Thesis (Ed. D.)--Illinois State University, 1976. / Title from title page screen, viewed Dec. 1, 2004. Dissertation Committee: J.H. McGrath (chair), Robert Hemenway, Samuel Price, Clayton Thomas, Gene Budig. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 71-73) and abstract. Also available in print.

The general aim of the thesis is to show how The Situational Language Intervention Programme (SLIP) was formulated in order to include the critical factors of: the cognitive abilities and linguistic characteristics of the intellectually handicapped; pragmatics, semantics and syntax and the four models of language acquisition; the criteria that guide language intervention programme development; the use of precise and systematic teaching methods that stimulate the use of language in the students' environment. The general objective of both SLIP and this thesis is to show how to increase moderately to severely intellectually handicapped adolescents' language-communication through the appropriate use of the forms of language applied to its functions in a specific range of situations. Chapter Two of the thesis is concerned with the cognitive abilities of intellectually handicapped people and the implications of intellectual handicap on communication and language development. In addition it discusses, stage by stage, the positive and negative markers of language acquisition. These markers illustrate to the teacher the signs of linguistic retardation at each stage of language learning. The contents of Chapter Three provide an outline of the four models of language acquisition, i.e. Pragmatic, Semantic/Cognitive, Psycholinguistic/Syntactic and Behavioural. Those models contribute to our understanding of how language develops and illustrate to us the complex nature of language acquisition. In addition, this discussion documents the past and current research viewpoints and draws our attention to the limitations that existing theories have in providing a "full�blown" model of language acquisition. Furthermore, Chapter Three is stating that the recent analysis of language-training for communication disordered and intellectually handicapped students has shown that a more balanced study of the semantic and pragmatic factors in language acquisition is emerging. This chapter is urging teachers to re-analyze, re-evaluate and modify their language intervention programmes by integrating the syntactic, semantic and pragmatic factors. Both the contents of Chapters Two and Three are demonstrating that it is necessary to address the theoretical viewpoint and academic findings both of which are important aspects of the role of the interventionist. They have to be addressed if the teacher is to make judgments concerning the efficacy of different models in attaining certain goals. Such factors govern the utilization and integration of certain approaches and procedures. The contents of Chapters Four and Five discuss how the language interventionist can lead the intellectually handicapped student into increased language usage and communicative competence. Chapter Four is concerned with the current critical issues and developments in: curriculum and programme design for the moderately/severely intellectually handicapped adolescent; criteria to guide programme development and direction of language intervention; direct instruction techniques; augmentative communication systems and their basic programme guidelines. Chapter Five outlines the framework of the Situational Language Intervention Programme (SLIP) which was designed and implemented by the author. The content and procedures utilized by SLIP are greatly influenced by the contents of Chapters Two, Three and Four. This influence is demonstrated in the discussion concerning SLIP's: aims and objectives; content and design decisions; selection of forms to be taught; sequencing; teaching procedures and methods of instruction. Chapter Five also discusses the implementation of SLIP.

This research effort focused on developing a process model to include art in the individualized education programs (IEPs) of physically handicapped and health impaired students which followed guidelines prescribed by Public Law 94-142. A systems approach was utilized for the development of the model. The sequence of interrelated tasks involved stating needs, identifying the problem, assessing the resources, identifying the population sample, establishing definitions of disabilities, specifying objectives, defining methodologies, developing a programmatic plan, conducting the operational phase, evaluating and refining the model.

