Hebammen sind eine unerlässliche Hilfe und Unterstützung für die Betreuung und Beratung werdender Mütter und Väter. Seit 2008 haben die rapide steigenden Kosten für die Haftpflichtversicherungen deutschlandweit jede vierte Hebamme gezwungen, ihren Beruf aufzugeben. Welche Auswirkungen die Haftpflichtproblematik auf die Versorgungsstruktur mit ambulanter Geburtshilfe in Sachsen hat, ist der Staatsregierung bisher unbekannt. Damit sich auch in Zukunft jede Frau in Sachsen frei entscheiden kann, ob sie ihr Kind im Krankenhaus, im Geburtshaus oder zu Hause gebären möchte, brauchen Familien schnell konkrete Lösungen, wie die Hebammenversorgung in Sachsen gesichert werden kann.

Due to the Syrian crisis, several refugee camps were opened in Jordan in 2012 in order to deal with the increasing number of those feeling the conflict. Refugee Spaces whether camps or other urban informalities face the challenge of being in a status of “permanent temporariness” during which they develop into unexplored urban (city-like) formations through the social production of space. Taking the case of the Zaatari refugee camp, this research explores the process during which refugee camps turn into cities. More specifically, it questions how the interplay between human agency and structure produces space in the camp; eventually the city. Al-Souq, the main market street in Zaatari, is chosen to conduct the study, employing an explorative approach accompanied with narrative elements to understand actors’ own perspective. The collected data is analysed thematically and performatively to investigate the two former categories and the way they are drawn upon in producing space. The main findings denote a constructive exceptionality that facilitates space creation as well as a consequential inclusion of refugees in the camp. Furthermore, the occurring spatial construction of Al-Souq indicates that refugees are in fact active agents. Therefore, as indicated by both results, the research concludes by offering an alternative conceptualisation to camps and refugees as opposed to the traditional humanitarian perception of them being temporary and aid-dependent victims, respectively. / Aufgrund der Syrienkrise wurden in 2012 mehrere Flüchtlingscamps in Jordanien geöffnet, um der steigenden, von dem Konflikt betroffenen, Anzahl an Menschen zu helfen. Die Lebensräume für Flüchtlinge, egal ob Flüchtlingscamps oder andere Marginalsiedlungen (urban informalities), unterliegen der Herausforderung in einem „permanenten Zwischenzustand“ (permanent temporariness) zu verbleiben. Innerhalb dieser Zeit entwickeln sich diese Räume durch soziale Raumproduktion (social production of space) in unerforschte urbane (stadtähnliche) Gebiete. Im Rahmen dieser Forschungsarbeit wird der Prozess, innerhalb dessen sich Flüchtlingscamps zu stadtähnlichen Räumen entwickeln, beispielhaft am Fall des Flüchtlingscamps Zaatari aufgezeigt. Im Konkreten wird hinterfragt wie das Zusammenspiel menschlichen Handelns und Struktur zur Raumproduktion und schließlich zu stadtähnlichen Gebilden führt. Al-Souq, die wichtigste Handelsstraße in Zaatari, wird als Studienobjekt herangezogen, um die Wahrnehmungen der Akteure zu beleuchten. Diese Studie folgt einem explorativen Ansatz mit narrativer Analyse. Die erhobenen Daten werden mittels einer thematischen (thematic analysis) und performativen Analyse (performative analysis) ausgewertet, um das Zusammenspiel der zwei genannten Kategorien im Hinblick auf die Raumproduktion zu untersuchen. Die Haupterkenntnisse der Studie zeigen sowohl eine schöpferische Außergewöhnlichkeit welche die Raumproduktion ermöglicht als auch eine daraus folgende Inklusion der Flüchtlinge im Camp durch ein Gefühl der Zugehörigkeit. Ferner zeigt die Auftretende räumliche Konstruktion von Al-Souq, dass Flüchtlinge Handlungsfähigkeit besitzen und herstellen und somit als „active Agents“ verstanden werden können. Aufbauend auf beiden Ergebnissen kann somit geschlussfolgert werden, dass zu der traditionell existierenden Humanitären Perspektive, in der Camps als temporär und Flüchtlinge als hilfebedürftige Opfer gesehen werden, ein alternatives Verständnis zu präferieren ist.

