectors, incessantly appropriated Egyptian antiquities. This fact intensified the presence of antiquarian travellers in North-East Africa, who would be responsible for Egypt's material culture spoliation. In this context, Sarah and Giovanni Belzoni, a couple who travelled throughout Egypt between 1816 and 1819, became responsible for the constitution of large collections of Egyptian artefacts, which are currently scattered around in museums in Europe, including the British Museum. In addition to the exhibitions, the travellers produced a travel journal, in which they reported their impressions of the local population, both modern and ancient. This Master's dissertation aims to study the narratives of those travellers, in order to observe the relationship between past and present in the context of British imperial expansion, as well as the creation and diffusion of discourses on the ancient Egyptian society. The analysis of this historical moment stimulates us to comprehend travel literature not only beyond simple reporting or fiction, but rather within a context of the construction of an imperialist thought diffused among the European population in this period. Keywords: Uses of the past; Antiquarianism; Ancient Egypt; Travel Literature; Sarah Belzoni; Giovanni Belzoni.

In the 1860s, the Italian Scapigliati (literally ‘the dishevelled ones’) promoted a systematic refusal of traditional literary and artistic values, coupled with a nonconformist and rebellious lifestyle. The Scapigliatura movement is still understudied, particularly outside Italy, but it plays a pivotal role in the transition from Italian Romanticism to Decadentism. One of the authors most frequently associated with Scapigliatura in terms of literary influence as well as eccentric Bohemianism is the French poet Charles Baudelaire, certainly amongst the most innovative and pioneering figures of nineteenth-century European poetry. Studies on the relationship between Baudelaire and Scapigliatura have commonly taken into account only the most explicit and superficial Baudelairian aspects of Scapigliatura’s poetry, such as the notion of aesthetic revolt against a conventional idea of beauty, which led the Scapigliati to introduce into their poetry morally shocking and unconventional subjects. Furthermore, these studies have not focused on drawing a detailed and systematic picture that portrays the connections not only between Baudelaire and the poets of Scapigliatura, but also among the Scapigliati themselves. As a result, the true extent of Baudelaire’s influence has not been acknowledged. This study strives to fill the gaps in the existing scholarship. My thesis posits that Baudelaire’s influence on the poetry of Scapigliatura, almost exclusively related to the first two editions of the verse collection Les Fleurs du Mal, is more profound and substantial than scholarship has heretofore recognised. The thesis consists of three chapters, each dedicated to one of the three most important poets of Scapigliatura, namely Arrigo Boito, Emilio Praga, and Giovanni Camerana. The investigation of Baudelaire’s influence on the Scapigliati is conducted both individually, searching for Baudelairian features in their work, and comparatively, contrasting differences and aiming to locate similarities. The main focus is on the major poetic works that are strictly related to the phases in these poets’ careers when they were associated with Scapigliatura: Boito’s Il libro dei versi and Re Orso; Praga’s Tavolozza and Penombre; and Camerana’s poems written between 1863 and 1869. My aim is to establish if there was what can be called a ‘Baudelairian school’ within Scapigliatura. Ultimately, I argue that the relationship between Baudelaire and the poetry of Scapigliatura is more complex than has previously been understood. I demonstrate a vast and wide-ranging influence – on a conceptual, lexical, and stylistic level – on the three poets discussed in this work, which can be traced back to the very beginning of their careers in the early 1860s. Far from being simply an element of aesthetic and moral rebellion in order to épater le bourgeois, the Baudelairism of Boito, Praga, and Camerana in their Scapigliatura years accomplished two ends: on the one hand, it preserved some of the more traditional aspects of Baudelaire’s poetry, which have been largely overlooked by Italian literary scholarship on Scapigliatura; on the other hand, it introduced a thematic and formal modernity into Italian poetry, paving the way for the Decadent movement as well as the twentieth-century avant-gardes.

Submitted by Bruna Rodrigues (bruna92rodrigues@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-09-21T12:37:39Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DissMRD.pdf: 2256436 bytes, checksum: 5ccd47bc60640b3f7edf9e397627263a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marina Freitas (marinapf@ufscar.br) on 2016-09-21T18:24:03Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissMRD.pdf: 2256436 bytes, checksum: 5ccd47bc60640b3f7edf9e397627263a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marina Freitas (marinapf@ufscar.br) on 2016-09-21T18:24:10Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissMRD.pdf: 2256436 bytes, checksum: 5ccd47bc60640b3f7edf9e397627263a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-21T18:24:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DissMRD.pdf: 2256436 bytes, checksum: 5ccd47bc60640b3f7edf9e397627263a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-06-29 / Não recebi financiamento / The objective of this research is to develop a study around the teaching of Philosophy in the Italian secondary schools, based on the education reform fostered by Giovanni Gentile, Ministro della Pubblica Istruzione (Secretary of the Department of Education, in English). We will focus this study during the years of 1923 - 1925, when the reform was implemented, until the moment it suffered some changes promoted by the Secretaries of Education who succeeded Gentile. In order to achieve these objectives, we divided the research into three sections. The first section is to familiarize the reader with the history of this research, which is presenting the first years of the fascist regime implemented by Mussolini. This way, we will discuss the development of the fascism as a myth and investigate its primary impacts in the education and in the Italian society as a whole. The second section will focus on the introduction of the philosopher Giovanni Gentile. It will talk about the application of his education reform in the Italian schools, which had been stagnated since 1859, without significant accomplishments. In the third section, we will cover the teaching of Philosophy, which is present in the secondary schools but excluded from other types of schools, such as technical institutes and complementary schools. This reform has ensured the presence of the teaching of Philosophy in the curriculum but has not been enough to guarantee it to be offered to all Italian youths. The reasons that led to this unequal treatment on the teaching of Philosophy will be reviewed during this research. / Esta pesquisa tem por objetivo desenvolver um estudo acerca do ensino de Filosofia na escola secundária italiana a partir da reforma educacional promovida pelo ministro da Pubblica Istruzione Giovanni Gentile. Nos situamos, neste estudo, entre os anos de 1923 e 1925, desde a implementação da reforma até o momento em que ela passou a sofrer alguns retoques promovidos pelos ministros que sucederam a Gentile. A fim de alcançarmos tal objetivo, dividimos o trabalho em três eixos. No primeiro objetivamos contextualizar o leitor da realidade histórica em que estamos pesquisando, ou seja, os primeiros anos do regime fascista implantado por Mussolini. Assim, apresentamos a construção do fascismo como um mito e investigamos acerca de seus principais efeitos na educação e na sociedade italiana como um todo. O segundo eixo visa introduzir a figura do filósofo Giovanni Gentile nesse contexto e a aplicação de sua reforma educacional, que movimentou a escola italiana que estava praticamente estagnada, sem passar por atualizações significativas, desde 1859. No terceiro eixo tratamos do ensino de Filosofia, presente nos liceus, mas excluída de outros tipos de escolas, como o instituto técnico e a escola complementar. A mesma reforma que zelou pela presença do ensino de filosofia, por sua carga horária e por seu conteúdo, não garantiu que ela fosse oferecida a todos os jovens italianos. Os motivos que levaram a este tratamento diferenciado do ensino de filosofia, serão examinados ao longo deste trabalho.

