Title: Position of women's football in the Czech Republic (Based on the example of women's football in the Pardubice Region) Objectives: The aim of the thesis is to describe the position of Czech women's football, map women's football in the Pardubice Region and find out female football players' opinions on women's football in the Czech Republic. Methods: An empirical research method is used in this thesis. The research was implemented by a paper-based questionnaire survey. The questionnaire was created specially for this research. The results were converted into different types of graphs using simple descriptive statistics. Results: The Czech Republic is ranked the 30th best club in the FIFA Women's World Ranking. None of Czech women's football national teams has managed to qualify for Olympics, FIFA Women's World Cup or UEFA Women's EURO. There are five clubs in the Pardubice Region in the 2015/2016 season which have a women's team. Only one of these clubs has got youth female teams. The majority of female players in this region "only" play football and do not know about the history and the best player. More than a half of the players did not mention anything that had bothered them in Czech women's football. The majority of the female players lack money both for themselves and clubs. Keywords:...

In Walter Pater’s work there are often mentions of discipline and ascesis in an explicitly positive way. But, in some of his work, discipline, although not ascesis, seem to be taking on a more negative form. Critics have nonetheless seemed satisfied with Pater’s explicit praise for discipline and the area is thus not very thoroughly researched. One area that is well researched is the homoerotic subtexts that are evident in a lot of Pater’s work, which critics have examined in a variety of different ways. I suggest analysing the imaginary portraits “Emerald Uthwart” and “Apollo in Picardy,” to argue that Pater contrasts the Ancient Greek notion of ascesis with the nineteenth century understanding of discipline in order to question the legal restrictions on homosexuality in late nineteenth century England. Due to the historical context of the 1885 Criminal Law Amendment Act, which criminalised homosexuality, and Pater’s regular use of—as well as his admiration for—Ancient Greece, I have found that there is a connection between discipline, ascesis, and homosexuality. In the essay I make use of some of Foucault’s theories, especially from The History of Sexuality Vol. 1 and Vol. 2., to argue that the juxtaposition between homosexuality and discipline and ascesis in the two portraits provides new insights to the intricacies of Pater’s work. Keywords: Walter Pater; discipline; ascesis; homosexuality; “Apollo in Picardy”; “Emerald Uthwart”; Imaginary Portraits

M.A. (Psychology) / Please refer to full text to view abstract

The author joins the Peace Corps in the hopes that he will discover who he really is yet he only finds frustration. Upon returning to the States he has a daughter and finds peace. Within this peace, as he types up the life history of a friend, he finally makes a breakthrough, yet the answer he finds is not to his liking.

Jamaica is a beautiful island in the Caribbean well known all over the world for its Reggae music and its message of One love. But it is neither the songs about love nor the striking beauty of the island that awoken our interest. It was the widespread homophobia that can be found both in the Reggae lyrics, as they often promotes violence against homosexuals, the law against buggary and in almost every other corner of the society. We wanted to know if this homophobia also could be found in the press. Therefore the aim of this study is to find how LGBT-persons are being described in the Jamaican press. Do the press reflect or oppose the homophobia in the society? Our theoretical framework is about socialization, identity and the building of a nation, of which in all media is a part. It is also about how alienation is created by the media. Our material contains of all articles from the four main newspapers in Jamaica, The Daily Observer, The Gleaner, The Chat and The Star, that in someway touches LGBT-persons during a two week period, between November 10 and November 23, 2008. We use all of these 27 articles to make a quantitative analysis and four of them are handpicked for a qualitative analysis. As a complement to the articles we use qualitative interviews with the editor in chief of The Daily Observer Vernon Davidson, and the Senior lecturer of Media and Communication at University of West Indies, Canute James. We find that the homophobia in the society is in some ways reflected by the Jamaican press. LGBT-persons, especially homosexual men, are described as different, abnormal and as standing outside the Jamaican society. This strengthens the alienation. The great reggae and dancehall stars are often more defended than criticized for their homophobic lyrics in the press. What we also find is that there is an ongoing debate about the homophobic hatred as being a part of an old society that it is time for Jamaica to grow out of. In other words the proud Jamaican nation of which the homophobia is a part should change according to some, whilst others do not want their nation to adapt itself to other countries views.

