Previous work on hurtful messages focused on receiving hurtful messages in dyadic relationships. However, hurt feelings are also elicited when people receive hurtful messages from individuals other than the person who originally stated the message. The current study examined peoples’ experience of hurt, perception of intent, and tendency to distance themselves from both perpetrators (those responsible for generating the hurt invoking message) and deliverers (those responsible for revealing or delivering the hurt invoking message). The investigation revealed associations between victims’ perceptions of the degree of similarity they shared with perpetrators and the intensity of hurt felt by victims, as well as the degree to which the message threatened victims’ negative face and the intensity of hurt victims felt. For both perpetrators and deliverers, as victims’ perceptions of intent increased, the distancing effect on the relationship also increased. The intensity of hurt victims felt was associated with the tendency for victims to distance themselves from perpetrators. Victims perceived that friends intentionally hurt their feelings to a greater extent than did romantic partners. / text

The present study explored the phenomenon of serial hurt – hurtful interactions between romantic partners that reoccur about the same topic or issue. In this investigation, a framework of serial hurt was offered, and a number of research questions and hypotheses were examined. The first goal of this study was to assess whether serial hurt was discernable from discrete hurt that occurred in a single, isolated instance. The second purpose of this project was to provide an initial exploration of serial hurt as it occurs in romantic relationships. A community sample of romantic partners (N = 203) completed a series of self-report questionnaires pertaining to either discrete or serial hurt in their current romantic relationships. Results indicated that romantic partners made sense of and responded to hurtful exchanges with their partner in distinct ways depending on the type of hurt experienced. Specifically, the results indicated that discrete hurt and serial hurt are experienced in unique ways by individuals, both cognitively and behaviorally. Further, descriptive, exploratory data on serial hurt provided insight into an alternative perspective for examining hurtful interactions in relationships. / text

Master of Arts / Department of Communication Studies, Theatre, and Dance / Charles Griffin / Interpersonal hurt in romantic relationships describes many every day interactions couples have. However, these instances of hurt are difficult to identify, talk about, and react to, making the study of such interactions immensely difficult as well. This in-depth literature review of current scholarly work is compiled in an effort to provide groundwork for understanding what hurt is, how individuals conceptualize the hurt they feel, and the coping strategies used to overcome what some scholars call a communicative and social phenomenon. Further, a discussion of future avenues of research and the implications of an expansion on the current research aims to guide future scholars to better understand what so many scholars are attempting to get a handle on.

sociological literature suggests that adult sports participation is occurring in a 'culture of risk' which glorifies pain, rationalises risk and promotes the practice of playing hurt (Messner, 1990; Nixon, 1992; Curry 1993; Pike, 2000; Roderick et aI, 2000, Safai, 2003; Howe, 2004; Young, 2004a; Liston et aI. 2006). Using this corpus of knowledge as a point of departure, this study directs attention towards young people's sporting risk encounters within the specific context of school sport. Guided by a process-sociological framework (Elias, 1978, 1991,2000 [1939]), it offers an insight into the ways in which young people interpret, experience and manage sporting risk and episodes of sporting pain and injury whilst at school. The research draws on data generated by 1,651 young people aged between ten and sixteen years old using a three-phase data collection programme. The programme incorporated self-report questionnaires, semi-structured interviews and group-based creative tasks and was conducted in six secondary schools located in "Churchill", a major English conurbation. The findings suggest that school sport worlds (re )produce two entwined, yet competing sets of beliefs, attitudes and practices related to sporting pain and injury and are best described as webs of risks and precaution and protectionism. Rather than adopting a more cautious approach to pain and injury the data indicates that this cluster of young people frequently play hurt, normalise injury and engage in forms of 'injury talk' that discredit episodes of sporting pain. In so doing, they may be placing their short and long-term physical, psychological, social and moral health in jeopardy. However, it is argued that this collection of sporting practices are highly valued by young people and are integral to the ways in which they assign and perform a range of dissecting and fluid embodied identities. Notwithstanding the potential for sporting risk encounters to engender damaging, disrupting and debilitating outcomes, the data also emphasises the potential for these experiences to act as important spaces in which young people are able to probe their bodily limits, develop corporeal knowledge and experience pleasurable emotions (Maguire, 199Ia). This thesis draws attention to the duality of sport and calls for a more reality-congruent approach to the sport-health-risk-youth nexus in the development of future (school) sport worlds.