Flyer mit tabellarischer Zusammenfassung der Behördengänge vor und nach der Geburt eines Kindes

We introduce and demonstrate a simple and efficient method for simulating mixtures of legacy and autonomous trains. The method generalises an earlier simulation that we developed for legacy-only operations, in which trains run according to fixed-block signalling rules. Autonomous trains, which use moving-block signalling rules, are incorporated into this framework by employing an overlapping set of short virtual fixed-blocks. Safe occupancy is then maintained by using shadowing rules that link the two sets of blocks. The paper gives relevant rail background, details of the proposed simulation rules, and demonstrates exemplar solution trajectories. The simulation technique is validated both in terms of maintaining safe occupancy and providing a close approximation of the true continuous-space dynamics of autonomous leader-follower pairs. At the Dresden meeting, a variety of interesting mixed-fleet capacity results will also be presented.

Connected and automated vehicles (CAVs) will behave fundamentally differently than human drivers. In mixed traffic, this could lead to inefficiencies and safety-critical situations since neither human drivers nor CAVs will be able to fully anticipate or predict surrounding traffic dynamics. Thus, some researchers proposed to separate CAVs from conventional vehicles by dedicating exclusive lanes to them. However, the separation of road infrastructure can negatively impact the system’s capacity. While the effects of CAV lanes were addressed for freeways, their deployment in urban settings is not yet fully understood. This paper systematically analyzes the effects of CAV-lanes in an urban setting accounting for the corresponding complexities. We employ microscopic traffic simulation to model traffic flow dynamics in a detailed manner and to be able to consider a wide array of supply-related characteristics. These concern intersection geometry, public transport operation, traffic signal control, and traffic management. Our study contributes to the existing literature by revealing the potential of CAV lanes in an urban setting while accounting for the behavioral and topological complexities. The results of this study can support decision-makers in the design of future urban transportation systems and to prepare cities for the upcoming era of automation in traffic.

A discrete-time stochastic optimal control problem was recently proposed to address the GLOSA (Green Light Optimal Speed Advisory) problem in cases where the next signal switching time is decided in real-time and is therefore uncertain in advance. However, there was an assumption that the traffic signal is initially red and turns to green, which means that only half traffic light cycle was considered. In this work, the aforementioned problem is extended considering a full traffic light cycle, consisting of four phases: a certain green phase, during which the vehicle can freely pass; an uncertain green phase, in which there is a probability that the traffic light will extend its duration or turn to red at any time; a certain red phase during which the vehicle cannot pass; and an uncertain red phase, in which there is a probability that the red signal may be extended or turn to green at any time. It is demonstrated, based on preliminary results, that the proposed SDP (Stochastic Dynamic Programming) approach achieves better average performance, in terms of fuel consumption, compared to the IDM (Intelligent Driver Model), which emulates human-driving behavior.

This paper presents results from a workshop focusing on human demands of mobility that was conducted during the MFTS conference 2022. It shows, how the international participants, most of them male researchers with a background in engineering, dealt with concepts and findings from mobility research conducted by scholars of social sciences, humanities and cultural studies that focus on human mobility demands including gender and diversity aspects.

Introduction: With the beginning of the COVID-19 outbreak and the restrictions put in place to prevent an uncontrolled spread of the virus, the circumstances for daily activities changed. A remarkable shift in the modal split distribution was observed [Ank21]. Moreover, the changes in mobility during the COVID-19 pandemic had multiple impacts on road traffic [Yas21]. By now, several researchers have looked at the impact of COVID-19 as a disruptive event on mobility behaviour. This workshop within the 4th Symposium on Management of Future Motorway and Urban Traffic Systems aimed to discuss insights from these research projects and how they enable experts to transfer this newfound knowledge to future disruptive events such as climate change, rising energy costs and events related to a possible energy transition. Thus, the research question this workshop investigated reads as follows: What can we learn from the pandemic to be able to predict how different future disruptive events can shape the mobility of tomorrow?

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