O aparecimento das novas configurações familiares LGBT tem gerado discussões candentes no cenário mundial. Nos últimos anos, o Brasil teve conquistas jurídicas e sociais importantes. Porém, mesmo diante desses avanços, o país ocupa a posição de primeiro lugar no ranking mundial de assassinatos por homolesbotransfobia. Os relacionamentos homoafetivos, cada vez mais expressivos e visíveis, trazem a necessidade de compreender como esses casais investem subjetivamente na relação e os dilemas que vivenciam. Esta pesquisa teve por objetivo investigar a conjugalidade homoafetiva feminina e conhecer os impactos do campo de representação social predominantemente atravessado por preceitos heteronormativos nos intercâmbios inconscientes que estruturam o vínculo intersubjetivo desses casais. Foram realizadas entrevistas abertas com casais homoafetivos femininos, no qual a pesquisadora pediu para as entrevistadas compartilharem de forma livre como foi a construção do relacionamento e que pontos da relação elas julgavam importantes de serem compartilhados. O exame do material teve o apoio teórico da psicanálise, baseado nos postulados de René Kaës,que compreende o sujeito do inconsciente enquanto sujeito do grupo. Os conceitos de intersubjetividade, alianças inconscientes e negatividade serviram de embasamento conceitual-teórico e nortearam as discussões. Nos relatos das protagonistas, foram identificadas diversas formas de violência na qual foram vítimas, impingidas através de atos sutis ou de estigmatização dessubjetivante, sugerindo uma recusa da existência legítima e da visibilidade da homoconjugalidade pelos laços sociais e vínculos familiares. Negativamente marcadas, elas narraram episódios de homofobia e um imaginário de associação da mulher homoafetiva com a marginalidade. Esse cenário social de hostilidade desafia os avalistas metassociais e psíquicos do vínculo intersubjetivo e impacta nas alianças de base, fundamentais para a função narrativa e legitimadora da relação / The onset of the new LGBT Family configurations has been generating burning discussions in the world scenario. Brazil has had important legal and social achievements in the last years. However, even considering such advances, the country ranks first in murders due to homophobie. The homosexual relationships, each time more significant and visible, bring a need to understand how these couples subjectively invest in the relationship and, therefore, the dilemma that they experience. In the present research, I propose the research of the female homosexual conjugality and the knowledge of the impacts of the field of social representation, which are predominantly crossed by heteronormative precepts in the unconscious exchanges that structure the intersubjective bond of these couples. Open interviews with female homosexual couples were made, in which the interviewed were asked to freely share the construction of their relationship as well as the aspects of the relationship they found important to be shared. Theoretical support of psychoanalysis was sought in the analysis of the material, especially in the postulates of René Kaës, who understands the subject of the unconscious as the subject of the group.The concepts of intersubjectivity, unconscious alliances and negativity were taken as conceptual and theoretical background and they guided discussions. Various forms of violence were identified in the report of the victims themselves, in which they were foisted either through subtile acts or through desubjectivating stigmatization, suggesting a refusal of both the legitimate existence and the visibility of the homoconjugality through social ties and family bonds. These subjects are strikingly marked and they narrate episodes of homophobia and an imagery of association of homosexual woman and marginality. This social scenario of hostility challenges the metasocial and psychic guarantors of the intersubjective bond and it presents a negativity in the alliances of base that are essential for the role of the narrative and legitimising of the relationship

