Recentemente demonstrou-se o papel de células T produtoras de IL-17 na patogênese da esclerosa múltipla e de seu modelo, a EAE. Através da produção desta e de outras citocinas, a população chamada Th17 promove o rompimento da barreira hematoencefálica e a conseqüente infiltração de células patogênicas para dentro do SNC. Nesse contexto, em nosso trabalho utilizamos o fenômeno da tolerância oral para avaliar a capacidade deste em suprimir a resposta imune durante o modelo de EAE, mais especificamente as células Th17. Nossos dados demonstram uma diminuição de IL-17 tanto na periferia como no SNC dos animais tolerados. Além disso, detectamos menos CCL2 e IL-6 em células extraídas do CNS dia 10 pós-imunização. Não observarmos diferença na produção de IL-4,5,10, 13, IL-12p70, TNF-<font face=\"symbol\">a, e IFN-<font face=\"symbol\">g entre os grupos. Em suma, nossos resultados mostram que o fenômeno da tolerância oral é capaz de suprimir parâmetros de EAE devido a uma menor capacidade linfoproliferativa associada a uma supressão de células patogênicas Th17 tanto na periferia como no SNC. / It has recently been shown the role of IL-17 secreting cells on the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis and also in its model, EAE. Due to the secretion of this and other cytokines, the population so called Th17, promotes the disruption of the blood-brain barrier and the following infiltration of pathogenic cells into the CNS. In this context, in our work we used the oral tolerance phenomenon to evaluate its supressive capacity, more specifically over the Th17 cells. We showed that oral tolerated mice has a diminished production of IL-17 both in the periphery and in the CNS. Futhermore, we detected lower levels of CCL2 and IL-6 also from brain and spinal cord extracted mononucear cells at day 10th post-immunization. We were not able to detect differences on IL-4,5,10, 13, IL-12p70, TNF-<font face=\"symbol\">a, e IFN-<font face=\"symbol\">g between the groups. Thus, our results show that the oral tolerance phenomenon suppresses EAE findings, mainly due to a lower lymphoprolipherative response associated to a supression over the expansion of Th17 pathogenic T cells both in the periphery and inside the CNS.

Submitted by Cristiane Chim (cristiane.chim@ucpel.edu.br) on 2018-05-03T12:31:50Z No. of bitstreams: 1 JACQUELINE FLORES DE OLIVEIRA 2018.pdf: 1047235 bytes, checksum: aa5d647bf60bee68ec295537b66e13f6 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-03T12:31:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JACQUELINE FLORES DE OLIVEIRA 2018.pdf: 1047235 bytes, checksum: aa5d647bf60bee68ec295537b66e13f6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-01-04 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq# / #-2555911436985713659# / #600 / Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric disorder with a prevalence of 8% in the population throughout life. Recent studies have suggested that in PTSD there is the activation of the immune system with the increase of inflammatory mediators, being able to influence the affective behavior and development of comorbidities. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the serum levels of interleukins IL-6 and IL-10 in individuals with PTSD in a population-based sample. This is a case-control study, nested in a populationbased cross-sectional study involving 82 individuals aged 18-35 years living in the urban area of the city of Pelotas / RS. All individuals diagnosed with PTSD were selected, who were not diagnosed with major depressive disorder (MDD), did not report use of psychiatric and anti-inflammatory medications, constituting a group of 41 individuals. Of these, 41 other individuals with the same clinical characteristics of the previous group, differentiated only because they did not have PTSD diagnosis, were matched by sex and age, constituting a control group. Data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire with sociodemographic questions and psychoactive substance use. The Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview was used for the diagnosis of PTSD and MDD. After the interview, 10 mL of blood was collected. Serum levels of IL-6 and IL10 were measured by the ELISA technique using commercial kits. The group of individuals with PTSD presented a statistically significant increase in the serum levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6 and anti-inflammatory IL-10 (p = 0.002) when compared to the control group. The results presented here suggest that individuals with PTSD may present an activation of the immune system and may be related to a neuroinflammatory process and the development of several clinical complications. / O transtorno de estresse pós-traumático (TEPT) é um transtorno psiquiátrico com uma prevalência de 8% na população ao longo da vida. Estudos recentes têm sugerido que no TEPT há a ativação do sistema imune com o aumento de mediadores inflamatórios, podendo influenciar no comportamento afetivo e desenvolvimento de comorbidades. Assim, este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar os níveis séricos das interleucinas IL-6 e IL-10 em indivíduos com TEPT em uma amostra de base populacional. Trata-se de um estudo de caso-controle aninhado a um estudo transversal de base populacional, envolvendo 82 indivíduos de 18 a 35 anos, residentes na zona urbana da cidade de Pelotas/RS. Foram selecionados todos os indivíduos diagnosticados com TEPT, os quais não foram diagnosticados com transtorno depressivo maior (TDM), não relataram uso de medicações psiquiátricas e anti-inflamatórias, constituindo um grupo de 41 indivíduos. Destes, outros 41 indivíduos com as mesmas características clínicas do grupo anterior, diferenciado apenas por não ter diagnóstico de TEPT, foram pareados por sexo e idade, constituindo um grupo controle. Os dados foram coletados através de um questionário autoaplicável com questões sociodemográficas e usos de substâncias psicoativas. Para o diagnóstico de TEPT e TDM foi utilizado o Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Após a entrevista foram coletados 10 mL de sangue. Os níveis séricos de IL - 6 e IL-10 foram mensurados através da técnica de ELISA, utilizando kits comerciais. O grupo de indivíduos com TEPT apresentou um aumento estatisticamente significativo nos níveis séricos da citocina pró-inflamatória IL-6 e anti-inflamatória IL-10 (p=0.002) quando comparados ao grupo de indivíduos controle. Os resultados aqui apresentados sugerem que indivíduos com TEPT podem apresentar uma ativação do sistema imunológico, podendo estar relacionado com um processo a neuroinflamatório e o desenvolvimento de diversas complicações clínicas.

