No description available.

Theological divisions are threatening the Seventh-day Adventist Church’s unity and focus on mission. Some Adventist theologians suggest that the cause of these divisions is a departure by other Adventist theologians from adhering to and applying the sola Scriptura principle. This study analyzes this problem. Chapter one presents reasons for a call during the 16th century, to reform the church to its apostolic purity. Martin Luther and other Protestant Reformers argued against the medieval church, popes, and church councils’ claim for authority to properly interpret and teach Scripture and Tradition. Differing views of reforming the church sparked divisions among the Protestant Reformers, creating two main streams, the magisterial and the radical Reformers. The Roman Catholic Church responded to the Protestant Reformations with a Counter-Reformation. Chapter two discusses Seventh-day Adventism’s application of the sola Scriptura principle. Although Adventism claims to descend from the radical wing of the Protestant Reformations, its acceptance of Ellen G. White’s prophetic ministry and her non-canonical inspired writings departs from a radical application of the sola Scriptura principle. Chapter three presents Biblical evidences for God’s use of multiple media of communication beside the Bible. Therefore Adventism needs to clearly define its understanding and application of the sola Scriptura principle to accommodate other theological sources in addition to the Bible. Chapter four presents Scripture in Zambian Adventist context, tracing Adventism’s use of the Bible in evangelization. Adventism’s responses to changing socio-political and religiopluralistic trends which threatened to marginalize Bible Instructions, and the development of, but failed attempt to implement an Adventist Bible-based Religious Education syllabus at Rusangu Secondary School are presented. Chapter five gives the general summary, conclusion and recommendations. / Systematic Theology and Theological Ethics / D.Th. (Systematic Theology)

In John Calvin and Ellen G White’s sense making approaches God’s act of redemption and reconciliation in and through Jesus Christ takes the centre stage in the foursome of God’s acts expressed in the biblical historical timeline as creation, reconciliation in Jesus Christ, renewal through the Holy Spirit and fulfilment at the end of time. While the 16th century Calvin emphasised God’s acts of creation and reconciliation in Christ more than God’s acts of renewal and fulfilment, the 19th century White’s emphasis was more on God’s acts of reconciliation in Christ and fulfilment at the end of time than on creation and renewal through the Spirit. With all the differences in their sense making approaches their central perspectival focus in their writings, sayings and doings is the way God and humanity, heaven and earth are closely connected in a unity without being fused and mixed in Jesus Christ. Their central christological theme of ‘God staying God’ and ‘human staying human’ in an interactional substantialist sense in Christ designates the great alternative view that differs on the one hand, from the view of the trans-substantialist option in which the human being Christ Jesus is in a sacramental-sacred way transformed into ‘a divine human being’ –, and on the other hand, the view of the consubstantialist option in which the human being Jesus is permeated and diffused by his divinity, thereby becoming ‘the human God.’ Calvin and White in their reflection operating within the realm of divine historicity that is staying within the biblical historical timeline from Genesis to Revelation were viewed by many as not theologians in the real sense of the word. Calvin and may be to a greater extent White worked and contributed to the new and emerging field of Faith Studies in which a theologian or theorist of faith cannot reflect on God, human beings or the natural cosmic world in three separate avenues as was commonly the case with speculative and scholastic theologies in history. White’s Faith Studies contribution is in the global arena of theology where the omnipresent ‘–logies’ of mainline church theologies such as Christology, Ecclesiology, Pneumatology and Eschatology hold sway.

This thesis applies a sociological framework to the North American celebrity career of Canadian pianist and broadcaster Glenn Gould (1932-1982) to account for Gould's iconic status as an artist in modern musical culture. Despite the persistent cultural fascination with Gould, as evidenced in the seemingly endless supply of biographies, films, novels, and fan texts which narrate and celebrate his life and work, modern Gould scholarship has consistently neglected issues relating to his artistic reception. This thesis proposes that the modern Gould phenomenon is productively analysed in terms of the contexts of its historical production in North America, where it first originated. Focusing on the circumstances of Gould's career during his lifetime, it identifies three areas of overlapping conceptual interest that provide the basis for an explanatory account of his modern mythology: i) Gould's relationship to the culture of his time, particularly in Canada; ii) Gould's relationship to the mass media; iii) Gould's relationship to his own artistic identity. This approach is refined through the application of Stuart Hall's 'Circuit of Culture' model, which yields an understanding of Gould's celebrity in terms of the processes of its representation, production, regulation, and consumption. Against this theoretical backdrop, and consistent with the premise of my thesis, I ask some key questions: what was Gould's relationship to Canadian cultural nationalism and, specifically, a nationalist discourse of public broadcasting? How did media institutions brand his image, and for what commercial purposes? How did Gould mobilise understandings of his genius and Canadian identity through his artistic discourse and experimental media self-representations as a 'Northerner' and a technologist? Based on this analysis, the thesis concludes that Gould continues to fascinate because of the unique ideological work performed by his cultural identities, and because of the highly mediated nature of his celebrity. The ubiquity of his image on video-sharing websites and social media platforms is a vindication of his radical belief in the validity of a musical career pursued primarily through the electronic media.

