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Cada vez mais os proprietários de cães e gatos procuram dietas caseiras, porém muitos desconhecem a necessidade de formulação por um profissional capacitado. Assim, podem utilizar receitas de fontes como internet, fornecendo dietas inadequadas e que podem resultar em riscos à saúde do animal. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a composição de minerais de alimentos caseiros e compará-las com as recomendações do National Research Council (NRC, 2006) e da Fédération Européenne de lIndustrie des Aliments pour Animaux Familiers (FEDIAF, 2018), além de avaliar as concentrações de metais pesados nestes mesmos alimentos. Foram avaliados 100 alimentos caseiros para animais adultos saudáveis, 75 para cães e 25 para gatos, produzidos de acordo com receitas obtidas de websites. Análises bromatológicas foram realizadas por métodos convencionais e, análises de minerais e metais pesados foram realizadas por espectrometria de emissão ótica com plasma indutivamente acoplado (ICP-OES). Os resultados obtidos foram analisados no programa estatístico SAS pelo emprego de testes paramétricos e não paramétricos (P<0,05). Das 100 dietas avaliadas, nenhuma atingiu os valores recomendados de todos os nutrientes e, mais de 84,0% das dietas apresentaram três ou mais nutrientes abaixo da recomendação. Os nutrientes com maior incidência de valores abaixo da recomendação foram: selênio, cálcio e potássio nos alimentos para cães; e selênio, ferro e zinco nos alimentos para gatos. Quanto às concentrações de metais pesados, os teores de chumbo, cobalto, mercúrio, urânio e vanádio estavam acima dos níveis máximos tolerados (NMT) para cães e gatos. Estes resultados apontam a necessidade de formulação de dietas por profissional treinado para evitar riscos à saúde dos animais por desequilíbrios nutricionais. / Owners of dogs and cats increasingly seek home-prepared diets, however many of them dont acknowledge the need of formulation by a trained professional. Therefore, owners may end up using diets from sources such as internet, providing diets often imbalanced and that may cause health risks for the animal. The aim of this study was to evaluate mineral composition of home-prepared diets and to compare it to recommendations of the National Research Council (NRC, 2006) and Fédération Européenne de lIndustrie des Aliments pour Animaux Familiers (FEDIAF, 2018), and also evaluate concentrations of heavy metals on these diets. For the present study, 100 recipes for healthy adult animals, 75 for dogs and 25 for cats, were prepared according to recipes obtained from websites and were evaluated. Bromatological analyses were performed according to conventional methods and mineral and heavy metal analyses were performed by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). Results were analyzed by SAS software with parametric and non-parametric tests (P<0.05). Of the 100 recipes evaluated, none met recommended levels for all nutrients and more than 84.0% of diets presented three or more nutrients below recommendation. Nutrients with higher incidence of levels below recommendation were: selenium, calcium and potassium in recipes for dogs; and selenium, iron and zinc in recipes for cats. As for heavy metal concentrations, levels of lead, cobalt, mercury, uranium and vanadium were above maximum tolerable levels (MTL) for dogs and cats. These results point to the need of diet formulation by a trained professional to avoid health risks to animals caused by nutritional imbalances.

abstract: Homemade overpressure chemical devices, commonly known as bottle bombs, are a current topic in the news media. These homemade overpressure chemical devices are a variety of homemade chemical bombs which are constructed by youth for amusement, mischief, or misbehaviors. These bombs are made from common household chemicals. The media is frequently presenting stories about the dangers of these homemade overpressure chemical devices. The media reports that this trend is spurred by the use of YouTube and other social media. As a result of the amount of information about homemade overpressure chemical devices on YouTube and other social media, youths can quickly learn how to fabricate and use these devices. However, these youths, like many in the community, are unaware of the hazards or legal consequences associated with this activity. At this time, reliable information about this form of homemade chemical bombs is limited. Therefore, this research project will explore the culture, fabrication, legality, and risks associated with these homemade chemical bombs. Then, the research will determine if the construction of these devices is a national problem as suggested by the news media and first responder organizations with an annually increasing number incidents, property damage, and injuries. The Center for Disease Control's Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report for the week of July 18, 2003 presented the last and only known scientific attempt to determine the impact of homemade overpressure chemical devices on society. However, the Center for Disease Control was not able to get an accurate determination of the trends associated with homemade overpressure chemical devices due to the limitations of the data it reviewed. This research project looks at the data available from national databases, municipal databases, and the first responders of nine cities to determine the impact that Homemade Overpressure Chemical Devices are having on these communities within the United States. The research concluded that the number of Homemade Overpressure Chemical Devices cannot be gathered from either a national database or municipal databases. Interviews with first responders indicate that all areas of the United States are experiencing some Homemade Overpressure Chemical Device activity. However, this activity usually remains low until spurred on in a fad-like pattern. / Dissertation/Thesis / M.S.Tech Technology 2011