L'arthrite juvénile idiopathique (AJI) est une maladie rare chronique caractérisée par une inflammation persistante qui se manifeste par des douleurs articulaires, le gonflement des articulations et la limitation des mouvements articulaires. La fatigue et les douleurs entraînent une diminution de l'activité physique et une sédentarité accrue. Ce manque d'activité physique a pour conséquence une altération de la qualité de vie et une aggravation de la fatigue chronique, des troubles de l'humeur et des troubles métaboliques chez ces enfants. Les études sur les programmes d'exercices physiques montrent que l'exercice physique est bénéfique pour cette population. Mais les mécanismes d’action permettant de comprendre comment elle améliore la qualité de vie et la santé de l'enfant atteint d'arthrite juvénile idiopathique sont encore mal connus. Notre objectif était d’explorer la réponse physiologique à l’exercice des enfants et adolescents atteints d’arthrites juvéniles idiopathiques. Nous nous sommes intéressés principalement au métabolisme énergétique à l’exercice et à la fonction musculaire chez ces enfants. Nous avons étudié l’impact de la pathologie, des traitements par anti-TNF-α et de l’activité de la maladie sur ce métabolisme. Ensuite, nous avons étudié la sécrétion induite par l’exercice des myokines telles que l’IL-6 et les calgranulines en post exercice immédiat et dans les 24h suivant l’exercice. / Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a rare chronic inflammatory disease characterized by persistent inflammation that is manifested by joint pain, swelling of the joints and limitation of range of motion. Fatigue and pain are the most frequent complaints in patients with JIA, lead to a decline in physical activity and a sedentary lifestyle of these children. This lack of physical activity results in impaired quality of life and worsening of chronic fatigue, mood disorders and metabolic disorders in these children. Studies of exercise programs show that exercise is beneficial for this population. But the mechanisms of action to understand how it improves the quality of life and health of children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis are still poorly understood. Our aim was to explore the physiological response to exercise in children and adolescents with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. We focused primarily on energy metabolism to exercise and muscle function in these children. We looked at the impact of the pathology, anti-TNF-α treatments and the activity of the disease on this metabolism. Next, we adressed the exercise-induced secretion of myokines such as IL-6 and calgranulins in immediate post exercise and within 24 hours after exercise.