The use of consultation as a means of delivering educational instruction to students with disabilities in the general physical education setting is becoming increasingly prevalent in the United States and is most frequently operationalized in a triadic model. In this model the adapted physical educator serves as the consultant, the general physical educator serves as the consultee, and the student serves as the target, or the one who receives the intervention. The purpose of this phenomenological study was to answer the following questions. What are adapted physical education specialists' perceptions about consultation as a delivery model for individuals with disabilities? How do adapted physical education specialists define an effective consultation model for adapted physical education? How do adapted physical education specialists define their role in the consultation process? Six adapted physical education specialists participated in this study. Analysis included two in-depth individual interviews, a one-day field observation with each participant, researcher notes, and a final focus group including, definition, situational context factors, effectiveness, skills, training, consultation model preferences and roles. It was apparent from these participants that consultation interactions on behalf of students with disabilities varied greatly based on the multidimensional and dynamic nature of the educational environment. Results showed that the use of consultation was more prevalent with middle and high school students. It was also found that adapted physical education (APE) consultation could be presented on a continuum from proximal to distal, dependent on the degree of interaction between the APE specialist, the general education teacher and the student. The effectiveness of consultation was dependent upon the general education teacher's attitude, the APE specialist's skills, and the degree of administrative support. Finally, five roles of the APE consultant were delineated from the participants' descriptions of their job-related interactions. These roles were; advocate, educator, courier, supporter/helper, and resource coordinator. / Graduation date: 1999

It is the goal of this program to identify these at-risk students, track their grades, and incorporate a tutorial program to motivate and build their self-esteem and ultimately, their academic performance. This program can succeed with the proper administrative support, teacher involvement and parent and community assistance.

The problem of the study was the inadequate education of handicapped students in Nigeria. The primary purpose of the study was to develop a construct based on the United States models and research on special education, and to compare educational provisions for Nigerian students with the available educational opportunity for handicapped students. In order to achieve the stated objectives of the study, two methodological approaches were utilized: (1) Likert scale for opinion questionnaires, and (2) personal interviews. Both of these instruments included demographic information about the participants. The questionnaire was categorized into three areas (differences between educational opportunities for non-handicapped and handicapped students, formal learning opportunities for handicapped Nigerian students, and factors for being attentive or not being attentive to special education). The interview instrument focused on special education constraints, responsibility for special education provision, and improvement in education for the handicapped. Based on the findings of the study, the following conclusions were reached. 1. Handicapped Nigerian students do not have equal educational opportunities, as compared to non-handicapped students. Therefore, equal instructional opportunities should be provided for handicapped and non-handicapped students. 2. The federal and state governments of Nigeria should be financially responsible for special education. Therefore, the administration of special education must be taken over from private organizations. 3. Lack of funds, personnel and specialists, equipment, and adequate facilities hinders education for the handicapped in Nigeria. In order to improve education for the handicapped, therefore, the following provisions should be made: (1) build more schools, (2) train more specialists, (3) make funds available for special education, (4) provide more facilities and equipment, (5) intensify efforts in early detection of handicaps in children, and (6) educate parents on the importance of special education.

The purposes of this study were two-fold: to develop a program model for vocational assessment of handicapped students in the public schools that would include information concerning the following components: goals/outcomes, methods, procedures, target populations, and staffing. (2) to compare perceptions of four types of personnel (vocational evaluators, vocational adjustment coordinators, vocational counselors, and educational diagnosticians) concerning the components that should be included in a program model of vocational assessment of handicapped students.

This study was aimed to explore challenges of students with disabilities in higher education institutions in Namibia, as narrated and illustrated by themselves. Mixed methodologies, with specific reference to a small-scale quantitative survey and extensive qualitative design were employed as tools to understand the prevalence, extent and nature of challenges of students with disabilities in their pursuance of higher education in Namibia. Data was thus collected in two phases. The first phase consisted of a ten-item quantitative-survey which was largely used to determine the prevalence of students with disabilities in higher education institutions, and basic information regarding institutional standpoints pertaining to students with disabilities. Data acquired through this survey confirmed the prevalence of students with disabilities in Namibian higher education institutions. The second phase represented the qualitative design whereby data was collected through three main methodologies namely a narrative diary-based approach, a photo-voice and individual interviews. These methodologies ensured reliability of the data through triangulation. The study confirmed that inclusive education at the higher education level in Namibia was largely achieved through the goal of access, as all higher education institutions have admitted students with observable as well as hidden disabilities. However, a major finding of the study was that support and provision for students with disabilities was rendered in fragmented portions within and across institutions, and that the goals of equity and equality have not yet been achieved to the desired degree, if inclusive education was to become a reality for students with disabilities in higher education in Namibia. Students reported challenges related to physical accessibility of institutions; unavailability of educational material in alternative, as opposed to traditional formats; lack of sensitivity and skills of staff; as well as lack of structured support systems. The study also revealed that, notwithstanding the challenges students faced in their institutions, students with disabilities continued to perform their academic duties to the best of their abilities and were driven by their individual personal philosophies, many of which spoke of perseverance and courage, to make a success of their studies. / D. Ed. (Inclusive Education) / Language Education Arts and Culture