Background: In the context of demographic changes and age-related diseases, there is a need to focus on the health of older people. Eating disabilities, such as difficulties to use cutlery, caused by various diseases (Parkinson's disease, consequences of a stroke) are becoming more frequent and solutions must be put in place. Objective: The purpose of this study is to create recipes of Fingerfoods for older adults over 65 years old with eating disabilities. These recipes should be prepared at home and rich in protein and energy. Design: A creative design was used to create products, and several variations were created from a basic recipe. The differences between the variations of a recipe are the ingredients that can be substituted or changed in quantity. Materials and Methods: Concerning the physical analysis, texture measurements, viscosity, and colorimetry were performed. The sensory evaluation was a hedonic test to measure the appreciation of the panel according to several criteria: appearance, smell, taste, texture, and overall appreciation. Results: The samples, according to the type of product, were measured for their hardness, their adhesiveness, their viscosity, and their colour. Results also show the appreciation of each sample, the comparisons of the appreciations, the ideas for improvement of the participants, and correlations between different data sets. Discussion: Results have been analysed and used to select the suitable recipes at each phase of the study. The milkshake was preferred when vanilla whey protein was added. The cheese balls were preferred with more chicken and less cheese. Soy flour was appreciated equally or more than wheat flour in the fish cakes and the salty muffins while chickpea flour was the least liked. In the set of recipes proposed for sensory evaluation, the most protein-rich ones were the most appreciated. Conclusion: In the end, four recipes have been selected based on the physical analysis, the sensory evaluation, and the nutritional content. The expected amount of protein was achieved for all products / <p>ISBN: 978-91-87973-61-1</p>

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The development and application of portable LCD (Liquid crystal display) technology is the main trend on the market. The goal of this study is to fabricate a compound optical film, and we focus on the design and fabrication of a new type backlight module for side-LED (Light emitting diode) display. The optical efficiency can be improved via the compound optical film. The profile of optical film was determined using commercial optical software, FRED. The mold with multi aspect ratio and multi fill-factor microlens array by LIGA-like process (Lithographie galvanoformung abformung) was produced using THB-126N negative photoresist and AZ-4620 positive photoresist. The study presents many innovative processes, such as the homemade gray scale mask, and multi-step electroforming method, which both produces the microlens array with variable size and aspect ratio. In addition, the embedded micro-void caused light guide and diffusion under the quantitative control during the PDMS (Polydimethylsiloxane) optical film fabrication. The compound optical film with embedded micro-voids, multi aspect ratio and variable size microlens array can be fabricated quickly without substrate. Then the optical properties were analyzed by BM-7A to characterize the luminance, uniformity and optical efficiency.