Recentemente demonstrou-se o papel de células T produtoras de IL-17 na patogênese da esclerosa múltipla e de seu modelo, a EAE. Através da produção desta e de outras citocinas, a população chamada Th17 promove o rompimento da barreira hematoencefálica e a conseqüente infiltração de células patogênicas para dentro do SNC. Nesse contexto, em nosso trabalho utilizamos o fenômeno da tolerância oral para avaliar a capacidade deste em suprimir a resposta imune durante o modelo de EAE, mais especificamente as células Th17. Nossos dados demonstram uma diminuição de IL-17 tanto na periferia como no SNC dos animais tolerados. Além disso, detectamos menos CCL2 e IL-6 em células extraídas do CNS dia 10 pós-imunização. Não observarmos diferença na produção de IL-4,5,10, 13, IL-12p70, TNF-<font face=\"symbol\">a, e IFN-<font face=\"symbol\">g entre os grupos. Em suma, nossos resultados mostram que o fenômeno da tolerância oral é capaz de suprimir parâmetros de EAE devido a uma menor capacidade linfoproliferativa associada a uma supressão de células patogênicas Th17 tanto na periferia como no SNC. / It has recently been shown the role of IL-17 secreting cells on the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis and also in its model, EAE. Due to the secretion of this and other cytokines, the population so called Th17, promotes the disruption of the blood-brain barrier and the following infiltration of pathogenic cells into the CNS. In this context, in our work we used the oral tolerance phenomenon to evaluate its supressive capacity, more specifically over the Th17 cells. We showed that oral tolerated mice has a diminished production of IL-17 both in the periphery and in the CNS. Futhermore, we detected lower levels of CCL2 and IL-6 also from brain and spinal cord extracted mononucear cells at day 10th post-immunization. We were not able to detect differences on IL-4,5,10, 13, IL-12p70, TNF-<font face=\"symbol\">a, e IFN-<font face=\"symbol\">g between the groups. Thus, our results show that the oral tolerance phenomenon suppresses EAE findings, mainly due to a lower lymphoprolipherative response associated to a supression over the expansion of Th17 pathogenic T cells both in the periphery and inside the CNS.

CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / A interleucina-6 (IL-6) à uma importante citocina que exerce papel fundamental na imunopatogÃnese de diversas doenÃas infecciosas. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar o nÃvel de produÃÃo sistÃmica de IL-6 e aferir o papel funcional do polimorfismo -174 G>C do gene dessa citocina em indivÃduos diagnosticados como portadores de infecÃÃo latente pelo Mycobacterium tuberculosis (ILTB). Para controle, foram utilizados dois grupos de comparaÃÃo: um deles composto por portadores de tuberculose pulmonar ativa (TB) e o outro formado por indivÃduos saudÃveis, doadores de sangue. O grupo ILTB foi composto por 15 indivÃduos, selecionados dentre os contactantes de portadores de TB pulmonar ativa, atendidos no Hospital SÃo Josà de DoenÃas Infecciosas e no Centro de SaÃde da FamÃlia AnastÃcio MagalhÃes. O grupo TB foi formado por 38 pacientes com TB pulmonar ativa, procedentes do Hospital de Messejana, Hospital de Maracanaà e Hospital Geral Dr. CÃsar Cals. O grupo de indivÃduos saudÃveis contava com 63 doadores voluntÃrios de sangue do Centro de Hematologia e Hemoterapia do CearÃ. A dosagem sÃrica de IL-6 foi realizada por meio de um ensaio imunoenzimÃtico (ELISA), com kit especÃfico fornecido pela Invitrogen Corporation. Para purificaÃÃo do DNA, foi utilizado o kit GFX Genomic Blood DNA Purification, da GE Healthcare. O polimorfismo -174G&#61614;C do gene da IL â 6 foi tipificado pela tÃcnica de reaÃÃo em cadeia da polimerase (PCR), utilizando-se iniciadores de sequÃncia especÃfica (PCR-SSP) (One-Lambda). As medianas de concentraÃÃes sÃricas de IL-6 para os grupos ILTB, TB e saudÃveis foram de, respectivamente, 1,7 pg/mL, 4,3 pg/mL e 0,5 pg/mL (p < 0,0001). Nos trÃs grupos estudados, o genÃtipo encontrado com maior frequÃncia foi o G/G [ILTB = (80%); TB = (58,9%); saudÃveis = (62,8%)]. Em conclusÃo, podemos inferir que a IL-6 deve desempenhar um papel importante na manutenÃÃo do estado de latÃncia, haja vista que sua concentraÃÃo, nos indivÃduos com ILTB, foi 3,4 vezes maior que no grupo saudÃvel. Ademais, constatamos que, na populaÃÃo estudada, o polimorfismo -174G&#61614;C nÃo se mostrou funcional no Ãmbito da infecÃÃo latente pelo Mycobacterium tuberculosis. / Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is an important cytokine involved in the pathogenesis of multiple infectious diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the levels of IL-6 production and to correlate to the -174G>C polymorphism at the IL-6 gene in latent infection with M. tuberculosis (ILTB). As controls, two groups were used. One of them with active pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) patients and the other with healthy blood donors. ILTB group was composed by 15 individuals, selected among active pulmonary TB contacts seen at the Hospital SÃo Josà de DoenÃas Infecciosas and the Centro de SaÃde da FamÃlia AnastÃcio MagalhÃes. TB group had 38 patients with active pulmonary disease seen at the Hospital de Messejana, Hospital de Maracanaà and the Hospital Geral Dr. CÃsar Cals. The third group was composed by 63 healthy blood donors from the Centro de Hematologia e Hemoterapia do CearÃ. Serum levels of IL-6 were measured by an ELISA using specific kits from Invitrogen Corporation. For DNA purification a GFX Genomic Blood DNA Purification kit (GE Healthcare) was used. The -174G&#61614;C polymorphism was analyzed by a SSP-PCR method using One-Lambda kits. Median values of serum levels of IL-6 from ILTB, TB and healthy groups were, respectively, 1.7 pg/mL, 4.3 pg/mL and 0.5 pg/mL (p < 0.0001). For the three studied group, the most frequent genotype found was the G/G (ILTB = 80%; TB = 58.9%; saudÃveis = 62.8%). In conclusion, it is possible to consider that IL-6 should play an important role in the maintenance of latent infection state as its concentrations were 3.4 fold higher in ILTB group than that of healthy controls. Moreover, the -174G&#61614;C polymorpism was not functional in the ILTB group.

