This study shows how the image of Gustavus Adolphus's personality and his political deeds have been portrayed in historical works dealing with the overall history of Sweden. The study has also, with the help of analytical tools on uses of history, examined how the memory of Gustavus Adolphus's personality and political deeds has been used by focusing on the scientific, existential, moral, ideological, and political interests. A total of eight works have been examined during a period stretching from the years 1830-2000.  Based on the historical cultural perspective, the analysis of the historical works shows a consistently positive and idealised portrayal of both Gustavus Adolphus's personality and political deeds. This idealised portrayal of the king is especially visible in the sources from the 19th century where he is ascribed several leadership characteristics and personal qualities. From the 20th century onwards Gustavus Adolphus continues to be described in positive terms, however the idealization aspects in the author’s portrayal are gradually diminishing. Throughout the 20th century a gradual shift in focus from Gustavus Adolphus's personality and his role in political affairs can be observed. Instead, the authors start focusing more on describing the overall course of historical events. In the examination of the different uses of history, the scientific and ideological uses of history are the most visible and dominant elements in the authors portrayal. It has been observed that the scientific use of history over the course of time become a stronger and more dominant at the expense of the other uses of history. In summary, the authors portrayal has shown that Gustavus Adolphus has consistently been viewed in a positive light, however the extent to which he is featured in and the role he plays in the authors depiction has gradually diminished with time. A clear trend towards a more scientific use of history has also been observed. / Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur bilden av Gustav II Adolfs person och hans politiska gärningar har framställts i allmänna översikter om svensk historia. Studien ska därtill med hjälp av en historiebrukstypologi undersöka hur historien om Gustav II Adolfs person och politiska gärningar har använts genom att fokusera på vetenskapliga, existentiella, moraliska, ideologiska och politiska intressen. Totalt har åtta verk undersökts under tidsperioden 1830-2000.  Med utgångspunkt i ett historiekulturellt perspektiv visar analysen av författarnas framställningar på en konsekvent positiv och idealiserad bild av både Gustav Adolfs person och politiska gärningar. Denna idealiserade porträtt av kungen är särskilt märkbar i källor från 1800-talet där han tillskrivs ett antal olika ledarskapsegenskaper och personliga kvalitéer. Från och med 1900-talet så fortsätter Gustav Adolf att beskrivas i positiva ordalag men det ideala porträttet av kungen har gradvis avtagit med tiden. Genom hela 1900-talet ser vi ett successivt skifte i fokus från Gustav Adolfs person och hans roll i den politiska händelseutvecklingen. Istället börjar författarna fokusera mer på att beskriva översiktliga händelseförlopp och utvecklingslinjer.  I undersökningen och analysen av historiebruket så är det de vetenskapliga och ideologiska historiebruket som utmärker sig som dem mest synliga och dominanta historiebruken i författarnas framställningar. En utvecklingslinje har observerats där det vetenskapliga historiebruket successivt blivit ett starkare inslag i författarnas framställningar på bekostnad av andra historiebruk. Sammanfattningsvis så har författarnas framställningar visat på en konsekvent positiv bild av Gustav II Adolf. Men det utrymme kungen får och den betydelse han tillskrivs av författarna har minskat med tiden.

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This essay will explore Gustav Mahler’s treatment of time and space in his First Symphony by processing his experiences and memories into the music. In the music analysis, I will argue for and categorize the use of breakthrough as Mahler’s attempt to use his music as a key to create “another world” beyond the irreversible time and space. At the same time as he in a reflexive and retrospective point of view tries reveal a relationship between the past and the present that has not been covered by the obscurity of experience.

Charles X Gustav was a Swedish king during the 17th century and mostlyremembered for his military camping to take control of the Baltic Sea. As oflate, Charles X has not been as well mentioned as other monarchs in Swedishhistory (such as Gustav Vasa or Charles XII). Therefore this study isconducted to investigate how Charles X has been depicted in five differenthistory books written between 1855 and 2009 and examine how the historicalview has change during a period of almost 150 years, in the purpose of thedevelopment of historiography as well as judging the matter of how valid thebooks and the authors are as sources. The development of the history behindCharles X shows that throughout the years it's still mainly focusing on themilitary history, but during the development of history it becomes moreapparent with the inclusion of social relations, the aftermath that warfare hason the common man and how Charles X is depicted. First in the 19th centuryas a fairytale like warrior king to more of a living human being with doubtand a questionable morale in the 20th and 21st century. A development inthe field of retelling history has been observed as writing about Charles Xhas become more and more unbiased as time has gone by and includes moreaspects outside the themes of war and incorporates more social history aboutwomen and children.

