Eine Herausforderung aus Industrie 4.0 ist die Produktion individueller Produkte in der Losgröße 1. Dabei denken wir zuerst an Fotobuch, die Cola mit einem Etikett, das unseren Namen trägt und viele weitere der inzwischen zahlreich angebotenen individualisierten Endprodukte. Dabei wird oft vergessen, dass für deren Herstellung Maschinen und Anlagen erforderlich sind, die selbst individuelle Produkte sind und nicht mehr kosten sollen als deren Pendants aus der Großserie. Um dies zu leisten, reicht es nicht aus, Daten in einer Cloud zu sammeln und auszuwerten oder das Förderband mit einem Internetanschluss zu versehen. Vielmehr bedarf es ganzheitlicher Konzepte, mit denen Produktionssysteme nachhaltig und individuell entwickelt werden können. Ein Lösungsansatz dazu ist die funktions- und objektorientierte Modularisierung, bei der die zu realisierenden Funktionen den gesamten Entwicklungs- und Konstruktionsprozess bestimmen. [... aus dem Text]

Orientador: Prof. Dr. Júlio Francisco Blumetti Facó / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do ABC, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia e Gestão da Inovação, 2017. / Dá-se o nome de Indústria 4.0 para a iniciativa alemã para o conjunto de inovações tecnológicas que propulsionaram o cenário mundial para a quarta revolução industrial, na qual o setor da Indústria de Máquinas e Equipamentos está diretamente inserido. Embora já exista uma ideia das inovações tecnológicas capazes de revolucionar esta Era, ainda não se sabe o impacto dessas transformações no setor industrial, principalmente no de máquinas e equipamentos. Outro ponto a ser dimensionado é a avaliação dos investimentos realizados em projetos de novas tecnologias, preferencialmente de forma flexível. Assim, esta dissertação examina tanto o cenário da Indústria 4.0 e seu impacto transformador no segmento industrial de Máquinas e Equipamentos, quanto aplica a Teoria das Opções Reais como ferramenta de análise de investimentos em projetos no contexto da Era digital, em um caso real de fabricação de rolamentos de grande porte. Conclui-se que a quarta revolução industrial terá grande impacto sobre o setor de máquinas e equipamentos no que diz respeito à aplicação de seus conceitos de fabricação inteligente e internet das coisas, entre outros. Para que a empresa possa se adequar e otimizar os recursos investidos, a metodologia utilizada das opções reais se mostrou eficiente na mitigação de riscos e flexibilização gerencial na tomada de decisão no estudo de caso apresentado. / Gives the name Industry 4.0 for a German initiative for the set of technological innovations that propose the world scenario for a fourth industrial revolution, in which the sector of the Machinery and Equipment Industry is directly inserted. Although there is no idea of technological innovations, there are no machines and equipment. Another point to be scaled and evaluation of investments made in new technology projects, preferably in a flexible way. Thus, this dissertation examines both the scenario of Industry 4.0 and its transformative impact without industrial segment of Machines and Equipment, however the Real Options Theory is applied as a tool to analyze investments in projects without context of the digital age, in one case actual manufacturing of large bearings. It is concluded that the fourth industrial revolution will have a great impact on the machinery and equipment sector with respect to the application of its concepts of intelligent manufacturing, internet of things, among others. With regard to human resources, the methodology used for operations is geared towards risk mitigation and managerial flexibility in decision making without a case study.

The thesis deals with the description of possibilities of using the Internet of Things in supply chain management and explores the use of the Internet of Things in the supply chain management among Czech companies. The theoretical part deals with the possibilities of using the Internet of Tings in the supply chain management as well as the developing standards and technologies, which make it possible to use these possibilities. The theoretical part further includes the challenges and risks of the Internet of Things that need to be dealt with when implementing it and the further anticipated development in this area. A survey based on the findings of the theoretical part of the thesis revealed the awareness of Czech businesses about the Internet of Things and how they plan to use it. The practical part of the thesis contains the evaluation of the hypotheses formulated on the basis of the results of this survey and discussion of the facts.

Der Work Space ist ein Teil eines vom BMBF-Projekt Lehrraum_digital initiierten Kommunikationsraums mit dem Ziel unterschiedliche Experten und Akteure in die Diskussion einzubeziehen. Thema sind digitalisierte Lehr- und Lernumgebungen im Kontext der Anforderungen durch die Industrie 4.0. Der Work Space bietet eine allen Teilnehmenden der GeNeMe offenstehende Feedback- und Beteiligungsmöglichkeit an der Diskussion zur Gestaltung digitaler Wissensräume und Lernwelten.

工業4.0目前僅注重在生產管理層面等原因型資訊之即時取得，但僅透過原因型資訊，往往不足以構成良好之決策。原因型資訊僅是因果關係中之因，例如：品質、時間、產能等。而良好之決策應該建構於完整之資訊，也就是同時獲得原因型與結果型之資訊，便能以較為全面之觀點評估，進而做出有效之決策。此所稱之結果型資訊為原因型資訊之成本。 　　因此，本研究以管理議題作為工業4.0與作業價值管理結合之方式，並擬定各管理議題之資訊，使工業4.0下之公司能夠即時獲得原因型與結果型之整合性資訊，以利其即時作出良好之管理決策。 / Industry 4.0 only puts emphasis on acquiring real-time cause information, which is the cause of the causality, e.g., quality, time, and capacity. However, the cause information is not sufficient for the managers to make good decisions. By obtaining complete information, i.e., cause and effect information, the decision-makers would have a comprehensive perspective to evaluate the situation and then make effective decisions. Therefore, this study adopts management issues to integrate Industry 4.0 and AVM, and defines information for a variety of management issues for the Industry 4.0 companies to access the complete information to make a better management decision immediately.