No description available.

The ability of the brain to change structurally and functionally with experience is called brain plasticity. High levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines impair normal memory formation and consolidation. To better understand the role of pro-inflammatory cytokines in learning, the contribution of the cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) to a motor skill learning task investigated. The Fmr1 Knockout (KO) mouse, an animal model of Fragile X Syndrome, has demonstrated impaired neural plasticity and learning. Fmr1 KO and control wild-type (WT) mice were trained on the dowel and flat beam runways to study motor skill learning and motor activity respectively. The cerebellum from the animals was examined for IL-6 protein using ELISA. No significant differences in the levels of IL-6 in the cerebellum of the Fmr1 KO and WT normal mice were found. The expression of IL-6 was not altered by the behavioural training. These results suggest lack of association between IL-6, and FMRP and motor skill learning. / October 2016

Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

Emerging evidence indicates that 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) and computed tomography (CT) are useful imaging modalities for evaluating tumor progression in transgenic mouse models of solid human cancers, but the potential of integrated FDG-PET/CT for assessing tumor development in genetically engineered mouse models of liquid human cancers - including neoplasms of immunoglobulin (Ig)-producing plasma cells - has not been established. Here we use a double-transgenic strain of laboratory mice, designated C.IL6Myc, that recapitulates key features of human plasma cell myeloma (a.k.a. multiple myeloma [MM]) to demonstrate that FDG-PET/CT affords a useful research tool for assessing plasma cell tumor (PCT) development in a serial, objective and, importantly, stage- and lesion-specific manner. Supported by serum biomarker analyses (Ig level, paraprotein) and histopathological findings in C.IL6Myc mice undergoing PCT development, the newly generated FDG-PET/CT data set demonstrates the potential of this imaging modality for preclinical basic and translational MM research. PET imaging of genetically engineered mice in which MM-like tumors arise predictably in an intact immunocompetent microenvironment may facilitate the design and testing of new approaches to the treatment and prevention of MM in humans.

It has been recently demonstrated that the cytokine interleukin (IL)-6 is unique among the so called