Inspired by Gould, who claimed life would be arriving at a different outcome each time it were allowed to run from the same beginning, I have attempted to determine the repeatability of the adaptive course of one Pseudomonas fluorescens lineage. In addition, my study aimed to establish whether the likelihood of parallel evolution of the two synonymous single-nucleotide substitutions was contingent upon a prior motility-impairing deletion or a prior increase in fitness. Further, the study was designed to provide empirical data addressing the long-standing question of the effect of starting fitness on the ensuing rate of adaptation. Although no exact replay of the initial evolutionary trajectory was observed, I have demonstrated that gtsB, but not gtsC gene, is likely to be a mutational hotspot under the low glucose with a recovery of two undescribed mutations in gtsB. My data are consistent with a notion that substitutions in gtsB may be contingent upon Δ35kB(fliJ-PFLU4466) motility-impairing deletion, but not the fitness increase associated with it. Finally, the features of the adaptive landscape of P. fluorescens in the minimal glucose provide languid support for Fisher’s hypothesis of a decrease in adaptation rate with the rise in the starting fitness. Taken together, these original results reinforce the non-negligible role of history in shaping the outcomes of biological evolution and call for caution in attempting a formulation of rigid predictive models of evolutionary change. Inspiré par les travaux de Stephen J. Gould qui affirmait que la vie sur terre arriverait à une forme différente si elle repartait à zéro, je présente ici mes travaux où je teste la reproductibilité du cours adaptatif d’une lignée expérimentale de Pseudomonas fluorescens. L’objectif de cette étude était de déterminer si la probabilité que deux mutations synonymes évoluent en parallèle est affectée par la présence d’une délétion affectant la motilité de la bactérie ou de l’augmentation de la valeur sélective de celle-ci. De plus, le design expérimental de cette étude permet de tester si la valeur sélective initiale d’une population affecte le taux d’adaptation de cette même population. Bien d’une reproductibilité exacte du cours adaptatif initial ne fut pas observée, je démontre que le gène gtsB est probablement un « hotspot »mutationnel permettant l’adaptation à de bas niveau de glucose, ayant trouvé deux mutations dans ce site; alors que le gène gtsC ne l’est pas. Mes données sont également conséquentes avec le fait que les mutation dans le gène gtsB dépendent de l’effet de la délétion Δ35kB(fliJ-PFLU4466) affectant la motilité de la bactérie, mais non de l’augmentation de la valeur sélective qui y est associée. Finalement, la forme du plateau adaptative associé à de bas niveaux de glucose chez P. fluorescens supporte l’hypothèse émise par Fisher qui stipule que le taux d’adaptation d’un organisme diminue avec la valeur sélective initiale qui y est associée. L’ensemble de ces résultats supporte le rôle non-négligeable de l’histoire de vie d’une population en ce qui attrait à l’évolution future de cette même population. Aussi, ces résultats appelle à la prudence quand vient le temps de formuler des modèles prédictifs des changements évolutifs d’une population.

Theological divisions are threatening the Seventh-day Adventist Church’s unity and focus on mission. Some Adventist theologians suggest that the cause of these divisions is a departure by other Adventist theologians from adhering to and applying the sola Scriptura principle. This study analyzes this problem. Chapter one presents reasons for a call during the 16th century, to reform the church to its apostolic purity. Martin Luther and other Protestant Reformers argued against the medieval church, popes, and church councils’ claim for authority to properly interpret and teach Scripture and Tradition. Differing views of reforming the church sparked divisions among the Protestant Reformers, creating two main streams, the magisterial and the radical Reformers. The Roman Catholic Church responded to the Protestant Reformations with a Counter-Reformation. Chapter two discusses Seventh-day Adventism’s application of the sola Scriptura principle. Although Adventism claims to descend from the radical wing of the Protestant Reformations, its acceptance of Ellen G. White’s prophetic ministry and her non-canonical inspired writings departs from a radical application of the sola Scriptura principle. Chapter three presents Biblical evidences for God’s use of multiple media of communication beside the Bible. Therefore Adventism needs to clearly define its understanding and application of the sola Scriptura principle to accommodate other theological sources in addition to the Bible. Chapter four presents Scripture in Zambian Adventist context, tracing Adventism’s use of the Bible in evangelization. Adventism’s responses to changing socio-political and religiopluralistic trends which threatened to marginalize Bible Instructions, and the development of, but failed attempt to implement an Adventist Bible-based Religious Education syllabus at Rusangu Secondary School are presented. Chapter five gives the general summary, conclusion and recommendations. / Systematic Theology and Theological Ethics / D.Th. (Systematic Theology)