Orientador: Prof. Dr. Wagner Alves Carvalho / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal do ABC. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia/Química, 2016. / A utilização de glicerol como substrato para reações de hidrogenólise, desidratação e hidrogenação é um meio mais sustentável para produzir propilenoglicerol (1,2-PDO) e hidroxiacetona (acetol). A conversão catalítica do glicerol é seletiva para estes produtos, utilizando catalisadores bifuncionais (ácido-metálico) e condições otimizadas de temperatura, massa de catalisador e fluxo de H2. Este trabalho teve como objetivo montar um sistema reacional em fluxo, adequado para realizar a conversão do glicerol de modo eficiente. Foram preparados carvões ativados (CA) comercial e de biomassa (caroço de azeitona), com e sem tratamento oxidativo, com impregnação de metal Cu ou Ni. Os materiais obtidos foram caracterizados por adsorção e dessorção de N2, titulação de grupos ácidos superficiais, análise termogravimétrica, dessorção à temperatura programada, redução à temperatura programada, quimissorção de H2, difração de raios-X e microscopia eletrônica de varredura. O teste de eficiência do reator foi realizado com o catalisador comercial mássico cromita de cobre (CuCr), onde foi obtido mais de 90% de conversão do glicerol e até 50% de rendimento para o 1,2-PDO. Em seguida foram estudados catalisadores suportados a base de CA comercial utilizando os metais Cu ou Ni, em que o Ni suportado CA apresentou resultados melhores de conversão do glicerol (superior a 90%) e de rendimento para o 1,2-PDO (20%). Por fim, foram testados CA¿s obtidos a partir de caroço de azeitona, com tratamento oxidativo e impregnados com Ni. Os catalisadores de biomassa foram mais eficientes do que os catalisadores CA (comercial), com conversão do glicerol superior a 90% e rendimento para o 1,2-PDO (25%). / Using glycerol as substrate for reactions of hydrogenolysis, dehydration and hydrogenation is a sustainable way to produce propylene glycol (1,2-PDO) and hydroxiacetone (acetol). Catalytic conversion of glycerol is selective for these products, using bifunctional catalysts (acid-metallic) and optimized conditions of temperature, mass of catalyst and H2 flow. This study aimed to build a reactional system in fixed-bed reactor, suitable to perform a glycerol conversion efficiently. It were prepared activated carbon (CA) commercial and from biomass (olive stone), with and without oxidative treatment, with Cu or Ni metal impregnation. Materials obtained were characterized by adsorption and desorption of N2, surface acid groups titration, termogravimetric analysis, temperature programmed desorption, temperature programmed reduction, H2 chemisorption, X ray diffraction and scanning electronic microscope. Efficiency test of reactor were performed with commercial mass catalyst, copper chromite (CuCr), which were obtained more than 90% of glycerol conversion and up to 50% 1,2-PDO yield. Then it were studied supported catalysts commercial CA-based using Cu or Ni metal, which CA-supported Ni presented better results of glycerol conversion (up to 90%) and 1,2-PDO yield (20%). At last, it were tested CA¿s obtained from olive stone, with oxidative treatment and impregnated with Ni. Catalysts from biomass were more efficient than commercial CA catalysts, with glycerol conversion up to 90% and 1,2-PDO yield up to 25%.

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近來LED在日常生活中的照明應用如火如荼，幾乎到處可見到它的蹤跡。由於不但輕薄短小，更具節能環保特性，因此發展潛力無限，已被視為取代傳統照明的明日之星。 從較小功率的訊號指示燈運用開始，隨著開發與製造技術的提升，逐漸擴展應用到液晶電視背光板，而後家用照明、商業照明，進而車用照明等更高發光效率、更大功率、更廣色域的運用領域，儼然已成照明主流。 然而，在車用領域，雖然照明的需求非常多，諸如方向燈、煞車燈、標示燈、儀表燈、閱讀燈、晝行燈、霧燈、頭燈等，都是LED潛在的應用市場，但各家車廠在追求時尚與科技感的同時，亦無法忽略安全與耐久性的考量。尤其是在同時具有高度車廠品牌識別功能的頭、尾燈及晝行燈照明方面。 因此，從LED照明供應商至車廠，無不花費巨資、卯足全力，競相研發、推廣，如何及時將LED新產品引進到車上，以能更快更多地擄獲潛在車主歡心，取得整體商品價值與銷售市占提升的相輔相成效果。 本研究之目的，正是針對引進新產品LED照明的國產小客車，以產業龍頭公司個案為例，探討如何結合產品、訂價、通路、促銷，以及人員、流程、有形展示等7Ps行銷組合(marketing mix)策略，達到促進LED新產品在國產小客車市場的擴大應用。 本研究除了將針對企業市場競爭策略，及行銷策略組合的理論基礎加以探討外，也將同時對LED小客車的產業環境，以及個案公司有關LED國產小客車市場競爭策略、行銷策略與業務規劃等一併進行了解與分析，冀望藉此進一步推移出未來國產小客車用照明市場中，LED新產品引進及銷售的提升與發展方向。