<p>This cross-sectional study investigated the use of health benefits in relation to the self-rated health of employees at two medium-sized industrial enterprises in Hälsingland. The method used to investigate this was through a self-designed questionnaire consisting 19 questions about health, lifestyle and health benefits at the workplace. A total of 100 questionnaires were distributed in the two companies, hence 50 surveys at each workplace. The response rate was measured to 88 % and 74 %, which means a loss of 6 persons and 13 persons. The results showed that Company nr 1 offers its employees a health benefits consisting of free access to gym in the company premises after working hours and financial contributions to training-cards. These benefits are used regularly by 29% of respondents. Company nr 2 currently offered no health benefits for their employees. The results also showed that 66% of the respondents at Company nr 1 rated their physical health as <em>Excellent</em> or <em>Good</em> and 79% consider their mental health as <em>Excellent</em> or <em>Good</em>. At Company nr 2, 65 % of the participants responded that they consider their physical health as Excellent or Good and 84% consider their mental health as <em>Excellent</em> or <em>Good</em>. The study also found that more than half of the participants in the two companies had a BMI (Body Mass Index) greater than 26. The conclusion from this is that the health benefits offered at Company nr 1 is used sparingly and that more than half of the participants at both companies consider their physical and mental health as <em>Excellent</em> or <em>Good</em>.</p>

This cross-sectional study investigated the use of health benefits in relation to the self-rated health of employees at two medium-sized industrial enterprises in Hälsingland. The method used to investigate this was through a self-designed questionnaire consisting 19 questions about health, lifestyle and health benefits at the workplace. A total of 100 questionnaires were distributed in the two companies, hence 50 surveys at each workplace. The response rate was measured to 88 % and 74 %, which means a loss of 6 persons and 13 persons. The results showed that Company nr 1 offers its employees a health benefits consisting of free access to gym in the company premises after working hours and financial contributions to training-cards. These benefits are used regularly by 29% of respondents. Company nr 2 currently offered no health benefits for their employees. The results also showed that 66% of the respondents at Company nr 1 rated their physical health as Excellent or Good and 79% consider their mental health as Excellent or Good. At Company nr 2, 65 % of the participants responded that they consider their physical health as Excellent or Good and 84% consider their mental health as Excellent or Good. The study also found that more than half of the participants in the two companies had a BMI (Body Mass Index) greater than 26. The conclusion from this is that the health benefits offered at Company nr 1 is used sparingly and that more than half of the participants at both companies consider their physical and mental health as Excellent or Good.

Baigiamajame magistro darbe nagrinėjama inovatyvių projektų vadyba pramonės įmonėse. Išnagrinėtos pagrindinės sąvokos, inovacijų įvairovė ir klasifikavimas, veiklos kompleksiškumas, inovatyvios veiklos projektavimo procesas, projektų tipologija ir jiems keliami kokybės reikalavimai. Taikant anketavimo metodą apklausti Lietuvos metalo apdirbimo sektoriaus vadovai. Nustatyta, kiek inovatyvių projektų vykdo jų įmonės, kokie įmonių ateities planai. Nustatyti pagrindiniai veiksniai, motyvuojantys ir ribojantys inovatyvių projektų plėtrą. Pagal anketų rezultatus atlikta koreliacinė regresinė analizė. Sukurtas inovatyvių projektų vadybos spartesnės plėtros Lietuvos pramonės įmonėse inicijavimo modelis. Darbą sudaro: teorinis inovatyvių projektų vadybos nagrinėjimas, inovatyvių projektų vadybos empiriniai tyrimai, gerinimo modelis, išvados, pasiūlymai, literatūros sąrašas ir priedai. / The study object of the final Master thesis is innovative project management in industrial enterprises. In first section the basic concepts of innovation diversity and classification, performance complexity, innovative business process design, project typology and the quality requirements for innovative projects were analyzed. Using the questionnaire method Lithuanian metalworking sector managers was surveyd. It was determined how many innovative projects carried out by the companies, what are their future plans in this sector. Key factors motivating and limiting the development of innovative projects were identified. According to survey results conducted correlation and regression analysis. Model of improvement for innovative project management wider application in Lithuanian metalworking sector was created. The work consists of a theoretical examination of innovative project management, innovative project management empirical studies, improvement model, conclusions, recommendations, references and appendices.