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The purpose of my dissertation is to study an example of a depiction in local media of atroubled school. The dissertation examines the newspaper Sydsvenskan and its reports on thecase that developed from the events taking place around the Gustav Adolf’s school inLandskrona. The starting points for the media coverage began on the 18th of January 2007when the school was closed down. This paper follows Sydsvenskans reporting from that dayand the following fourteen days, until the 1st of February. The dissertation focuses onproblems such as bias and generalizations that arise in the media or more specifically inSydsvenskan during this event. The purpose of the dissertation is to examine how a singleturbulent event was portrayed in a large local newspaper and to see if the coverage wasbalanced. A variety of newspaper texts, ranging from articles, editorials and letters to theeditor are examined using critical discourse analysis, as developed by linguists NormanFairclough and Teun van Dijk. The method attempts to draw lines between the use oflanguage and the exercise of power. My results were divided in two sections, one on racismand one on political bias. Connecting the material to theories on hidden racism as describedby van Dijk and the Swedish sociologist Birgitta Löwander, I did not find the reports racist orstereotypical, in fact there are very few references to ethnic divisions in the material.However, there is a clear political bias regarding who is represented in the paper. Politiciansfrom Folkpartiet get more space in the reports than their political counterparts, They arefeatured in more than half of the articles. The political bias is not otherwise present in thecontent, and what is being said is more nuanced than who is actually saying it.

This study is about a King of Sweden and his relationship to Martin Luther’s theology. Gustavus III was king in Sweden during the 18th century and he is mostly famous for being a friend of the theater and arts. This study investigates the religious relationship between the king and the image of Martin Luther’s theology. My main question in this study asks how Gustavus III described himself as a Lutheran Monarch. The method consists of a content analysis of primary sources from the late 18th century, mainly Helgdagsreduktionen from 1772 and the Eccelesatique-samlingar from 1789. The result shows that the King had churchly ambitions and was interested in liturgical questions. The result also shows Gustavus III worshipped former kings of Sweden which influenced how the king wanted to describe himself as a good Lutheran in the shadow of Gustavus I and Gustavus Adolphus. The household theology of Martin Luther shows the position of the king and how he absorbs this position in his writing to the subjects and the priests. The king’s function is viewed as a father that maintained the subject’s true path to Christianity. The image of Gustavus III is also central in this study because the idea of the early modern monarch was forged in the very foundation of the protestant reformation which Martin Luther started.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Boston University / PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis or dissertation. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you. / Carl Gustav Jung has devoted considerable attention to the study of man's image or concept of God. This dissertation investigates Jung's theories and findings relevant to man's concept of God, sets forth a systematic presentation of these theories and findings, compares Jung's concept of God with a Christian concept of God as stated by Emil Brunner, and evaluates critically Jung's concept of God. An examination of Jung's works revealed that the concept of God in analytical psychology is based on Jung's theory of the collective unconscious and its archetypes. When Jung applies his theory of the collective unconscious to his observations of various religious phenomena, he concludes that there is a certain spiritual content of the human psyche which he calls the God archetype. In other words, he regards God as an archetype of the collective unconscious which expresses itself regularly in archetypal images or symbols. When the statements about the concept of God in Jung's psychology are drawn together and set forth in a systematic presentation, we observe four important factors: First, Jung is certain that what man experiences as revelation is the manifestation of the God archetype from deep within the collective unconscious. Second, Jung asserts that since God is an archetype we are forced to think of God as relative. Thus, God is as dependent upon man as man is upon God. Third, the essential aspect of the concept of God is "wholeness" or "completeness." Therefore, He is both good and evil, darkness as well as light. Fourth, Jung contends that the Godhead is composed of a quaternity rather than a trinity. [TRUNCATED] / 2999-01-01