Die europäische Fertigungsindustrie steht vor großen Veränderungen, die durch die zunehmende Nachfrage der Kunden nach maßgeschneiderten und/oder intelligenten Produkten, Industrie 4.0 Lösungen und Öffnung der Produktionsketten für Newcomer getrieben werden sowie durch die Veränderung hin zu Wertschöpfungsketten, in denen die Rollen von Lieferanten, Herstellern und Einzelhändlern verschwimmen. Diese sich dynamisch wandelnde Umwelt erfordert eine Anpassungsfähigkeit der Mitarbeiter, Fertigungswerkzeuge und Prozesse. Neue IKT-basierte Lösungen erleichtern einen Paradigmenwechsel, der Fabrikarbeiter als zukünftige "Wissensarbeiter" in den intelligenten Fabriken sieht, welcher nicht nur durch die Einführung neuer Technologien in die Fabriken gelingen kann. Arbeitsabläufe müssen umgestaltet werden und neue Ansätze zur kontinuierlichen Weiterentwicklung sind erforderlich. Bei der Verschiebung der Arbeitsaufgaben hin zur Wissensarbeit müssen bei der Anpassung der Arbeitsumgebungen zunehmend die Unterschiede bei den kognitiven Fähigkeiten berücksichtigt werden. Das hier vorgestellte Forschungsprojekt Factory2Fit zielt darauf ab, die menschlich zentrierte Fertigung auf ein neues Niveau zu bringen, indem den Mitarbeitern eine führende Rolle bei der Anpassung und Entwicklung ihrer eigenen Aufgaben zukommt. Das Hauptziel des Projektes ist es, adaptive Automatisierungslösungen zu entwickeln und zu pilotieren, die den Arbeitsablauf verbessern, den Arbeitnehmer dabei unterstützen, seine Kompetenzen zu entwickeln und die Mitarbeiter dazu befähigen, Wissen zu teilen und sich an der Gestaltung ihrer eigenen Arbeit zu beteiligen. Das Projekt Factory2Fit wird von Horizon 2020 (H2020/2014-2020), dem Programm für Forschung und Innovation der Europäischen Union, unter der Zuwendungsvereinbarung Nr. 723277 gefördert.

The thesis reviews the current situation related to the Industry 4.0 and puts it into context. In the first part of the thesis, there is an introduction to the current economic situation and the major challenges. The concept and vision of Industry 4.0 is introduced together with the world's leading initiatives and examples of Industry 4.0 technologies in manufacturing processes presented by tech leaders. The thesis also includes examples of readiness models and simulated calculation ROCE. The finding of the thesis is that, although the very concept of Industry 4.0 is not well known, digitization and automation of production continues and both are considered a necessity. Interviews with experts from the business practice in the Czech Republic introduces key opportunities and challenges arising from new technologies and when they might become the new standard.

This thesis describes the implementation of a Digital Twin tied to Virtual Reality environment thatcould, by easy means be expanded to Augmented Reality-solution. The field is of interest due to thefact that movement into Industry 4.0 puts the traditional operator in a new seat of work. Previoushands-on tasks are replaced with system monitoring and supervision roles. New interconnectedindustrial hardware allows for extensive data collection, while interactive technology like VR/ARhelps monitoring live systems in completely new manners. An operator can overview and debugindustrial systems while not even being in close proximity of the physical system. This provides theopportunity to increase the level of system information presented to the operator. The Cyber PhysicalFactory created by Festo was targeted to be represented as a digital twin. The question asked: What arethe advantages and/or disadvantages of monitoring and troubleshooting a Festo CP-Factory by meansof a digital twin-driven visualization? proved to be extensive and the work included mapping ofimportant factory data and DRM-research to find visual improvements between the provided solutionsby Festo, and an implemented digital twin. The solution we produced focuses on overview anddebugging and it connects to OPC-servers on each mapped module of the Cyber Physical Factory andacquires the data. This data can then be used to expand, test and debug previous sessions. Each realimplementation of a factory has some type of logging of data, our solution allows visualization of thoselog entries as close to reality as possible, reducing the need to search databases for indications ofproblems. The Unity 3D created software also handles dynamic connections where the operator canmodify which nodes to connect to in an intuitive way, this enables our software to abstract and modifyinformation outside of the source code.

The study investigates potential of promising combination of Lean principles and Industry 4.0 tools in order to find a solution for control of manufacturing process. Firstly, each of the buzzwords is defined and their relation is explained. Then, rules which will facilitate implementation of I4.0 tools into Lean production are enumerated. Afterwards, situation at the shopfloor is observed and statistical analysis of production data is done to analyze current manufacturing process. Deep investigation revealed strong potential for improvement, which was the motive to elaborate a proposal for Lean automated process control.

This thesis deals with description and implementation of AAS module. This thesis describes the selection of individual components of device. This module will be a part of the testbed Barman project. This project is implemented in accordance with Industry 4.0 trends. Device will be work as reader of information and ingredients from NFC tags placed on a glass. With this information, parent cell can make decision which action will be done with glass. In this thesis, software for hardware operation with AAS module will be created and described. This program will further communicate with the parent program controlling the functionality of the cell itself.