Thesis: Food law in the Czech Republic before and after joining the European Union This thesis deals with the comparison of food legislation in the Czech Republic before and after joining the European Union, while it predominantly focuses on the area of food safety and food hygiene, as well as on the institutional backup. The aim of this thesis is to provide an introduction to food legislation, its concepts, legal sources and basic principles and subsequently to perform a comparison of the most important changes in the respective areas in the Czech Republic before and after joining the European Union. In its conclusion, the thesis evaluates the overall impact of the identified changes, especially with regards to the level and quality of the system securing food safety and food hygiene in the Czech Republic after joining the European Union.

Master thesis is dealing with the influence of sport activity at burnout among nurses working in intensive care and resuscitation. The thesis is divided into the theoretical and the empirical part. In the theoretical part we deal with burnout, its risk factors, symptoms and preventive measures. Other chapters are devoted to sports, primarily focused on the influence of sports activities on psychological stress and burnout. We also describe the possibilities of introducing sport activities to the workplaces. The main goal of our work is to determine whether there exists a relationship between sport activity and the risk of burnout. The research was carried out with the use of a quantitative questionnaire survey, which consisted of two parts. The first part contained questions related to burnout and was conducted using a validated MBI (Maslach Burnout Inventory) questionnaire. The second part contained questions related to the leisure sports activities of nurses. Within Všeobecná fakultní nemocnice in Prague, Malvazinky rehabilitation clinic, hospital Mělník, Tanvald, Sedlčany and Neratovice were distributed 298 questionnaires to the nurses working on the resuscitation or intensive care departments. The final testing sample consisted of 233 questionnaires (78% of surveyed nurses). It was found out...

Educational process focused on hygienic habits of Romany children The name of this thesis is: Educational process focused on hygienic habits of Romany children. This topic can seem a little controversial or bold to a lot of people. It actually is in certain circumstances. But we can consider it very useful and topíval at numerous minorities in our country, the Czech Republic. We focused on hygiene of Romany children from health aspekt. We set 5 goals in total and the relevant 5 research questions for this thesis. The first goal was to ascertain what the Citizen of Romany population under 15 years of age imagine under the koncept of {\clq}qhygiene``. The second goal was to ascertain who gave information on the way of performing hygiene to Romany persons under 15 years. The third goal was to ascretain the level of participation of the patente in care for hygiene of Romany children under 15 years. The fourth goal of our thesis was to ascertain how Romany citizens under 15 years perform hygiene. And as this thesis included also the application of individual educational plans in the area of hygiene to specific respondents, the last goal was to ascertain the change in hygienic care after the introduction of individual educational plan for persons of Romany nation under 15 years of age. Five reserch guestions were set on the base of the above stated goals. The first question was: What do the citizens of Romany population under 15 years of age imagien under the concept of {\clq}qhygiene``? The second question: Who gives information on the way of performing hygiene to Romany persons under 15 years? The third question: To Chat level do the parents participate in the hygiene of Romany children under 15 years? The fourth question: How do Romany citizens under 15 years perform personal hygiene? The fifth question: What change took place in hygienic care after the introduction of individua educational plan for persons of Romany nation under 15 years of age? The research was made in three stages. In the first stage, information on hygienic habits was collected with the help of non-standardized interview. In the second stage, individual educational plans on the topic of hygiene were created for and applied to selected respondents. In the third stage, control visit was paid in order to ascertain changes in hygienic care on the base of the implemented education. All goals were met and research questions answered. As is generally known, children are considered great luck in Romany families, and their number is severalfold higher as against Czech families. With regard to the fact that the Romany population ranks among the most numerous minorities in the Czech Republic, it was appropriate to ascertain the way of care for thein health, in which hygiene plays irreplaceable role

The importance of oral hygiene in the life of each person is irreplaceable and correct performance of oral hygiene has its significance in socio-economic position of each person. I set the goal of assessing the level of oral hygiene in a group of patients from the town of České Budějovice and surroundings in my work. I selected the quantitative research method with the help of questionnaires as the working method of my research work. The goal of my thesis was to assess the level of oral hygiene and also to assess the patients{\crq} approaches to this issue in relationship to their achieved level of education. I confirmed with my investigation that the level of education has influence on performance of oral hygiene; it has further influence on the awareness of the citizens with regard to the attitude to their oral health and on the assessment of their oral health in relationship to their current job and further on the relationship of oral hygiene and the level of life style and position in the society.

