Darbo tikslas - įvertinti Kauno technologijos universiteto informatikos studentų darbo kompiuteriu sąsajas su sveikata Darbo uždaviniai 1. Aprašyti pagrindinius studentų darbo kompiuteriu rodiklius 2. Įvertinti studentų sveikatos nusiskundimų ir darbo kompiuteriu sąsajas Darbo metodika. Tyrimo objektas – KTU informatikos fakulteto studentai (bakalauro studijos). Darbo kompiuteriu ir sveikatos sąsajos buvo tiriamos atliekant anoniminę anketinę apklausą. Tyrimas buvo vykdomas KTU elektronikos rūmų patalpose, paskaitų, seminarų bei pertraukų metu. Surinktos 272 respondentų užpildytos anketos (atitiko imties dydį). Duomenys buvo apdorojami SPSS 21.0 programa. Analizės metu buvo lyginami vidurkiai, skaičiuojami koreliacijos koeficientai ir galimybių santykiai. Rezultatai. Daugiausiai laiko prie kompiuterio studentai praleidžia laisvalaikio tikslais savaitgalį, o mažiausiai – taip pat savaitgalį, tačiau mokymosi tikslais. Vaikinų ir žemesnio kurso studentų grupės nurodė didesnę laisvalaikio trukmę. Laisvalaikiu studentai dažniausiai žiūri filmus (89,3 proc.), o mokymosi metu dirba programomis (97,1 proc.). Moterys dažniau lankosi pokalbių svetainėse, o vyrai ir žemesnio kurso studentai žaidžia žaidimus. Dauguma studentų laisvalaikio metu sėdi prie stalo. Šią pozą pasirinko didesnė vyrų dalis, o sėdėjimą ant kito baldo – didesnė dalis moterų. Šio tyrimo metu nustatyta, kad 66,5 proc. respondentų dirbdami kompiuteriu nurodė jaučiantys regos, 64 proc. – skeleto - raumenų, 9,2 proc... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The aim of the research – to evaluate the peculiarities of informatics students working on the computer and its relationship to the health of Kaunas University of Technology. To achieve this aim the following objectives have been raised 1. To describe students’ working on the computer main indicators. 2. To assess students’ health complaints and computer interfaces. Methods of the present research. The subject of investigation is the students of the department of informatics of KTU (bachelor studies). Computer and health interfaces have been investigated by anonymous questionnaire survey. The study was carried out in the premises of Electronics House of KTU during lectures, seminars and breaks. There were taken 272 filled questionnaires (it matched the sample size). The taken data were processed by SPSS 21.0 program. In the present investigation there were compared the averages, calculated the coefficients of correlation and the ratios of odds. The results. The majority of time students spend at the weekend for their leisure at the computer, but at least – as well as the weekend but for the learning purposes. The groups of boys and lower course students had shown a higher proportion of leisure time. Most frequently students watch films (89,3 percent) at their leisure time while learning they use various programs (97,1 percent). Women are visiting online chat rooms and men and lower course students are playing games. The most of students are sitting to the table on their... [to full text]

The exercise of autonomy and self-regulation is seen in the literature as one of the basic criteria of professionalism. Since in modern states Medicine has generally been the occupational grouping which has most completely attained that status, it is seen as the model or archetype of professionalism. This study focuses on just one aspect of medical autonomy, that relating to the right of medical professionals to be accountable only to their fellow professionals as far as the maintenance of practice standards are concerned. In this thesis, the theory underlying this system of "peer review" is examined and then its application during the course of the 20th century is traced in one particular jurisdiction, that of the State of New South Wales in Australia. The reason for the focus on NSW is that in this jurisdiction, medical autonomy existed and was exercised in a particularly pure and powerful form after it was instituted in 1900. However, it was also in NSW that for the first time anywhere in the world, an institutional challenge to medical disciplinary autonomy emerged with the establishment in 1984 of the "Complaints Unit" of the Department for Health. The thesis of this study is that as a result of this development, which within a comparatively short space of time led to the emergence of a system of "co-regulation" of medical discipline, medical disciplinary autonomy and peer review had within a decade, been so severely challenged as to be almost extinct in this State. In the light of theoretical frameworks provided by Weber, Habermas and the American scholar Robert Alford, the study examines the long drawn out struggle to institute medical autonomy in NSW in the 19th century, its entrenchment by subsequent legislation over the next eight decades and the "counter-attack" staged by the emergent forces of consumerism, supported by the forces of the ideology of "Public Interest Law" in the last two decades of the century. The study concludes with a discussion of the implications for definitions of professionalism which might result from the loss by Medicine in NSW, of its right to exclusive control of medical discipline and the consequent disappearance of medical peer review.