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:32:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Wanda Maria Braga Barros.pdf: 1002973 bytes, checksum: e7da1386e4dac56454015f5faa17b4f2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-06-13 / The research s objective is to analyse the pedagogical work in medium level public schools and the conditions this work is developed regarding handicapped students and with poor hearing conditions, who are allocated to regular classrooms, in two public shools in the Campinas metropolitan region. In this work, we consider as inclusion the access, permanency and learning performance of these students. The foundation of the research lies on a qualitative approach and the data will be analysed from a theoretical and historical-critical reference whose grounds are the history of education and educational policies. As methodological procedure, open-ended questionnaires were applied to thirteen preceptors and afterwards interviews were carried out involving four teachers, two pedagogical coordinators and four handicapped students, who reported their experiences in the school routines. The research s aim is to ponder on the pedagogical work of these students, as well as of the rest of the other medium level students. The results revealed that, although many advances have occurred regarding the access to the medium level education, it can be considered selective because the evasion rates are high and students are leaving school without the expected consistency of knowledge to face the struggles of daily life and demands of work. The teachers and students reports revealed: 1) Adverse conditions of teachers work 2) Insufficient development of teachers to work with all regular students in the classroom.3) Lack of interest of students as they cannot see the relationship between the content presented at school and their daily lives and future perspectives. 4) The handicapped students depend on the support of their families or colleagues to afford the necessary conditions to education. / O objetivo desta pesquisa ? analisar o trabalho pedag?gico no ensino m?dio e em que condi??es ele ? desenvolvido, com os alunos com defici?ncia f?sica e auditiva que est?o em classe comum, em duas escolas da rede estadual, na Regi?o Metropolitana de Campinas. Considera-se neste trabalho, como inclus?o, o acesso, a perman?ncia e a garantia de bom desempenho escolar desses educandos. A pesquisa fundamenta-se num referencial te?rico hist?rico-cr?tico, onde a hist?ria da educa??o e as pol?ticas educacionais embasam o estudo. Como procedimento metodol?gico, foram aplicados question?rios com perguntas abertas a treze educadores e, posteriormente, foram feitas entrevistas com quatro professores, dois coordenadores pedag?gicos e quatro alunos com defici?ncia que relataram suas viv?ncias sobre o cotidiano escolar. A pesquisa pretende trazer reflex?es sobre o trabalho pedag?gico com os alunos com defici?ncia, bem como os demais alunos do ensino m?dio. Os resultados revelaram que embora tenham ocorrido avan?os no acesso dos alunos ao ensino m?dio, esse n?vel de ensino, em fun??o das taxas de evas?o, ? seletivo, al?m disso, os alunos est?o concluindo-o sem o conhecimento necess?rio para enfrentar o trabalho e a vida. Os relatos dos professores e alunos revelaram: 1) As condi??es adversas de trabalho do professor; 2) A forma??o insuficiente dos professores para o trabalho com todos os alunos em classe comum; 3) Os educandos est?o desinteressados pela escola, porque n?o v?em rela??o entre os conte?dos ministrados nas aulas e a vida, o futuro; 4) Os alunos com defici?ncia dependem do apoio da fam?lia e ou colegas da escola para terem condi??es necess?rias ? educa??o escolar.

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