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is considered a pressing public health concern. Adolescent victims of IPV are at risk of a number of severe consequences which can lead to poorer academic performance, relationship problems, and being revictimized by or perpetrating IPV later in life. The purpose of this study was to conduct a qualitative case study on the Love Doesn’t Hurt (LDH) program run in 100 schools in Kansas to understand the professional viewpoints of the counselors/teachers who led the program, determine whether they saw improvements among the male adolescent population, obtain knowledge of ways the program worked or did not work, and determine suggestions for future practices. The central question was: What experiences and reactions do Kansas middle school students have while participating in the LDH program? Open-ended unstructured interviews were held with 9 family and consumer science teachers/counselors from 3 sites in Kansas (1 each from a rural, suburban, and urban setting) selected through purposive sampling and analyzed through NVivo 12 software. The theoretical foundation for this study was social learning and feminist theory. Students participating in the LDH program seemed to communicate more openly with and have greater awareness related to IPV. Girls felt more comfortable and participated more than boys. Boys seemed more mature when separated from girls but perceived the curriculum as “male-bashing.” This study is critical for policymakers; they may want to integrate the program more permanently into their academic curriculum, especially since longer sessions of IPV prevention programs seem to produce more long-term effects.

The purpose of this research is to help people who have been hurt by bad leadership, and also to find out why they move from one church to the other. This is an undercover issue since in most cases the Pentecostal church family projects strength than weakness. This study deals with people who have been hurt by bad leadership that verbally attacks and curses them from the pulpit. The pulpit is already a position of power and if not handled rightly, it has negative ramification on the hearers. One of it is the mobility of membership, from one Assembly to the other in search for more understanding and encouraging atmosphere.This particular abuse of power has been a burning issue within some of the Pentecostal churches and has been overlooked and without any redress. Therefore this thesis attempts through pastoral care approach, to deal with these issues, that have affected some church members. The problem in the study has been extensively explained and a method of helping and healing those that are hurt is also projected substantially. The different types of leadership and leadership qualities are also tabulated and explained to enable an understanding that people deserve a better approach. Since the researcher has been in the church for a long time, and through observation has experienced how some people were verbally abused from the pulpit has motivated her to conduct a research. Specially, on how to care for those who are wounded in spirit, as she mentioned some of the members have been hurt for almost three decades, yet they are still looking for a church where they can be spiritually fulfilled. It is appropriate to make this valuable research in the field of practical theology as the generated knowledge, shall help the people to heal the hurts and stabilize. It is reasonable to surmise that when a miss-normal is perpetuated without any challenge it takes a toll and becomes a standard behaviour. This research refuses to remain silent and has exposed and projected a healing solution to the plight of members that the pulpit victimises whether consciously and unconsciously. The willingness of the interviewees in these case studies is also highly commended as it roots the studies in concrete realities and generates lessons that are based on real life research. Copyright / Dissertation (MA(Theol))--University of Pretoria, 2013. / Practical Theology / unrestricted

The church is often seen as a place where people go to seek love, peace, and acceptance. Increasingly, there are occasions where these needs are not being met. Mansfield (2012) used the term “Ecclesia exitus ...the decision to permanently question one’s faith, trust in the church leadership and/or withdraw from a congregation you had considered to be your ‘church home,” to describe the experience of Church Hurt. This study seeks to describe the experience of those who have undergone church hurt. Abraham Maslow in his seminal 1943 paper A Theory of Human Motivation and his subsequent book, Motivation and Personality, posited a hierarchy of human needs that motivated human behavior, in conjunction with Social Constructionism, shall provide a theoretical framework(s) for the study. Phenomenological analysis as outlined by Moustakas (1994) was the methodology utilized, given its focus on capturing the subjective meanings and perspective of the research, participants lived experience(s). The study interviewed fourteen (14) respondents, eight (8) females, and six (6) males, derived by purposive and snowball sampling methods. To attain in-depth, “thick descriptions,” semi-structured interviews, ranging in duration from forty minutes to an hour, were conducted, over a month long period. Four (4) themes were unearthed, Sanctity of the Church, Sense of Loss, Transformative and the Ineptitude/Ignorance in the Resolution of Conflict. The study shall provide survivors of church hurt experience a voice, and church administrator more sensitive and effective conflict management strategies to handle the church hurt experience, ultimately resulting in a more fulfilling ecclesiastical experience.