Existing research demonstrates that sexual trauma victims experience increased risk of adverse health outcomes including cardiovascular disorders, increased risk of chronic pain, and somatic health complaints. Similarly, sexual trauma is correlated with increased risk of adverse psychological effects including PTSD, depression, and anxiety. Perceived stigmatization as a result of sexual trauma has been hypothesized to be a mechanism through which sexual trauma affects health. Sexual trauma stigma (STS) has been found to mediate the relationship between sexual trauma and psychological distress. The experience of stigmatization has also been linked to somatization and is associated with increased anxiety. Similarly, among a sample of participants with a trauma history, adversity and resultant discrimination predicted somatic health complaints with post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) partially mediating this relationship. However, the experience of STS specifically and its effect on somatic health complaints and anxiety has not yet been examined. As anxiety is associated with somatic symptoms, and is often comorbid with PTSS, it may be a mechanism through which STS effects somatic health complaints. Therefore, the current study seeks to examine the relationship between STS and somatic health complaints as well as the potential mediating effect of anxiety. It was hypothesized that STS would predict somatic health complaints, and that anxiety would mediate this relationship. An international sample of 528 women with a sexual trauma history was recruited via social media (Reddit) and mediation results were found using the “psych” package for RMarkdown (Version 5.2.2) with bootstrapping (5000 samples). Overall, the model was significant R2 = .19, (F(2,1230) = 148.53, p < .01). Regression analyses revealed that sexual trauma stigma was a significant predictor of both anxiety (b = .21, SE = .01, p < .01) and somatic health symptoms (b = .13, SE =.01, p < .01), and that anxiety also predicted somatic symptoms (b = .39, SE = .03, p < .01). Anxiety was found to significantly mediate the relationship between sexual trauma and somatic health symptoms, b = .08, SE = .01, 95% CI [0.06, 0 .11]. Current findings confirm the relationship between sexual trauma stigma and somatic health complaints and identify anxiety as an important mediator of this relationship. Providers should be aware that experiences of sexual victimization are related to feelings of stigmatization and may increase anxiety, impacting somatic health complaints. These findings indicate future clinical implications for trauma informed care within medical settings to better serve women who may experience stigma related to sexual trauma and highlights anxiety as a key target for interventions to reduce somatic symptoms.

Bullying can have a negative impact on children’s development andmental health. Studentswith disabilities aremore likely to be targeted for bullying than studentswithout disabilities. In particu- lar, studies have shown that studentswith disabilities are at greater risk of bullying than students without disabilities. In addition, childrenwithdisabilities have higher riskof lowsubjective health. Results showed that therewere significant differences in the dependent variables among four dif- ferent groups of bullying participants (disabled victims, victimswithout disabilities, non victims with disabilitiesandnon-victimswithoutdisabilities).Non-disabledstudentswhowere not bullied had the highest level of subjective health,while the subjective health of disabled students who are not bullied is higher than that of disabled students who are bullied and non-disabled students who are bullied. Thismeans that as the risk of exposure to bullying increases, the subjective health of childrenwith disabilitieswillbefurther lower.Childrenwithdisabilities alone have higher life satisfaction than those with disabilities who and bullied and have higher life satisfaction than those bullied without disabilities. And childrenwithdisabilities aremore likely to report somatic and psychological symptoms than childrenwithout disabilities.Children who were bullied reportedmore somatic symptoms than childrenwho were not bullied. Therefore, schools should establish student violence prevention interventions to reduce peer victimization regardless of students’ disabilities.