In John Calvin and Ellen G White’s sense making approaches God’s act of redemption and reconciliation in and through Jesus Christ takes the centre stage in the foursome of God’s acts expressed in the biblical historical timeline as creation, reconciliation in Jesus Christ, renewal through the Holy Spirit and fulfilment at the end of time. While the 16th century Calvin emphasised God’s acts of creation and reconciliation in Christ more than God’s acts of renewal and fulfilment, the 19th century White’s emphasis was more on God’s acts of reconciliation in Christ and fulfilment at the end of time than on creation and renewal through the Spirit. With all the differences in their sense making approaches their central perspectival focus in their writings, sayings and doings is the way God and humanity, heaven and earth are closely connected in a unity without being fused and mixed in Jesus Christ. Their central christological theme of ‘God staying God’ and ‘human staying human’ in an interactional substantialist sense in Christ designates the great alternative view that differs on the one hand, from the view of the trans-substantialist option in which the human being Christ Jesus is in a sacramental-sacred way transformed into ‘a divine human being’ –, and on the other hand, the view of the consubstantialist option in which the human being Jesus is permeated and diffused by his divinity, thereby becoming ‘the human God.’ Calvin and White in their reflection operating within the realm of divine historicity that is staying within the biblical historical timeline from Genesis to Revelation were viewed by many as not theologians in the real sense of the word. Calvin and may be to a greater extent White worked and contributed to the new and emerging field of Faith Studies in which a theologian or theorist of faith cannot reflect on God, human beings or the natural cosmic world in three separate avenues as was commonly the case with speculative and scholastic theologies in history. White’s Faith Studies contribution is in the global arena of theology where the omnipresent ‘–logies’ of mainline church theologies such as Christology, Ecclesiology, Pneumatology and Eschatology hold sway.

Inspired by Gould, who claimed life would be arriving at a different outcome each time it were allowed to run from the same beginning, I have attempted to determine the repeatability of the adaptive course of one Pseudomonas fluorescens lineage. In addition, my study aimed to establish whether the likelihood of parallel evolution of the two synonymous single-nucleotide substitutions was contingent upon a prior motility-impairing deletion or a prior increase in fitness. Further, the study was designed to provide empirical data addressing the long-standing question of the effect of starting fitness on the ensuing rate of adaptation. Although no exact replay of the initial evolutionary trajectory was observed, I have demonstrated that gtsB, but not gtsC gene, is likely to be a mutational hotspot under the low glucose with a recovery of two undescribed mutations in gtsB. My data are consistent with a notion that substitutions in gtsB may be contingent upon Δ35kB(fliJ-PFLU4466) motility-impairing deletion, but not the fitness increase associated with it. Finally, the features of the adaptive landscape of P. fluorescens in the minimal glucose provide languid support for Fisher’s hypothesis of a decrease in adaptation rate with the rise in the starting fitness. Taken together, these original results reinforce the non-negligible role of history in shaping the outcomes of biological evolution and call for caution in attempting a formulation of rigid predictive models of evolutionary change. Inspiré par les travaux de Stephen J. Gould qui affirmait que la vie sur terre arriverait à une forme différente si elle repartait à zéro, je présente ici mes travaux où je teste la reproductibilité du cours adaptatif d’une lignée expérimentale de Pseudomonas fluorescens. L’objectif de cette étude était de déterminer si la probabilité que deux mutations synonymes évoluent en parallèle est affectée par la présence d’une délétion affectant la motilité de la bactérie ou de l’augmentation de la valeur sélective de celle-ci. De plus, le design expérimental de cette étude permet de tester si la valeur sélective initiale d’une population affecte le taux d’adaptation de cette même population. Bien d’une reproductibilité exacte du cours adaptatif initial ne fut pas observée, je démontre que le gène gtsB est probablement un « hotspot »mutationnel permettant l’adaptation à de bas niveau de glucose, ayant trouvé deux mutations dans ce site; alors que le gène gtsC ne l’est pas. Mes données sont également conséquentes avec le fait que les mutation dans le gène gtsB dépendent de l’effet de la délétion Δ35kB(fliJ-PFLU4466) affectant la motilité de la bactérie, mais non de l’augmentation de la valeur sélective qui y est associée. Finalement, la forme du plateau adaptative associé à de bas niveaux de glucose chez P. fluorescens supporte l’hypothèse émise par Fisher qui stipule que le taux d’adaptation d’un organisme diminue avec la valeur sélective initiale qui y est associée. L’ensemble de ces résultats supporte le rôle non-négligeable de l’histoire de vie d’une population en ce qui attrait à l’évolution future de cette même population. Aussi, ces résultats appelle à la prudence quand vient le temps de formuler des modèles prédictifs des changements évolutifs d’une population.