En prenant appui sur quatre années d'expérimentations artistiques et théâtrales (2014-2018) dans la ville de Nice et le département des Alpes-Maritimes, cette thèse tente de rendre compte de la démarche intellectuelle et des processus mis en œuvre dans une création post-contemporaine. Elle donne à voir la particularité des expériences de l’artiste Laura Hurt qui est à la fois auteur, metteur en scène et chercheur-praticien-reflexif dans le cadre de cette thèse de création. Dans un va-et-vient de la théorie à la pratique et inversement, nous avons essayé de mettre en avant comment un parcours personnel chaotique et une solide formation artistique amènent à de nouvelles pistes de travail, en mettant notamment le public au cœur de toutes démarches artistiques, la question de la centralité du public dans une œuvre théâtrale constituant une donnée principale, capitale même, dans l'élaboration d'un spectacle afin d’aller dans la continuité du « théâtre pour tous », du « théâtre pauvre » ou encore du « théâtre élitaire pour tous » afin de découvrir comment aujourd’hui, l'acte de création peut mettre en avant des notions comme la fraternité et la concorde universelle par une attention particulière vis-à-vis du public et notamment celui qui a peu accès à l'art, le public dit « empêché ». Cette thèse analyse par une méthode heuristique l'en-dedans et l'en-dehors de la représentation scénique, et montre que l’interdisciplinaire, le performatif et l'acte poétique permettent une nouvelle liberté pour se rapprocher du public et effacent tout ce qui nous sépare, pour mieux retrouver ce qui nous rassemble. Cette thèse découle d'une volonté de théoriser, d'analyser, de décrypter, d'expliquer, de découvrir a posteriori les actes engagés dans une démarche artistique et de faire émerger le savoir muet, discret, intime, de la genèse épistémologique de l'artiste dans son acte créateur. / Drawing upon four years of artistic and theatrical experimentation (2014-2018) in the city of Nice and the department of Alpes-Maritimes, this thesis attempts to take account of the intellectual approach and processes involved in a post-contemporary creation. It reveals the particular nature of the experience of the artist Laura Hurt, who is both producer and researcher-practitioner-thinker in the framework of this thesis on creativity. Moving freely between theory and practice, we have tried to put forward how a chaotic personal journey and a solid artistic training lead to new ways of working, notably placing the public at the heart of all artistic approaches and whenever the question of the public’s central role in theatre might be of primary, even essential pertinence in the putting on of a spectacle aiming to continue the art of ‘theatre for all’, ‘poor or minimal theatre’ or even ‘elite theatre for everyone’, thereby discovering how, today, the creative act may promote notions such as fraternity and universal concord by paying special attention to the public and particularly that public having little access to art, the so-called handicapped public. This thesis analyses via its heuristic model the inner world and outer world of stage performance, and reveals how the interdisciplinary, the performative and the poetic act allow for a new freedom to draw closer to the public, erasing all that separates, so as to better reclaim what we share. The thesis derives from a desire to theorise, analyse, decode, explain and discover a posteriori those acts involved in an artistic approach, and to bring to light the intimate, discreet, unsaid knowledge of the artist’s epistemological genesis in her creative gesture.

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Studiens syfte är att belysa och undersöka hur förskolepersonal upplever att barns mående och beteende påverkas när de växer upp under missförhållanden i hemmet. Vi vill undersöka på vilket sätt personalen på förskolan uppmärksammar barnets mående och beteende. Studiens frågeställningar fokuserar på hur förskolepersonalen uppmärksammar barnets mående. De teorier som används i studien är Bronfenbrenners utvecklingsekologiska teori samt Anknytningsteorin som utvecklades av John Bowlby och Broberg som förklarar vilka anknytningsmönster barn utvecklar. Resultatet av studien har påvisat att barn som växer upp under missförhållanden i hemmet uttrycker särskilda beteenden och måenden på förskolan. För att besvara syftet och frågeställningen gjordes sex semistrukturerade intervjuer med sex informanter som arbetar på förskola i Malmö och två andra närliggande kommuner.  Det resultatet som belyses är att personal på förskolan uppmärksammar olika signaler hos barnet som kan vara tecken på att barnet far illa i hemmet samt hur barnet utvecklas. Förskollärare kan bidra till att ett barn får stöd och hjälp utifrån att personalen uppmärksammar barnets beteende och kan göra en orosanmälan som kan leda till att barnet får stöd och hjälp. Resultatet belyser även att personal på förskolan upplever att det är svårt när en ska göra en orosanmälan på grund av att det är svårt att avgöra om barnet far illa och vilka konsekvenser det får om de väljer att genomföra en orosanmälan eller inte. / The purpose of this study is to highlight and investigate how preschool staff experience how children's attitude and behavior are affected when they grow up under abusive conditions at home. We want to investigate how the teachers at the preschool pay attention to the child's attitude and behavior. The study's questions focus on how the preschool staff pay attention to the child's well-being. The theories used in the study are Bronfenbrenner's developmental ecology theory and the attachment theory developed by John Bowlby and Broberg which explains which attachment patterns children develop. The results of the study have shown that children who grow up under abusive conditions at home are shown through certain behaviors and attitudes at the preschool. To answer the purpose and the question, six semi-structured interviews were conducted with six informants who work at preschools in Malmö, Svedala and Trelleborg. The result that is highlighted is that staff at the preschool pay attention to various signals in the child that may be signs that the child live under abusive conditions at home and are at risk för adverse growth. Preschool teachers can contribute to a child receiving support and help based on the staff paying attention to the child's behavior. They can make a report of concern that can result in the child receiving support and help. The results also highlight that staff at the preschool experience that it is difficult to know when to make a report of concern because it is difficult to determine if the child is in danger.