Работа посвящена совершенствованию ресурсного обеспечения инновационной деятельности промышленных предприятий в целях повышения инновационного потенциала. Представлен обзор существующих теоретических взглядов и практического опыта российских и зарубежных крупных промышленных предприятий в сфере организации инновационной деятельности. Предложена обобщенная классификация инновационных ресурсов. Проанализирована динамика распределения затрат между покупкой интеллектуальной собственности, мотивированием сотрудников к инновационной деятельности и формированием сильных информационных связей. Предложена система мотивирования сотрудников в инновационном управлении промышленных предприятий. Разработана методика определения уровня восприимчивости сотрудников к инновациям. Предложена анкета выявления “силы” внутренних информационных связей предприятия между сотрудниками низкого звена с сотрудниками высшего звена. Представлены результаты апробации предложенных методик на промышленном предприятии. / The work is devoted to the improvement of resource provision of innovative activity of industrial enterprises to enhance innovation capacity. An overview of the existing theoretical views and practical experience of Russian and foreign industrial enterprises in the innovative activity is presented. The generalized classification of innovative resources is offered. The dynamics of the allocation of costs between purchase of intellectual property rights, motivating employees to innovate and the formation of strong information links is analyzed. The system of motivation of employees in the innovation management of industrial enterprises is proposed. The technique of determining the level of susceptibility of employees to innovate is devised. The form of identifying “forces” the internal relations of the enterprise information among employees low level employees and top executives is proposed. The results of testing the proposed techniques in an industrial plant are presented.

Оценка эффективности организационной структуры малых промышленных предприятий позволяет своевременно использовать возможности и нивелировать угрозы факторов внешней среды, путем рационального распределения ответственности и полномочий. Целью магистерской диссертации является разработка методического подхода по оценке эффективности организационных структур малых промышленных предприятий. Объектом исследования выступает организационная структура на малом промышленном предприятии в современных условиях хозяйственной деятельности. В качестве источников использовалась научно-исследовательская и методическая литература, нормативно-правовые акты и финансовая отчетность организаций в открытом доступе. В магистерской диссертации был предложен методический подход к оценке эффективности организационной структуры малых промышленных предприятий с разделением на центры затрат и центры прибыли. / Evaluation of the effectiveness of the organizational structure of small industrial enterprises allows you to use the opportunities in a timely manner and neutralize the threats of environmental factors, through the rational distribution of responsibility and authority. The aim of the master's thesis is to develop a methodological approach to assess the effectiveness of the organizational structures of small industrial enterprises. The object of the research is the organizational structure of a small industrial enterprise in modern conditions of economic activity. The sources used were scientific research and methodological literature, regulations and financial statements of organizations in the public domain. The master's thesis proposed a methodological approach to assessing the effectiveness of the organizational structure of small industrial enterprises with division into cost centers and profit centers.

Целью работы является исследование повышения эффективности труда сотрудников промышленного предприятия с учетом влияния когнитивных искажений. Для этого был разработан методический подход, в основу которого положен учет когнитивных искажений, включающий в себя классификацию групп рабочих по уровню когнитивных искажений и эффективности труда, а также комплекс мероприятий, направленных на нивелирование влияния когнитивных искажений, что позволит снизить воздействие когнитивных искажений и достигнуть более высоких показателей эффективности труда на промышленном предприятии. / The aim of the work is to study the improvement of the labor efficiency of employees of an industrial enterprise, taking into account the influence of cognitive distortions. For this purpose, a methodical approach was developed, which is based on the account of cognitive distortions, including the classification of groups of workers by the level of cognitive distortions and labor efficiency, as well as a set of measures aimed at leveling the influence of cognitive distortions, which will reduce the impact of cognitive distortions and achieve higher labor efficiency indicators at an industrial enterprise.