The main objective of this diploma thesis is to describe an awareness and level of oral hygiene of children of Romany ethnic group and subsequently optimize the care of oral cavity leading to the reduction in frequency of hanging apparatus illnesses. The other target of this thesis is a preparation of educational program that would motivate children to correct and regular dental hygiene. The thesis deals with history and characteristic of Romany ethnic group, issues of Romany children and low-threshold centre for children and youth in Český Krumlov. It also informs on periodontal diseases of oral cavity, tooth decay pathogenesis and subsequent prevention and therapy of tooth decay. The practical part is focused on awareness of Romany children of oral hygiene using a questionnaire method. Five main hypothesises were defined and subsequently verified by qualitative method, specifically by anonymous questionnaire investigation done at three subjects. Following the questionnaires evaluation, which was done by Microsoft Excel graphs, a verification of the defined hypothesises was done using a chi-test. An educational program developed for my bachelor thesis was also used in this part. The educational program was subsequently extended and training was done. Further to the education, the dental hygiene awareness of Romany children was improved by 27 %. The thesis is a theoretical instruction for practical mastering of oral cavity care and dental hygiene for each individual how tries to improve his dental health.

This thesis called The stress load in a specific job is divided into theoretical and empirical part. The theoretical part contains three main chapters. The first one describes the terms such as stress, mechanisms of stress reactions, prevention, mental hygiene, regime (way of living) in general. The second part related to the work stress describes the main stressors in a working environment and the impact of the stress on a job performance. The third part relates the job description of the employees in media company in relation to the stress and coping with stress. The empirical part is devoted to the research, which is conducted through a questionnaire survey. The questionnaire was developed on the base of expressed hypotheses and it is composed of the three sections: 1) causes of stress, 2) symptoms of stress, 3) strategies of coping stress. Collected data indicate the level of the stress-workers in the media company, the most common stressors and the way how to prevent the stress.

Abstract Hygiene plays a very important role in our lives. It is often influenced by social, cultural, family and individual factors, as well as by knowledge about health and hygiene. The skin of a child is very soft and sensitive, and therefore requires careful and considerate care throughout the whole period of childhood, especially in the neonatal period and infancy. Skin care of newborns and infants is an essential attribute of the child?s health care. Such care is an individual matter, and it will always depend on family circumstances in which the child lives and on a suitable and proper approach of parents and physicians. The aim of this thesis was to determine the level of knowledge of mothers and the use of such knowledge in skin care of newborns and infants at home. The second objective was to prepare educational material for mothers. The thesis makes use of the questionnaire method. For this purpose, 274 questionnaires were collected. The questionnaire was distributed to mothers of newborns and infants, who take care of their skin at home. The investigation was carried out at pediatrics in the South Bohemian and Pilsen regions. The results of the research are introduced using graphs and some of the results are statistically evaluated by a chi-square test. Two hypotheses were set. Hypothesis 1: Mothers have enough information regarding the skin care of newborns and infants at home. Hypothesis 2: Mothers correctly use the acquired information about skin care of newborns and infants. We were successful in answering both hypotheses in the research study. The analysis and evaluation of the questionnaires shows that mothers are knowledgeable in treating skin of their children in the neonatal period and infancy. However, we managed to prove that some information of the parents is inconsistent with the literature. Therefore an educational material for mothers was created, focusing on skin care of newborns and infants. This educational booklet may be used at pediatric wards.

