Originally presented as the author's thesis, Harvard University, 1963. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 304-307).

Thesis (M.A.)--Trinity International University, 2004. / Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 78-83).

ix, 212 p. A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number. / This dissertation discusses the political conceptualization and social practice of the body in early China through a close examination of the texts and documents produced from the Spring and Autumn period to the end of the Eastern Han dynasty. It demonstrates that, in addition to medical concerns, the body in early China was transformed into a political concept and a ritual subject that served indispensably in state construction and social control. It is divided into the following three chapters. Chapter one, "Physiognomy and the Body," examines the relationship between physiognomy and the body. Following a roughly chronological order, this chapter shows how physiognomy, a divination technique, read the body for political purposes. In addition to this, the chapter also discusses philosophical reactions to this political interpretation of the body by looking at criticisms in the works of Mengzi, Xunzi, Dong Zhongshu, Wang Chong and Wang Fu. Chapter two, "Politics and the Body," discusses the political theory and practice of the body in early China. It begins with a description of the metaphorical meanings of the body in early political discourse, focusing on their role in defining the competitive relationship between the ruler and the minister, as well as their significance in defending the political and ethical legitimacy of the state. The use of the body as an actual political tool forms the second consideration of this chapter. I demonstrate how the political symbolism of the body weighted significantly in Han China's foreign policy making. Chapter three, "Ritual and the Body," deals with the issue of ritualization of the body in early China. The chapter is organized in accordance with two issues concerning the body in early ritual theories: ritualizing the body and embodying the ritual. I show how ritual trains the body to be acceptable to the society and how the ritualized body facilitates the maintenance of a hierarchical social order. / Adviser: Stephen Durrant

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2017-05-23T12:17:24Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Amanda Martinez Lourido.pdf: 890132 bytes, checksum: b35b26f3b923c909a7fc12065a4cd655 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-23T12:17:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Amanda Martinez Lourido.pdf: 890132 bytes, checksum: b35b26f3b923c909a7fc12065a4cd655 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-05-19 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq / The presente study composes the research line “Childhood and adolescence panorama: a phenomenological study about psychoeducational practices in institutions”, coordinated by Professor Dr. Luciana Szymanski, of the research group on educational practices and psychoeducational attention in the family, school and community (ECOFAM). Conducted in a municipal elementar school on the outskirts of São Paulo, this research aimed to understand the corporeity and its unfoldings in the school context. This experience of research and psychoeducational intervention was an opportunity to think about the relation between University and School, allowing to perceive the ample possibilities for enrichment and improvement for both institutions, also enable to understand the phenomenological approach as facilitator of a questioning method and with a critical view when faced with society challenges. This study consists in a qualitative, participatory and interventional research, based on the phenomenological approach, especially the Merleau Ponty thought. It’s was carried out an investigation about the body with the school community based on three aspects: 1. Identify the ways of manifestation and expression of corporeity in daily life, spaces and school activities. 2. Understand the relation between educators and the issue of corporeity. 3. Promote an area of intervention-reflection with the educators about the corporeity and its possibilities in the pedagogigcal practice. The procedures used in the research were the participant observation and the reflective encounter, proposed by Szymanski, H. The analysis was made from the notion of Constelation, proposed by Szymanski, H. and from the merleaupontian comprehension about the corporeity and other aspects related to the theme. In the dialogue with the educators there were criticisms to the brazilian educational structure, on how to mantain segmented and controlling practices about the body and the students knowledge. The body shows up as a part of the cartesian dichotomy, devalued and subjugated to rationalized contente and practices. On the other hand, the extracurricular activities reveal the corporal character and the appreciation of experience that can be provided by school education, although extensive discussion is still needed about these aspects in the school environment, in view of transformations that understand education and learning as experiences of human existence that can only be realized through corporeity / O presente estudo compõe a linha de pesquisa “Panoramas da infância e adolescência: um estudo fenomenológico sobre práticas psicoeducativas em instituições”, coordenado pela Profa. Dra. Luciana Szymanski, do grupo de pesquisa em Práticas Educativas e Atenção Psicoeducacional na Família, Escola e Comunidade (ECOFAM). Realizada em uma escola municipal de ensino fundamental na periferia da cidade de São Paulo, esta pesquisa teve como objetivo compreender a corporeidade e seus desdobramentos no contexto escolar. Esta experiência de pesquisa e intervenção psicoeducativa foi uma oportunidade para refletir sobre a relação entre Universidade e escola, permitindo perceber as amplas possibilidades de enriquecimento e aprimoramento a ambas instituições, além de permitir compreender a abordagem fenomenológica como facilitadora de um método questionador e com olhar crítico frente aos desafios da sociedade. Este estudo consiste em uma pesquisa qualitativa de caráter participante e interventivo, pautada na abordagem fenomenológica, em especial no pensamento de Merleau-Ponty. Buscou-se desenvolver uma investigação sobre o corpo junto à comunidade escolar, a partir de três aspectos: 1. Identificar os modos de manifestação e expressão da corporeidade no cotidiano, espaços e atividades escolares. 2. Compreender a relação de educadores com a questão da corporeidade. 3. Promover um espaço de intervenção-reflexão com as educadoras acerca da corporeidade e suas possibilidades nas práticas pedagógicas. Os procedimentos utilizados na pesquisa foram a observação participante e o encontro reflexivo, proposto por Szymanski, H. A análise se fez a partir da noção de Constelações, proposta por Szymanski, H, e da compreensão merleaupontiana sobre a corporeidade e demais aspectos relacionados ao tema. No diálogo com as educadoras houve críticas à estrutura educacional brasileira, no sentido de manter práticas segmentadas e controladoras sobre o corpo e o conhecimento dos alunos. O corpo apareceu como parte da dicotomia cartesiana, desvalorizado e subjugado a conteúdos e práticas “racionalizadas”. Por outro lado, as atividades extracurriculares revelam o caráter corporal e a valorização da experiência que a educação escolar pode proporcionar, apesar de ainda ser necessária vasta discussão sobre esses aspectos no ambiente escolar, tendo em vista transformações que compreendam a educação e a aprendizagem enquanto experiências da existência humana que só podem realizar-se por meio da corporeidade