O principal objetivo desta pesquisa foi descrever e analisar o desenvolvimento sustentável nos micro e pequenos empreendimentos para compreender suas ações representado pelos empreendedores e ou responsáveis nas empresas. Foram realizados oito estudos de casos em micro e pequenos empreendimentos industriais do setor têxtil e da confecção no município de São Paulo. Nesta tese, valendo-se da abordagem do tripé da sustentabilidade desenvolvido por Gro Brundtlad Triple Bottom Line, partiu-se do pressuposto que o desenvolvimento sustentável, requer uma articulação entre as ciências humanas e naturais, adequando-se as estruturas industriais aos custos e a legislação. Assim, o propósito principal desta pesquisa foi identificar a relações entre os custos para implantação de programas sustentáveis e o conhecimento da legislação inerente ao negócio. O referencial teórico desta pesquisa compreende um resgate da evolução do conceito sustentável e como nele se insere a abordagem econômica, social e do meio ambiente. Incluem-se ainda, aspectos ligados à ciência geográfica e como cada uma das áreas envolvidas se articula nos aspectos físicos e humanos. Como pesquisa inicial, verificou-se o estado atual do desenvolvimento sustentável nas organizações, comparando-se com preceitos teóricos que envolvem o desenvolvimento sustentável na abordagem da gestão estratégica. Na sequência, foram levantados aspectos específicos relacionados à sustentabilidade, à responsabilidade social e ao espaço geográfico. Para a coleta de dados, foram realizadas entrevistas com representantes de cada empresa ligados aos programas sustentáveis. Os resultados apontam para uma confirmação parcial das hipóteses de pesquisa. A partir da análise descritiva verificou-se que os custos estão vinculados a adoção de programas sustentáveis nas empresas. Identificou-se também que o conhecimento da legislação não possui associação com a não adoção de programas sustentáveis nas empresas pesquisadas. As principais conclusões apontam para a necessidade de um suporte específico aos micro e pequenos empreendimentos industriais enquanto os mesmos não alcançarem um estágio mínimo para o desenvolvimento de programas ligados ao desenvolvimento sustentável. Ao mesmo tempo, os órgãos de apoio devem estar mais próximos às empresas, e devem desenvolver ações orientadora e específica, apesar do apoio e proximidade dos serviços disponíveis às micro e pequenas empresas industriais e verificar se eles necessitam de uma preparação mais ampla para implantação dos programas. / The main objective of this research is to describe and analyze the sustainable development in micro and small enterprises and understand their approaches represented by the entrepreneurs and owners. Eight case studies were held with the micro and small industrial enterprises in the textile and clothing sector in São Paulo. Making use of Gro Brundtlads Triple Bottom Line, it is known that the sustainable development requires a link between the human and natural sciences to adapt the industrial structures to the costs and also to the legislation. So the main purpose of this research is to identify the connection between the costs of implementing sustainable programs and knowledge of the law in business. The theoretical framework of this research comprises a recovery of the sustainable development concept and how it works into the economic, social and environmental approach. It includes further aspects of geographic science and how each of the areas involved are articulated in physical and human aspects. As an initial study, the current state of the sustainable development in organizations was verified and compared with theoretical rules comprising the sustainable development in the approach to strategic management. Specific aspects related to sustainability, social responsibility and geographic space were held. For data collection, interviews were conducted with the representatives from each company linked to sustainable programs. The results show a partial confirmation of the research hypotheses. Due to the descriptive analysis it was found that the costs are tied to the use of the sustainable programs in the companies. It was also identified that the knowledge of the law does not have association with the non-use of sustainable programs in the surveyed companies. The main findings show a the need for specific support to micro and small industrial enterprises as they do not reach a minimum stage for the development of the programs related to sustainable development. At the same time, the support agencies should be closer to the companies, and should develop specific guiding actions, despite the support and closeness of services available to micro and small industrial companies and check if they need a broader preparation to implement the programs.

