Ilar A. Students´ experience of responsibility for friends´ alcohol habits- a qualitative study at Campus Helsingborg. Bachelor thesis. Program in Public Health. Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, University of Gävle; 2011.   The aim of this study was to explore students’ experience of responsibility for friends´ alcohol habits, using a qualitative method. Semi-structured interviews were carried out with 16 students at Campus Helsingborg and the transcriptions were analyzed using content analysis. The findings suggested that the majority (62,5 %) of the participants felt a responsibility for their friends´ alcohol habits in contexts where alcohol was consumed. Responsibility was most often built on reciprocity in the friendship and the fact that they cared about each other not to end up in harmful situations. Perceiving a responsibility did not seem to be associated with taking responsibility to help, thus helping was rather linked to how well they knew each other, if they themselves were under the influence of alcohol and the severity of the situation. Further research is needed to understand students´ experiences of responsibility for friends´ alcohol habits in other contexts. These studies would provide more information to health policy makers and Student Health Service workers as they attempt to reduce alcohol-related health problems in Swedish Universities and colleges.

Forskning har visat att människor hjälper varandra av såväl egoistiska som altruistiska skäl. Hur ter det sig hos volontärer? Ställer volontärer upp för de hjälpbehövandes eller för sin egen skull? Den här uppsatsen syftar till att undersöka volontärers motiv till att hjälpa. Skiljer motiven sig åt beroende på om engagemanget sker i Sverige, inom Europa eller i en annan världsdel? 40 volontärer berättade skriftligt om sina volontärupplevelser. Berättelserna analyserades för att se vilken typ av motiv som angavs mest. Resultatet visade att fler egoistiska än altruistiska motiv angavs totalt sett bland volontärerna, däremot angav Europavolontärer flest altruistiska motiv. Överlag engagerade sig yngre volontärer längre hemifrån. Resultaten kan ge framförallt frivilligorganisationer men också samhället i stort insikt i motiv bakom hjälpinsatser.

Considerable evidence suggests that holding overly positive views of one’s own abilities is not only normal but may also be beneficial. Unfortunately, research demonstrating the consequences of holding inflated self-views remains relatively sparse, and research examining the interpersonal consequences of inflated self-views has come up with mixed results. In this dissertation I examine the interpersonal consequences of an employee’s inflated self-views. I specifically look at how an employee’s self-views influence coworker perceptions of the employee, the decision to share information with the employee, and whether coworkers will choose to help the employee. I find that making a clear distinction between inflated self-views and entitlement can help illustrate why coworkers may respond positively or negatively to a specific employee. / text

Organizations today are increasingly encouraging employees to engage in pro-social behaviors at work, though this effort may be hindered by the increasing reliance on computers to mediate workplace interpersonal interactions. While much research has been directed at computer-mediated teams performing highly interdependent tasks, there is a need to examine the effect of computer mediation on individual vs. collective identification and cooperation for employees in less overtly interdependent tasks. This study examined the role of group members' conscious and non-conscious identity level in the relationship between physical context and cooperation with a work group. 50 groups of 4 participants each worked in either a face-to-face or computer-mediated workspace to complete puzzles. The study hypotheses were tested using mediated hierarchical modeling. Unexpectedly, computer mediation was related to higher levels of cooperation and was unrelated to participants' identity level. An interaction between prior ability and cooperation was found, with more capable group members cooperating more, but only in the computer-mediated context. Implications for research and practice on the role of computer technology at work are discussed.

Coyne's theory of depression has failed to adequately explain the interpersonal process between depressives and nondepressives that lead to the depressive's rejection and a negative mood induction in the nondepressive. The present study was designed to examine whether the attribution process as outlined by Weiner mediates this interpersonal process. In addition, the attributional model of helping behavior was tested. Male and female subjects viewed a videotape of either a normal, depressed or schizotypal personality type who had either been fired from her job for being constantly tardy or permanently laid-off when her plant was closed and sold. Subjects then answered several questionnaires to assess level of rejection; induced mood; the locus of causality, stability, and controllability of the employee's job loss; and other perceptions of the employee. Depressives were rejected more than normals, but not more than schizotypals and there was some mood induction related to personality type. Subjects had consistent perceptions of Weiner's three dimensions and path analysis supported Weiner's theory that helping behavior is based on perceived level of controllability as mediated by sympathy. Finally, there were some significant sex difference indicating that females may be more critical of other females than are males and that males and that females have different prototypes ofdepression and schizotypal personality disorder. The results as a whole suggest some evidence for a general view of depressives which is different from other pathologic personality types and from normals. / Department of Psychological Science

Caring is a universal need of all humans and is central to the practice of nursing (Watson, 1979). Considerable research has been conducted in the study of caring behavior and caring. However, there has been little nursing research which focuses on the meaning of care as perceived by the patient. The purpose of this study was to further determine the patient's perceptions of caring behaviors of nurses by using Watson's (1979) theory of carative nursing.Watson's theory identified ten carative factors which served as the basis for the caring behavior's assessment instrument's (CBA) seven subscales. The instrument was administered to a convenience sample of 100 adults, 59% female, 40% male over 21 years of age hospitalized during 1997-1998 on the progressive care unit of a large Midwest hospital.Data were analyzed using descriptive and correlational statistics as well as MANOVA. The Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient for each subscale ranged from 0.88 to 0.98. Principle components factor analysis revealed seven factors which accounted for 71% of the variance in the data and provided support for construct validity of the instrument.Finding showed that critical care patients perceived caring behaviors of nurses in a critical care setting as having much importance on all seven subscales of the CBA. Overall, they perceived technical professional, helping/ trusting subscale and teaching/learning subscale as having much importance. There were no significant differences found on behaviors based on age, sex, education, length of hospital stay and number of hospital admissions.There were no significant differences between those who were married and not married. Married patients perceived as less caring behavior on humanism helping/trusting and teaching subscales.A major conclusion was that patients in the critical care setting overall perceived all behaviors of nurses in a critical care setting as identified in the CBA's seven subscales of the instrument as having the most importance. The behaviors identified as having the most important were technical-professional including giving shots and taking care of equipment (monitor). / School of Nursing

国立情報学研究所で電子化したコンテンツを使用している。

Thesis (D. Min.)--Ashland Theological Seminary, 1985. / Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 112-115).

Thesis (M.A.) - Carleton University, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 59-65). Also available in electronic format on the Internet.

Thesis (Ed.D.)--Teachers College, Columbia University. / Typescript; issued also on microfilm. Sponsor: Paul Byers. Dissertation Committee: Herve Varenne. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 153-162).