Hygienic care is one of the most critical pillars of care for child´s health. Learning the right hygienic habits in childhood and keeping them throughout the lifetime is of vital importance for human health. Unfortunately, information about the hygiene of external genital of children is often inconsistent, both among the parents and healthcare workers. The thesis deals with the issue of treatment of external genital of children from birth to three years of age, while the main emphasis is put on education of mothers. The objective of the thesis was to determine, whether the nurses know their competences in treatment of the external genital in newborns, babies and toddlers and whether the nurses are able to apply the competences in full. The third objective of the thesis was to map the awareness of parents of how to treat external genital of children from birth to three years of age. Three hypotheses were established. The first hypothesis: Nurses know their competences in treatment of external genitals of newborns, babies and toddlers. The second hypothesis: Nurses, who know their competences in treatment of external genital of newborns, babies and toddlers, are unable to fully apply them. The third hypothesis: Parents of newborns, babies and toddlers do not have sufficient information about the proper hygienic treatment of external genital of their children. The quantitative research used two anonymous questionnaires, while one questionnaire was designed for nurses working with children from birth to 3 years of age. The other questionnaire was created and intended for mothers of children in the age category from birth to three years. The questionnaire research was performed on the territory of the South Bohemian region. The first hypothesis: ``Nurses know their competences in treatment of external genital of newborns, babies and toddlers.{\crq}q has been confirmed. The second hypothesis: ``Nurses, who know their competences in treatment of external genital of newborns, babies and toddlers in treatment of external genital of newborns, babies and toddlers, are unable to fully apply them.{\crq}q has been rebutted. The third hypothesis: ``Parents of newborns, babies and toddlers do not have sufficient information about the proper hygienic treatment of external genital of their children.{\crq}q has been confirmed. Based on those findings we have decided to develop an educational standard for nurses about the intimate hygiene of girls and boys from birth to three years of age and an educational material for treatment of external genital for parents of young children. We believe that the materials will improve the awareness of this issue and result in a better quality of care for children.

My diploma work deals with the relationship between the oral health condition of patients and their socio-economic status. The theoretical section of my work is focussed on stomatology and its division, oral cavity disorders and their treatment, prevention and prophylaxis, the distribution of teeth defects and their treatment. The practical section is based on a hypothesis. The objective of my paper consists in the evaluation of the impact of the socio-economic status of a person on his or her KPE index value. The hypothesis has been evaluated on the basis of a secondary analysis of data acquired from the case histories of patients attending a dental practice as well as on a questionnaire survey. The oral health evaluation has been supported by KPE index and the supplementary CPITN and API indexes. Goldthorp´s class diagram has been used for the purposes of the respondents´ socio-economic status evaluation. The status creating factors applied in my research have been the standard and level of education and professional training of a respondent, family income, his or her share in the power and decision sphere etc. It has been found that there is a correlation between a higher level of achieved education and professional training, a higher social status, a higher income on the one side and more favourable KPE index values as well as a better overall dental health on the other side. Primarily, the research presents the basis of my diploma work. It may also be published in a journal for stomatologists, nurses and dental hygienists. It is also aimed at internal use in the dental practice.

My thesis deals with hygienic knowledge monitoring of pupils at the age of 6 up to 10 years attending Hradská Elementary School in Humpolec. Further it is focused on pupil´s education related to the significance of observing hygienic rules and potential consequences which can result in case of their breach. In the end, after carrying out the education, I evaluated the pupils´ knowledge of the problems in question. The initial part of my thesis gives information about hygiene history, basic hygienic habits, selected infectious diseases of child age, these infections epidemiologic characteristic, diagnostics, clinical knowledge, precautionary measures and vaccination problems. This part was elaborated by using method of secondary data analysis. The quantitative research and lecture on the theme "Precaution of infectious disease with practising the right method of washing hands? were carried out in the second part of my thesis. The data acquired via two questionnaire inquiries are evaluated statistically by means of graphs. The acquired results are under discussion in the third part of my thesis. The pupils have basic knowledge of body care; they know which hygienic habits they should observe. Unfortunately they do not always do it. The necessity of hygienic rules observance is not preferred by children because they do not realize their importance. Children should improve their dental hygiene and method of washing hands. Observing hygiene is important in infectious diseases precaution and indisputably also because of everybody's feeling fine. In my opinion the education has an influence on improving the knowledge level in the field of hygienic habits and therefore its implementation makes sense. My thesis can be used as information material for work in the given field. Its results can be used to increase the children's knowledge level in personal hygiene.