O principal objetivo desta pesquisa foi descrever e analisar o desenvolvimento sustentável nos micro e pequenos empreendimentos para compreender suas ações representado pelos empreendedores e ou responsáveis nas empresas. Foram realizados oito estudos de casos em micro e pequenos empreendimentos industriais do setor têxtil e da confecção no município de São Paulo. Nesta tese, valendo-se da abordagem do tripé da sustentabilidade desenvolvido por Gro Brundtlad Triple Bottom Line, partiu-se do pressuposto que o desenvolvimento sustentável, requer uma articulação entre as ciências humanas e naturais, adequando-se as estruturas industriais aos custos e a legislação. Assim, o propósito principal desta pesquisa foi identificar a relações entre os custos para implantação de programas sustentáveis e o conhecimento da legislação inerente ao negócio. O referencial teórico desta pesquisa compreende um resgate da evolução do conceito sustentável e como nele se insere a abordagem econômica, social e do meio ambiente. Incluem-se ainda, aspectos ligados à ciência geográfica e como cada uma das áreas envolvidas se articula nos aspectos físicos e humanos. Como pesquisa inicial, verificou-se o estado atual do desenvolvimento sustentável nas organizações, comparando-se com preceitos teóricos que envolvem o desenvolvimento sustentável na abordagem da gestão estratégica. Na sequência, foram levantados aspectos específicos relacionados à sustentabilidade, à responsabilidade social e ao espaço geográfico. Para a coleta de dados, foram realizadas entrevistas com representantes de cada empresa ligados aos programas sustentáveis. Os resultados apontam para uma confirmação parcial das hipóteses de pesquisa. A partir da análise descritiva verificou-se que os custos estão vinculados a adoção de programas sustentáveis nas empresas. Identificou-se também que o conhecimento da legislação não possui associação com a não adoção de programas sustentáveis nas empresas pesquisadas. As principais conclusões apontam para a necessidade de um suporte específico aos micro e pequenos empreendimentos industriais enquanto os mesmos não alcançarem um estágio mínimo para o desenvolvimento de programas ligados ao desenvolvimento sustentável. Ao mesmo tempo, os órgãos de apoio devem estar mais próximos às empresas, e devem desenvolver ações orientadora e específica, apesar do apoio e proximidade dos serviços disponíveis às micro e pequenas empresas industriais e verificar se eles necessitam de uma preparação mais ampla para implantação dos programas. / The main objective of this research is to describe and analyze the sustainable development in micro and small enterprises and understand their approaches represented by the entrepreneurs and owners. Eight case studies were held with the micro and small industrial enterprises in the textile and clothing sector in São Paulo. Making use of Gro Brundtlads Triple Bottom Line, it is known that the sustainable development requires a link between the human and natural sciences to adapt the industrial structures to the costs and also to the legislation. So the main purpose of this research is to identify the connection between the costs of implementing sustainable programs and knowledge of the law in business. The theoretical framework of this research comprises a recovery of the sustainable development concept and how it works into the economic, social and environmental approach. It includes further aspects of geographic science and how each of the areas involved are articulated in physical and human aspects. As an initial study, the current state of the sustainable development in organizations was verified and compared with theoretical rules comprising the sustainable development in the approach to strategic management. Specific aspects related to sustainability, social responsibility and geographic space were held. For data collection, interviews were conducted with the representatives from each company linked to sustainable programs. The results show a partial confirmation of the research hypotheses. Due to the descriptive analysis it was found that the costs are tied to the use of the sustainable programs in the companies. It was also identified that the knowledge of the law does not have association with the non-use of sustainable programs in the surveyed companies. The main findings show a the need for specific support to micro and small industrial enterprises as they do not reach a minimum stage for the development of the programs related to sustainable development. At the same time, the support agencies should be closer to the companies, and should develop specific guiding actions, despite the support and closeness of services available to micro and small industrial companies and check if they need a broader preparation to implement the programs.