Thesis (doctoral)--Innsbruck, Universität, 2000. / Originally presented as the author's thesis (doctoral - Innsbruck) under the title: Zur ethischen Relevanz der Körperlichkeit in der feministischen Theologie und Philosophie. Includes bibliographical references (p. 248-263).

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Duquesne University, 2006. / Title from document title page. Abstract included in electronic submission form. Includes bibliographical references (p. 208-210) and index.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / O ser humano como corpo é o tema central deste trabalho. A fim de se ter uma visão geral do assunto se busca, na primeira parte, saber, de maneira sucinta, qual o tratamento do corpo nas reflexões antropológicas de diversas correntes filosóficas e teológicas. A segunda parte tem como finalidade fornecer subsídios para a definição do ser humano como corpo. Para tanto se busca compreender o conceito soma em Paulo, mas não fazendo uma exegese dos seus textos, e sim tomando por base vários intérpretes do seu pensamento. A terceira parte divide-se em duas fases: inicia-se com uma análise do conceito ser humano no pensamento do biólogo Humberto Maturana. Tal procedimento busca aprofundar e ampliar a definição de que o ser humano é corpo. A seguir, estabelece-se um diálogo entre os aportes de Paulo e de Maturana a propor um esboço desse ser humano que é corpo. A quarta parte busca avaliar dois discursos bioéticos e procura delinear algumas implicações dessa definição antropológica para a bioética. / The human being as body is the central topic of this dissertation. In order to get an overview of the topic, the first part briefly discusses how the human body is dealt with in the anthropological reflections made by some philosophical and theological perspectives. The second part describes possible contributions for the definition of the human being as body. For that purpose it tries to understand the concept of soma in Pauls thinking, not by offering a direct exegesis of Pauls texts, but by refering to suggestions made by some of his interpreters. The third part undertakes an analysis of the concept of human being proposed by the biologist, Humberto Maturana. This procedure aims at elaborating on and broadening his definition that the human being is body. Then it establishes a dialogue between the views of Paul and Maturana with the purpose of delineating a concept of the human being as body. The fourth part advances some conclusions by evaluating two bioethical discourses and by sketching some implications of this anthropological definition for bioethics.

The figure of the cyborg, or more latterly, the posthuman body has been an increasingly familiar presence in a number of academic disciplines. The majority of such studies have focused on popular culture, particularly the depiction of the posthuman in science-fiction, fantasy and horror. To date however, few studies have focused on the posthuman and the comic book superhero, despite their evident corporeality, and none have questioned comics’ readers about their responses to the posthuman body. This thesis presents a cultural history of the posthuman body in superhero comics along with the findings from twenty-five, two-hour interviews with readers. By way of literature reviews this thesis first provides a new typography of the posthuman, presenting it not as a stable bounded subject but as what Deleuze and Guattari (1987) describe as a ‘rhizome’. Within the rhizome of the posthuman body are several discursive plateaus that this thesis names Superhumanism (the representation of posthuman bodies in popular culture), Post/Humanism (a critical-theoretical stance that questions the assumptions of Humanism) and Transhumanism (the philosophy and practice of human enhancement with technology). With these categories in mind the thesis explores the development of the posthuman in body in the Superhuman realm of comic books. Exploring the body-types most prominent during the Golden (1938-1945), Silver (1958-1974) and contemporary Ages of superheroes it presents three explorations of what I term the Perfect Body, Cosmic Body and Military-Industrial Body respectively. These body types are presented as ‘assemblages’ (Delueze and Guattari, 1987) that display rhizomatic connections to the other discursive realms of the Post/Human and Transhuman. This investigation reveals how the depiction of the Superhuman body developed and diverged from, and sometimes back into, these realms as each attempted to territorialise the meaning and function of the posthuman body. Ultimately it describes how, in spite of attempts by nationalistic or economic interests to control Transhuman enhancement in real-world practices, the realms of Post/Humanism and Superhumanism share a more critical approach. The final section builds upon this cultural history of the posthuman body by addressing reader’s relationship with these images. This begins by refuting some of the common assumptions in comics studies about superheroes and bodily representations. Readers stated that they viewed such imagery as iconographic rather than representational, whether it was the depiction of bodies or technology. Moreover, regular or committed readers of superhero comics were generally suspicious of the notion of human enhancement, displaying a belief in the same binary categories -artificial/natural, human/non-human - that critical Post/Humanism seeks to problematize. The thesis concludes that while superhero comics remain ultimately too human to be truly Post/Humanist texts, it is never the less possible to conceptualise the relationship between reader, text, producer and so on in Post/Humanist terms as reading-assemblage, and that such a cyborgian fusing of human and comic book allow both bodies to ‘become other’, to move in new directions and form new assemblages not otherwise possible when considered separately.

Thesis (PhD)--Macquarie University, Faculty of Arts, Department of Media, Music, and Cultural Studies, 2009. / Bibliography: p. 303-332.

Revised thesis (doctoral)--Universität Łódź, 2004. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 193-214).