Abstract Purpose: The aim of this thesis is to explore the impact of environmental friendly wine packageson wine consumption in Sweden. While there are many different factors influencing this issue,the overall focus of this thesis has been on the perception of the quality of 'Green wine packaging'on behalf of the consumers. Method: A quantitative approach in form of an online survey was followed by an qualitativeapproach in form of semi-structured interviews. While the quantitative approach was the mainapproach, the qualitative approach was used for further interpretation. Conclusions: Despite a great environmental awareness and a great engagement in recyclingactivities in Sweden, the results of this study shows that consumer prefer wine in traditional glassbottles. Quality is considered to be the most important element when purchasing wine and itappears that consumer perceive a low level of quality of wine in Green packages which in turnlowers their aesthetical and hedonic expectations. The quality of the wine appear also to be moreimportant than the environmental issue.

The growing e-commerce industry and online shopping is increasing the demand for transportation services world-wide. This expanding industry is beneficial for the economic aspects of society, but the transportation of packages is also causing major environmental impacts along the supply chain. The environmental impact of waste and emissions attributed to the manufacturing and shipment of packages are concluded by many scholars, stressing the importance of sustainable alternatives and innovations. Environmental concerns perceived by customers, governments and other stakeholders are increasingly pressuring companies to develop sustainable products, packaging and shipping. And yet, many customers still demand low-cost and fast shipping, making the development of green packaging and shipping uncertain as an investment. New legislations entering in effect year 2021 will successfully reduce the plastic waste in world-oceans and landfill, but at the same time limit the use of effective fit-to-use packaging which will inevitably result in larger packages occupying more space in transportation vessels. This study will examine the daily practice of e-commerce companies in Sweden, studying their knowledge and thoughts regarding green packaging development with an emphasis on the maximum fill rate of the secondary transit packaging level. Interviews with five companies were conducted, studying their daily practices. The analysis of the empiric data was conducted using transcriptions, to minimize bias, all analysis was collectively interpreted by the researchers. Our result show that companies consider low-cost, protected and fast shipping to be the most important demands of their customers, the companies view sustainability as a bonus rather than a competitive advantage. The results also suggest that air in packaging is viewed as extra protection for the goods, and the negative impacts are overseen. The available studies and prior works describing green packaging development actions are quite clear, however, the companies neglect the opportunities to develop green packaging due to economic barriers and perceived customer demands, thus creating a gap between practice and theory.

Yes / This research provides a comprehensive delineation of the process that leads to the formation of green behavior by including the role played by media and attitude towards environment-friendly packaging, along with ecological concern and perceived consumer effectiveness. The study offers a parsimonious framework that measures the major antecedents of environmental attitude divided into inward and outward orientation. Moreover, it also measures the effects of these environmental attitudes and attitude towards green packaging on green purchase intention. A total of 308 usable questionnaires were obtained from Indian consumers and data analysis was conducted using confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling. The results show that inward environmental attitude and attitude towards green packaging play a pivotal role in shaping green purchase intention. Surprisingly, outward environmental attitude was found to be non-significant. Findings offer implications for marketing managers and public policy makers, as well as reveal fruitful avenues for further research.

Submitted by Nadir Basilio (nadirsb@uninove.br) on 2017-08-04T21:46:36Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Antonio Carlos Sanches Tavares.pdf: 2287385 bytes, checksum: cf9b93f25f6c9028458bca9468381dda (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-04T21:46:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Antonio Carlos Sanches Tavares.pdf: 2287385 bytes, checksum: cf9b93f25f6c9028458bca9468381dda (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-24 / The adoption of green initiatives in supply chains is a basic requirement in the relationship between companies, which must take over the principles of environmental management, involving three important focuses: environment, strategy and logistics. Besides, this type of approach also seeks competitive advantages from better integration with the supplier network, greater acceptance of environmentally friendly products and the reduction of costs. The use of packaging is of great importance for society as it plays fundamental roles such as to guarantee the quality of the product and commercialize it. In this set of circumstances, there is also concern about the final destination of the packages and the impacts they cause on the environment. The purpose of this research is to verify if the adoption of green initiatives in the packaging supply chain affects the Environmental, Economic and Operational results of the companies participating in this chain, according to the perception of professionals who work at these companies. The study was conducted through a survey type research for professionals of different hierarchical levels who work at Brazilian industries in the packaging supply chain. It is a quantitative research, the answers were analyzed through statistical techniques. It is important to highlight that this research counts on the institutional support of ABRE - Brazilian Association of Packaging. The results pointed out in general, according to the professionals interviewed, that it is not possible to show that the adoption of green initiatives influence the achievement of Environmental, Economic and Operational results. The only exception found is the Green Purchase Initiative influencing the Environmental Performance of companies in this Supply Chain. / A adoção de iniciativas verdes nas cadeias de suprimentos é requisito básico no relacionamento entre as empresas, as quais devem assumir os princípios da gestão ambiental, envolvendo três focos importantes: meio ambiente, estratégia e logística. Além disso, este tipo de abordagem também visa a vantagens competitivas a partir da melhor integração com a rede de fornecedores, maior aceitação de produtos ecologicamente corretos e redução de custos. O uso das embalagens é de grande importância para a sociedade, pois elas desempenham muitas funções fundamentais tanto para garantir a qualidade do produto quanto para comercializá-lo. Nesse conjunto de circunstâncias, surge também a preocupação com a destinação final das embalagens e com os impactos que elas provocam ao meio ambiente. Por se tratar de um tema com tal relevância e pouco explorado no Brasil, o objetivo desta pesquisa é verificar se, de fato, a adoção das iniciativas verdes na cadeia de suprimentos de embalagens afeta os resultados ambientais, econômicos e operacionais das empresas participantes dessa cadeia, segundo a percepção dos profissionais que nelas atuam. O estudo foi conduzido por meio de uma pesquisa tipo survey, encaminhada para profissionais de diversos níveis hierárquicos que atuam em indústrias brasileiras da cadeia de suprimentos de embalagens. Trata-se de uma pesquisa quantitativa, cujas respostas foram analisadas por meio de técnicas estatísticas. É importante destacar que esta pesquisa conta com o apoio institucional da Associação Brasileira de Embalagens (ABRE). Os resultados apontaram de um modo geral, segundo a visão dos profissionais entrevistados, que não é possível evidenciar que a adoção de iniciativas verdes influencia a obtenção de resultados ambientais, econômicos e operacionais. A única exceção encontrada é a Iniciativa de Compras Verdes influenciando o desempenho ambiental das empresas dessa cadeia de suprimentos.