The dissertation focuses on specifying a broader theoretical background for the implementation of leadership concepts in human resources management and on empirical identification and description of approaches that enable HR managers to recognize and develop desirable personality characteristics of a successful leader. In the surveyed area, a preliminary research was conducted on a sample of 22 HR managers. Subsequent primary research was carried out by combining a qualitative and quantitative research approach. A qualitative survey was conducted among 75 leaders, a quantitative survey was conducted on a sample of 75 leaders and 128 followers, from medium-sized industrial enterprises on the territory of South-Moravian region, in the period 3-6/2018 via a modified GLOBE questionnaire. Qualitative data were processed by content analysis. The processing of quantitative data through factor analysis has made it possible to identify the factors whose components support the success of the leader. Through the testing of statistical hypotheses, the dependence of the perceived behaviour of the leader on the satisfaction of his followers was verified. The main scientific goal is to propose a model for the development of leaders in industrial enterprises using the methods used in the concept of HRM. In order to achieve this goal, the desired concept of leadership in industrial enterprises established in the Czech Republic was identified. Based on the analysed facts, important components of the leader's personality and desirable styles of leadership of medium-sized industrial companies were identified. Team-oriented leadership style, formal style and charismatic leadership style are most desirable. Behaviour that has confirmed a positive impact on year-on-year satisfaction of subordinates is a stimulating, team-oriented, leader is an effective negotiator, dynamic, perfectionist, enthusiast, integrating, coordinator and to some extent also bureaucratic. The followers mention that their leader should be trustworthy, fair, team-oriented, diplomatic, and cooperative. Contrary to the current situation, the followers would especially welcome if the leadership behaviour was more team oriented. The grouping of the statistically significant components of the leader's personality enabled the creation of individual competence areas, whose description defined the personality profile of the leader of a medium-sized industrial company. At the same time, human resource management methods, which can influence and develop the competences defined in this area have been identified. The contribution of the dissertation consists mainly in the identification of individual components of competencies that can be developed through human resources management tools and thus develop the personality and leadership style of the middle-sized industrial company leader. The benefits of the proposed model can also be seen in terms of its use in identifying whether the leader's personality profile is in line with the expectations of his followers and in line with the leadership style, that is identified as appropriate in a medium-sized industrial environment.

Энергоэффективность в современных условиях становится одним из стратегических факторов успеха промышленных предприятий, внося вклад как в сокращение операционных издержек и рациональное использование всех источников энергии, так и в повышение экологических показателей производства. Основой энергоменеджмента на предприятии является разработка энергетической стратегии предприятия и построение на ее основе системы планирования, организации и контроля энергоэффективности. Включение в состав подобной стратегии подходов к управлению человеческим капиталом как совокупностью знаний, умений и навыков в области энергоэффективного производства, подкрепленных системой материальной и нематериальной мотивации, становится одной из приоритетных задач в области управления промышленным предприятием. Системный подход к разработке и внедрению технологий энергосбережения стал одним из ключевых направлений развития энергоменеджмента на промышленных предприятиях. В настоящее время на стратегическом уровне управления он осуществляется за счет ряда международных стандартов, которые носят рекомендательный характер. Очевидно, что на большинстве современных промышленных предприятий внедрены элементы энергетической политики, формализованы основные элементы бизнес-процессов, относящихся к энергоменеджменту. Однако необходимо достичь понимания, что функционирование системы энергоменеджмента невозможно без инновационного подхода, суть которого заключается в использовании внутренних интеллектуальных ресурсов для запуска механизмов активизации отдельных бизнес-процессов, направленных на энергосбережение. Инновационный подход является логичным продолжением системного подхода, и рассматривается нами как важнейшая предпосылка развития человеческого капитала, который бы способствовал внедрению уникальных технических и управленческих решений для повышения энергетической эффективности. Условия внедрения стратегического энергоменеджмента остаются уникальными для каждого отдельного предприятия, однако, как показывает практика, они всегда связаны с развитием человеческих ресурсов и формированием индивидуальной ответственности в области энергосбережения. Выработка энергетической политики и формирование