Gay Power! A Study of Male Homosexuality and Identity Politics in the Swedish GayPress 1971–1986 In this essay, the author examines the sexual policy ideas behind the Swedish gaymagazine Revolt in order to describe one aspect of the history of ideas about male homosexuality in Sweden. In particular, the study emphasize the social and cultural creation of meaning, as well as constructions of a homosexual male subject. The author has here focused on the ideas and theories that governed and influenced the magazine in a certain direction during the examined period 1971–1986. The overall purpose has been to study the gay press's perception of homosexuality, and what values about same sex-sexuality that have emerged in the material. The author distinguishes between two kinds of directions of ideas who have affected the magazine. One was the ideology of sexual liberalism, where the ambition was to break the silence and stigma when talking about sex in general, especially homosexuality. Within the framework of sexual liberalism, the magazine has intended to depict the many facets of homosexuality in words and images. The other direction was more focused on conducting identity politics where the sexual practice was dimmed to instead give preference to issues that valued a creation of a homosexual identity. The construction of such an identity has primarily been about creating cohesion and continuity among gay men, in order to strengthen the homosexual community inwards. But the identity politics has also implied a normalization of homosexuality. Likewise, it has limited the scope for sexual variations in relation to the creation of a homosexual subjectivity. By the mid-1980s, the identity politics had become so strong that Revolt came to be a magazine for gay men specifically, and earlier liberal ideas of sexuality became almost alienated. The male homosexuality became here an object of moralizing where some sexual practices were problematized and even made incomprehensible in the light of social changes in the homosexual community and in the society in general.

Thesis advisor: John J. Michalczyk / The traditional concept of marriage for the purpose of procreation is being challenged by one of the smaller states, Massachusetts, with the advent of same-sex marriage. With the court decision in the landmark case Goodridge v. Department of Public Health (440 Mass. 309 [2003]), the Massachusetts courts were forced to provide equal marriage rights to homosexual couples. With marriage rights being debated, same-sex married couples began to look at the impact marriage would have on their economic status. The government quickly passed both DOMA (Defense of Marriage Act) in 1996 and FMA (Federal Marriage Act) in 2003 that specifically stated that same-sex marriages are not recognized within the federal government. Thus, homosexual married couples face problems economically in five areas: insurance and beneficiaries, taxes and governmental aid, estate planning and retirement, employee benefits, and children. Each of these areas has hurdles for same-sex couples; however, with guidance, some of these bridges may be crossed. In addition, one realizes that married homosexuals should have basic rights that are provided to heterosexual married couples. By looking at four different factual perspectives of homosexuals from Massachusetts, a more encompassing picture can be seen. By combining factual economics with humanistic qualities, same-sex marriage has a strong case in the courts. These new laws in Massachusetts are being compared to those of other states and the impact that this may have on the future. / Thesis (BA) — Boston College, 2005. / Submitted to: Boston College. College of Arts and Sciences. / Discipline: College Honors Program.

[pt] Apesar de nas últimas duas décadas termos presenciado o surgimento de uma vasta gama de estudos relacionados à homossexualidade, pouco foi produzido sobre o tema do preconceito sexual internalizado e sua relação com a formação da identidade do sujeito. Através de conceitos oriundos da Psicologia Social, esta tese visa proceder a uma investigação exploratória deste tipo específico de preconceito e sua correlação com sintomas clínicos tais como depressão e suicídio, transtornos alimentares, abuso de álcool e drogas, comportamentos sexuais de risco, violência doméstica, e a busca por terapias de conversão da homossexualidade. Com este intuito, realizamos entrevistas em profundidade com homossexuais masculinos de classe média e moradores da cidade do Rio de Janeiro, avaliadas através da metodologia de análise do discurso. Dentre os resultados obtidos citamos as semelhanças encontradas entre os achados citados pelas bibliografias norte-americanas e européias sobre preconceito sexual internalizado e os dados colhidos entre nossos entrevistados brasileiros, principalmente no que diz respeito a depressão, dificuldades na conjugalidade homossexual (e.g. violência doméstica), experiências com preconceito e discriminação, e obstáculos similares no processo de aquisição de uma identidade gay positiva. / [en] Despite the fact that in the last two decades we have witnessed the emergence of a series of studies on homosexuality, little research has been produced on the subject of internalized prejudice and its relationship to gay identity. Using Social Psychological concepts, this thesis is an exploratory investigation of this specific type of prejudice and its correlation with clinical symptoms such as depression and suicide, eating disorders, alcohol and drug abuse, high risk sexual behavior, domestic violence, and the search for conversion therapies. With this objective, we made in-depth interviews with male homosexuals that live in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, with the material obtained being later examined using a discourse analysis methodology. Among our results we mention that North-American, European and Brazilian male homosexuals seem to experience internalized prejudice in a similar way, particularly with respect to depression, difficulties in gay male couples (domestic violence), experiences with prejudice and discrimination, and comparable obstacles in the process of acquiring a positive gay identity.