La presente investigación se concentra en conocer como uno de los atributos de un green product, como el packaging, es de suma importancia al momento de establecer la relación con la confianza que el consumidor busca al momento de comprar un producto eco amigable, ya que es lo primero que verán en el punto de venta o por alguna plataforma digital. La tendencia de optar por productos que tengan un impacto positivo para el medioambiente empezó a inicios de los noventas. Esta tendencia se conoce como green marketing y tiene como objetivo que las empresas creen, produzcan y promuevan un tipo de producto, con un impacto positivo en el medio ambiente y satisfacer las necesidades de los consumidores. Es asi como nace un green product, un artículo producido con propósito ambiental incluso hasta la última etapa del ciclo de vida de este. Parte importante de un green product es el packaging que también debe cumplir con la promesa de ser pro Ambiental. Este empaque debe generar seguridad y confianza a los consumidores, ya sea a través del diseño, materiales o certificaciones que avalen que es un producto 100% ecológico. La importancia del empaque genera, como se mencionó líneas arriba, una relación de confianza de la marca con el consumidor, ya que es a través de este atributo se puede generar expectativas sobre si tiene un desempeño ambiental o no. / This research focuses on knowing how one of the attributes of a green product, As the packaging, It is of utmost importance when establishing the relationship with the trust that the consumer looks for when buying an eco-friendly product, since it is the first thing they will see at the point of sale or through a digital platform. The trend to opt for products that have a positive impact on the environment began in the early 1990s. This trend is known as green marketing and its objective is that companies create, produce and promote a type of product, with a positive impact on the environment and satisfy the needs of consumers. This is how a green product, an item produced with an environmental purpose even up to the last stage of its life cycle. Important part of a green product is its packaging which must also fulfil the promise of being pro environmental. This packaging must generate security and confidence in consumers, either through the design, materials or certifications that guarantee that it is a 100% ecological product. The importance of packaging generates, as mentioned above, a relationship of trust between the brand and the consumer, since it is through this attribute that expectations can be generated about whether it has an environmental performance or not. / Trabajo de investigación

Ph. D. (Department of Logistics Management, Faculty of Management Sciences), Vaal University of Technology. / The effective practice of green supply chain has been a focus of both practitioners and researchers for almost a decade, mostly focusing on greenhouse effects and implementing full green supply chain control systems. However, not much attention has been given to empirical relationships between internal environmental management systems, green packaging management, green information systems adoption and organisational performance. The chief objective of this study was to assess the internal environmental management factors of the plastic packaging manufacturing organisations in Gauteng province in South Africa, mainly focusing on the three major internal environmental factors, namely pollution prevention plans, total quality management and environmental audits. Secondly, the study aimed to determine the relationship between green packaging management, green information systems and organisational performance. A positivist approach was used as this study is quantitative. A total number of 250 questionnaires were distributed to managers and employees of the chosen plastic packaging organisations. Although 250 questionnaires were distributed to the chosen organisations, only 230 were deemed to be fit for capturing due to some errors on the other 20 questionnaires. For data analysis the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS 24) was used to generate frequency tables and graphs. Furthermore, structural equation modelling (SEM) was used to generate regression weights and standard regression weights. The factor loading was also generated using SEM as well as model fitness and path co-efficiency values. A detailed research approach was followed using a sample size of 230; the results of this study show that there is a positive significant relationship between internal environmental management systems, green packaging management and green information systems. Further, it was found that most organisations that adopt green management systems are more likely to perform better than those that do not. The study also discovered that the government policies that place emphasis on green practices, not only pressurise organisations, but also help them to be strategic. Most plastic packaging manufacturing organisations usually find it difficult to operate without polluting the environment, but this study discovered that if they control their internal environmental systems, it will be easy for these organisations to adopt environmental management systems and produce green products. Also, given the changing market environments, currently most consumers prefer green products and if organisations go green this might open up new markets for their new products and enhance performance. This study examined the importance of green packaging management from the perspective of both government policies and organisational policies. The results showed that some organisations are still struggling to align their internal environmental management process with the external environment; however, the market changes are enforcing that most plastic packaging organisations start aligning their internal management systems with external systems, as it gives them opportunities towards new products and new competitive strategies that will lead to better performance. An environmental management framework was developed in this study. The framework aims to help guide plastic manufacturers with their long- and short-term strategies. In line with non-linear relationships between variables, the study recommends the following to the plastic packaging organisations: to create pollution prevention policies and strategies to improve organisational performance by eliminating pollution and avoiding penalties from the government. Pollution prevention plans, total quality management and environmental audits were used as independent variables to measure organisational performance. In line with the linear relationship between the adoption of green packaging management and organisational performance, it is recommended to the plastic packaging organisations that enterprises facing slow-moving sales growth, profitability and general performance challenges, should use green technologies as a remedy for their problems.