системы управления энергопотреблением являются основами стратегического энергоменеджмента на промышленном предприятии. Однако, как показывает практика управления, подходы к реализации энергоменеджмента могут осуществляться в точки зрения различных стратегий, среди которых ключевую роль играют инвестиционные стратегии. Они определяют масштабы инвестирования в сфере энергосбережения и совершенствования системы энергосбережения в целом, позволяют определить перспективные направления инвестирования и задать стандарты инвестиционной привлекательности проектов по энергосбережению. В настоящей диссертации предлагается и обосновывается уникальная для отечественного опыта концепция формирования энергоэффективного человеческого капитала, которая позволит более эффективно внедрять на промышленных предприятиях принципы стратегического энергоменеджмента на всех уровнях. Предложен инновационный подход, который позволит запустить механизмы стратегического энергоменеджмента на практике с максимальной эффективностью посредством формирования и развития энергоэффективного человеческого капитала, а также классификация мероприятий в области энергоменеджмента, по уровню их инвестиционной привлекательности и масштабам влияния на всю производственную систему. На основе классификации предлагаются инвестиционные стратегии различного типа, выбор которых позволит сформировать портфель проектов в области повышения энергоэффективности на стратегическом уровне. Применение предлагаемого инструментария осуществлено на примере одного их крупных российских металлургических предприятий – ОАО «Уралэлектромедь». По результатам оценки инвестиционных мероприятий дан анализ возможных путей расширения портфеля энергоэффективных проектов на предприятии. / Contributing to a reduction of operating costs and efficient use of all energy sources and improving the environmental performance of production, energy efficiency in modern conditions became a strategic success factor of the industrial enterprises. The strategic underpinning for energy management of the company concerns the development of energy strategy and development of business processes based on planning, organization and control of energy efficiency. The inclusion of strategic approaches to the management of human capital as a basis of knowledge and skills in energy-efficient technologies, enforced by a system of material and non-material motivation, is one of the priorities in management. A systematic approach to the development of energy-saving technologies has become one of the key areas of energy management in industrial enterprises. Currently, at the strategic level of management it is carried out by a number of international standards, which are advisory in nature. It is obvious that in most modern industrial enterprises elements of energy policy are introduced and basic elements of business processes relating to energy management are formalized. However, we deduce that the functioning of the energy management system is not possible without an innovative approach, the essence of which is the use of internal intellectual resources to trigger activation of specific business processes aimed at energy conservation. The innovative approach is a logical continuation of a systematic approach, and is viewed as an essential prerequisite for the development of human capital, which would promote the introduction of unique technical and management solutions to improve energy efficiency. Terms and conditions of the strategic energy management implementation are unique to each company, but in practice they are always linked to the development of human resources and the formation of individual responsibility in the field of energy efficiency. Development of energy policy and the formation of energy management systems are the pillars of the strategic energy management at the industrial enterprise. However, in practice management approaches to the implementation of energy management can be implemented in terms of the different strategies, including the key role played by investment strategies. They define the scope of investment in energy efficiency and improving energy-saving system as a whole, allowing to determine promising areas of investment and to set standards for the investment attractiveness of energy saving projects. In this dissertation we propose a concept of energy efficient human capital, which will more effectively implement the principles of strategic energy management at all levels of industrial enterprises. It is proposes an innovative approach that will run on the mechanisms of strategic energy management practices as efficiently as possible through the formation and development of energy-efficient human capital. And we propose a classification of activities in the field of energy management, the level of their investment attractiveness and scale effects on the entire production system. Based on the classification proposed investment strategies of different types, the choice of which will develop a portfolio of projects in the field of energy efficiency at a strategic level. The application of the instruments carried by the example of one of the major Russian steel companies - "Uralelectromed." The assessment of investment activities is given analysis of possible ways to expand the portfolio of energy efficiency projects in the enterprise.