Il lavoro offre l’edizione critica e commentata del carteggio inedito tra Carlo Betocchi e Giovanni Raboni, disteso lungo un arco cronologico trentennale, fra il 1953 e il 1982. Esso consta di trecentododici lettere, centocinquantasei per ciascun corrispondente, e di un cospicuo numero di allegati: duecentotrentatre testi poetici (circa novanta inediti), quattro saggi e sette lettere, delle quali tre di Betocchi indirizzate ad altri destinatari e quattro a firma di Giambattista Vicari, Gianfranco Contini e Tommaso Landolfi. L’edizione critica presenta in calce a ogni documento un apparato suddiviso in tre fasce: la prima riporta le notizie materiali relative al documento stesso, la seconda accoglie le correzioni dell’autore e altre informazioni, come per esempio le lezioni originali corrette a testo, e la terza è riservata a essenziali note di commento necessarie per contestualizzare e interpretare il contenuto delle lettere. L’introduzione che precede la corrispondenza riporta la descrizione del carteggio, ne riassume i principali temi e propone riflessioni intorno al rapporto tra i due poeti, alla loro vita, alla produzione poetica. La corrispondenza permette di osservare da vicino, seguendone le fasi cronologiche, il rapporto tra un maestro e un discepolo (è stato proprio Betocchi infatti a ‘scoprire’ il giovanissimo Raboni e a farlo conoscere) e di approfondire la vicenda umana e letteraria di due importanti figure del panorama culturale novecentesco. / The paper offers a critical and commented edition of the unpublished over thirty years correspondence between Carlo Betocchi and Giovanni Raboni (1953-1982). It consists of three hundred and twelve letters, one hundred fifty-six for each correspondent, and a large number of attachments: two hundred and thirty texts (about ninety of which unpublished), four essays and seven letters. Three of them are written by Betocchi to other recipients and four are signed by Giambattista Vicari, Gianfranco Contini and Tommaso Landolfi. The apparatus at the end of each document is divided in three parts: (1) the material informations of the document itself; (2) the corrections of the author and other information, such as the original text-correct lessons; (3) essential commentary necessary to contextualize and interpret the content of the letters. The introductory chapters describe the correspondence, summarize the main themes and reflect on the relationship between the two poets, their life, poetic production. The center of this correspondence is the mentor-disciple relationship in its chronological development. The young Raboni indeed owes his reputation to Betocchi. Through their letters literary and human facets of two important figures of the Italian twentieth century cultural panorama are critically shown.

Orientador: Luiz Cesar Marques Filho / Texto em portugues e italiano / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-21T07:59:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CabreraMoreira_GaliaDanielaNatividad_M.pdf: 8072453 bytes, checksum: 7c8a974ff31da72d7d3e4196abaa33a2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1996 / Resumo: Não informado. / Abstract: Not informed. / Mestrado / Mestre em História

The English-language translations of Jorge Luis Borges’s Spanish-language works undertaken by the author and Norman Di Giovanni went above and beyond what is generally perceived as acceptable in traditional Western practices. Their work, together with Borges’s thoughts on translation itself, garnered criticism from within Western Translation Studies for its rejection of the status of the original text and the blurring of the distinction between author and translator. Yet the pair’s actions and Borges’s views on translation cease to appear scandalous under the light of Buddhist philosophy, particularly through the use of the Buddhist principles that all phenomena are impermanent and interdependent. This thesis will seek to use these ideas to legitimize the actions of Borges and Di Giovanni. To do so, it will trace the history of opposing and convergent theories from Western philosophy and describe our Buddhist concepts in detail. In order to better understand Borges, it will examine the array of philosophies that influenced the writer and how they both align themselves and differ from Buddhist ideas. This thesis will end by directly applying impermanence and interdependence to the translation practices of Borges and Di Giovanni and considering what potential effect legitimacy for such practices would have on translation overall.