Diversos estudos apontam que existe maior vulnerabilidade - em suas três dimensões, individual, social e programática - para aquisição de HIV em homens que fazem sexo com homens (HSH), e essa vulnerabilidade se potencializa quando avaliada em condições relacionadas ao uso de drogas psicoativas. Esse estudo explorou a relação entre o uso recreativo de droga psicoativa e sexo em população de HSH. Participaram da pesquisa 34 sujeitos selecionados em uma amostra de conveniência, os quais responderam questionário estruturado e semiestruturado sobre o uso de drogas e o comportamento sexual. O tamanho da amostra foi definido com base na técnica qualitativa de esgotamento de discurso. Foi utilizada análise descritiva para as questões quantitativas e análise de conteúdo para as questões qualitativas. Dos participantes, 91% (31) referiram uso drogas psicoativas. O álcool foi relatado por 94% (29) dos indivíduos, sendo o mais frequente entre as drogas licitas. A maconha, entre as drogas ilícitas, foi relatada por 58% (18). O uso intermitente do preservativo apareceu em 91% (31) das respostas. A mediana relatada de parceiros sexuais no mês anterior à pesquisa foi de 1,5 (P25-75:1-4). A análise de conteúdo mostrou uma percepção conservadora sobre a relação entre uso de drogas e sexo. O preservativo foi citado como a forma mais conhecida de prevenção. A utilização de drogas não pareceu ser o fator mais relevante associado às falhas relacionadas ao uso de estratégias de prevenção. O estudo mostrou que outros fatores, como capacidade de negociação com o parceiro, realizar oportunidades baseadas no risco e principalmente o desejo sexual, podem influenciar mais no não uso de preservativo do que as drogas psicoativas. Apesar de ter sido observada uma associação entre o uso de drogas psicoativas e a falha de prevenção no comportamento sexual de risco, fica evidente a necessidade de maior compreensão das variáveis envolvidas nesse processo para tornar mais efetivas as ações programáticas de prevenção de HIV e outras DSTs nessa população / Several studies pointed out higher vulnerability for HIV acquisition; in terms of individual, social and programmatic dimensions; in men who have sex with men (MSM). This vulnerability appears to be enhanced when assessed on psychoactive drug use conditions. This study explored the relationship between recreational use of psychoactive drugs and sex in the MSM population. Thirty-four individuals selected by convenience sample participated in the study. They answered structured and semi-structured questionnaires on drug use and sexual behavior. The sample size was defined on qualitative technique, up to the number when data saturation was achieved. Descriptive analysis was used for quantitative questions and content analysis for qualitative answers. The results showed that 91% (31) of the group referred psychoactive drug use. The most frequent licit drug used was alcohol 94% (29) and for illicit drug was marijuana 58% (18). The intermittent condom use was reported by 91% of them. The median reported number of sexual partners in the last month in this group was 1.5 (P25-75: 1- 4). The content analysis showed a conservative perception toward drug use and sex relationship. The condom appeared as the best-known prevention form. The use of drugs did not appear to be the most significant factor associated with prevention strategies failures. The study showed that other factors; such as ability to negotiate with the partner, taking risk-based opportunities and, particularly, sex drive; might have higher influence in dismissing condom use than psychoactive drugs use. Despite an association between use of psychoactive drugs and failure to avoid sexual risk behavior was observed, a better understanding of variables involved in this process is needed to make programmatic actions to prevent HIV and other STIs more effective in this population