Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-22T22:14:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Adriana Nogueira.pdf: 871584 bytes, checksum: 41fee274b7eea5122b18c42a032a72ed (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-02-25 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / Health can not be seen as just absence of disease, it should be understood from multiple factors including, among other work conditions. In work environments there are different situations and risks conditions for workers health. Among the occupational risks, we can detach the noise. Occupational exposure to noise has been studied by researchers in the field of occupational health, as one of the most prevalent and the risk that exposes many workers around the world. The best known effect of this exposure is Noise-induced Hearing Loss (NIHL) or High Sound Pressure induced Hearing Loss, considered today as one of the most prevalent disease in work environments and therefore the focus of attention prevention and health promotion. The Hearing Loss Prevention Program (HLPP) plays a key role in activities aimed at protecting workers health against the initiation and aggravation caused by occupational noise that lead to consequences for job performance, the family and participation in society. Accordingly we sought to assess the approach of health professionals, who work in occupational health companies in the Industrial Pole of Manaus, face to Hearing Loss Prevention Program in the workplace. The sample consisted of 20 occupational physicians and 20 audiologists. The technique for the collecting information was the interview with open and closed questions and the method of analysis was the content. Three categories were identified that express the knowledge of professionals about the HLPP: pragmatic, disciplinary and systems view. These categories that reflect the performance professional and detach the limitation and advances of care that companies have in relation to workers health in particular, of the hearing. The HLPP as normative and procedural aspect seeks a set measures that require an integrated work of a team of several professionals from different fields. This study shows, however, that there is still a monumental distance between what is and what is proposed. The reasons that show this scenario indicates the need for further studies in order to insert all the social actors and thus detach the context in several dimensions. / Saúde não pode ser vista apenas como ausência de doença, ela deve ser entendida a partir de múltiplos fatores incluindo entre outros, as condições de trabalho. Nos ambientes laborais existem diversas situações e condições de risco para a saúde dos trabalhadores. Entre os riscos ocupacionais, podemos destacar o ruído. A exposição ocupacional ao ruído é objeto de estudo de pesquisadores da área de saúde do trabalhador, por ser um dos riscos mais prevalentes e o que expõe inúmeros trabalhadores em todo o mundo. O efeito mais conhecido desta exposição é a Perda Auditiva Induzida por Ruído (PAIR) ou Perda Auditiva Induzida por Níveis de Pressão Sonora Elevados (PAINPSE), considerada hoje como uma das doenças profissionais mais prevalentes nos ambientes de trabalho e, portanto, foco de atenção de prevenção e promoção da saúde. O Programa de Prevenção de Perda Auditiva (PPPA) desempenha um papel fundamental nas atividades destinadas à proteção da saúde do trabalhador contra o desencadeamento e agravos provocados pelo ruído ocupacional que levam a consequências no desempenho profissional, na convivência familiar e participação na sociedade. Nesse sentido, pretendeu-se avaliar a abordagem dos profissionais de saúde, que atuam na saúde do trabalhador em empresas do Pólo Industrial de Manaus, frente ao Programa de Prevenção de Perda Auditiva no trabalho. A amostra foi de 20 médicos do trabalho e 20 fonoaudiólogos. A técnica para a coleta de informações foi a de entrevista com questões abertas e fechadas e o método de análise foi o de conteúdo. Foram identificadas três categorias que expressam o conhecimento dos profissionais sobre o PPPA: visão pragmática, visão disciplinar e visão sistêmica. Categorias estas que retratam a atuação profissional e evidenciam limitações e avanços de cuidado que as empresas têm em relação à saúde do trabalhador em particular, da audição. O PPPA como aspecto normativo e processual, busca um conjunto de medidas que exige um trabalho integrado de uma equipe com diversos profissionais de diferentes áreas. Este estudo mostra, no entanto, que ainda há uma distância monumental entre o que é proposto e o que se faz. Os motivos que retratam esse cenário indicam a necessidade de estudos mais aprofundados, de modo a inserir todos os atores sociais e assim evidenciar o contexto nas mais diversas dimensões.

According to research and authorities both young people and musicians are in need of hearing health knowledge in order to protect their own hearing. The purpose of this study was to investigate music teacher trainees’ experiences and thoughts concerning hearing health education at their music teacher programmes and internships. A sociocultural framework was used in this study. Semi-structured interviews were utilised to collect viewpoints and experiences from participants. The study involved 4 music teacher trainees, from three different music teacher training programmes. Two students were from the same music teacher programme. The data was analysed using thematic analysis. A sociocultural perspective was also used when analysing the data. The results indicate that music teacher students are not examined in hearing conservation. They do not seem to receive formative assessment in hearing conservation or hearing loss prevention. The staff is not necessarily knowledgeable in hearing conservation, even though they educate future music teachers. The staff does not seem to teach hearing conservation. Some supervisors at the internships were knowledgeable in hearing conservation and appeared to help their younger students understand risks. Other supervisors were not as knowledgeable and could be perceived as relatively passive when their students found themselves in risky sound environments without hearing protection. Social interactions which focused on hearing conservation or hearing loss prevention seemed to be quite absent at higher education and internships in Sweden. In conclusion, according to research and authorities, both youth and musicians are at risk and lack understanding of the risks in their sound environments. Music teachers are expected to teach hearing care according to the curriculum in Sweden, but many music teacher students do not feel well equipped to teach hearing care. It is important to have knowledgeable music teachers who can teach hearing care, as today's youth need this knowledge. The results and conclusions of this study suggest that society needs to equip music teachers at various levels of education with knowledge of hearing care. Several music education students in this study also expressed a desire for more hours of hearing care education at their music teacher programmes. These groups, music teachers and future music teachers, need knowledge of hearing care and hearing loss prevention to create cultures that emphasize hearing care and hearing health.

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