Aim: The aim of the study was to explore the association between school pressure and psychosomatic health complaints and the potentially moderating effect of physical activity in a Swedish cohort of adolescents.Method: Cross-sectional data from the Swedish Health Behavior in School-aged Children (HBSC) survey of 2017/2018 was used, with participants aged 11-15 (n=3,745). The exposure was school pressure, which was measured with one question. The outcome was psychosomatic complaints, with information on the frequency of eight complaints which was added to an index. Physical activity was measured with one question. Covariates were gender, grade, and family affluence. First, Cross-tabulations with Chi squared tests were performed to examine patterns related to the exposure variable, school pressure and the covariates as well, and one- way ANOVA was used to explore the bivariate association between school pressure and psychosomatic complaints. Next, linear regression analyses were conducted to examine the association between school pressure and psychosomatic health complaints, with adjusted models including age, gender, familial socioeconomic status, and physical activity. Moderation was examined with a multiplicative interaction term which was evaluated with a Wald test, as well as with a combined variable of both school pressure and physical activity.  Results: The results suggest that higher levels of school pressure were significantly associated with higher levels of psychosomatic health complaints. The association persisted even after the adjustment for covariates. The interaction analyses did not present any moderating effect of physical activity. However, the combined variable analysis showed indications of a buffering effect: for students in the high school pressure group, those with low physical activity had more psychosomatic health complaints than those with high physical activity, the difference being statistically significant.  Conclusion: This study helps further the knowledge on how adolescents’ experiences of school pressure is associated with psychosomatic health complaints and how physical activity can buffer against this association. Suggestions on future research and important study strengths and limitations were discussed.

No description available.

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common behavioural disturbances in school children. The aims of this thesis were to explore the association of ADHD with recurrent health complaints and bullying behaviour in children in grade four, and to evaluate whether it is possible to predict ADHD in grade four by screening before or at school entry. Cohort study in a population of 577 fourth graders (10-year-olds) in Sigtuna, a municipality in Stockholm County. All children were screened for attention and behaviour problems by parents and teachers in fourth grade. In a second step children with high scores underwent further clinical and cognitive assessments. Information about health complaints and bullying was collected from the children themselves in a classroom questionnaire. Hypotheses were tested in multivariate analyses with adjustment for sex and parental education. Screening with developmental indicators and Conners scale from routine child health services was performed. Sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value for being diagnosed with ADHD in fourth grade was calculated. Recurrent abdominal pain, sleeping problems, and tiredness were associated with ADHD (adjusted relative risks: 2.2 [1.4-3.4], 1.7 [1.1-2.7], and 2.7 [1.7-4.1] respectively). ADHD was associated with bullying others students (adjusted odds ratios; 3.8 [95% C.I.: 2.0-7.2]) as well as being bullied (often 10.8 [4.0-29.0] and sometimes 2.9 [1.5-5.7]). The predictive value of developmental deviations for ADHD was no more than 20% and 50% when combining a Conner score of at least 10 from both parents and teachers. This thesis demonstrates a connection between ADHD in one as well as two settings (home and school), health complaints, and bullying in school children. Treatment strategies for ADHD need to include an effective evaluation and treatment of health complaints and effective interventions for bullying. Evaluation of ADHD should be considered in children with recurrent health complaints and in children involved in bullying. Screening does not identify children who are diagnosed with ADHD in grade four with a high degree of selectivity. It may be more important for schools to have an effective strategy for identifying and dealing with children who develop ADHD when these problems evolve, rather than before school entry.

Mental health problems have increased among adolescents in Sweden and research suggests that contextual matters could be of importance over and beyond individual socio-demographic characteristics. One such social context is school, where both the student composition of the school and its support can influence student health. This study explored the distribution of psychosomatic health complaints (PHC) and perceived teacher support (PTS) as well as the association between PTS and PHC, across school segregated profiles. It also examined gender differences in these distributions and associations. The study design was cross-sectional, and data came from classroom-surveys within Stockholm municipality of ninth grade students in 2014 (n=4904). Linear regression analyse was applied. Results showed that average levels of PHC varied across school segregation profiles for girls, while PTS varied for both gender. PTS was negatively associated with PHC for all students, while the strength of association varied across school profiles to the benefit of students in the most privileged schools. Gender differences in these associations was also observed. Conclusions were that school context, based on the student composition of the school, and its provided support was linked to psychosomatic health complaints among students in Stockholm and that gender played a role in understanding pathways in these associations.