The diploma thesis is concerned with the intervention of the Czech National Bank in the area of the exchange market and its impact on the insolvency of companies. The majority of the studies dealing with the liquidation of companies focuses primarily on the microeconomic determinants of bankruptcy. Conversely, the empirical study carried out in this project concentrates on the macroeconomic determinants of company bankruptcy. For the purposes of this study were used the quarterly panel data of insolvencies for the 5-year-period between 2010 - 2015. The quantity of insolvencies was established for individual branches. Furthermore, the method Differences-in-Differences was employed in order to compare those branches which were assumed to prove a significant impact of the depreciation of the Czech crown in comparison to those where the exchange rate seems to be rather irrelevant. The results of the regressive analysis have confirmed the initial hypothesis of this work: from the perspective of insolvency, the intervention on the aggregate level has improved the situation of companies. Finally, the impact on individual branches was investigated in this diploma thesis. The results testified that the situation deteriorated in case of the travel agencies (as expected).

Presented work deals with the issues of bankruptcies in pre-selected countries: Czech Republic, Slovak Republic, Serbia and Croatia, both from an economic and legal viewpoint. First four chapters are devoted to more detailed analysis of insolvency (bankruptcy) laws of each country with regard to their development and current practice. At the end of each chapter is described a current "bankruptcy situation" on the markets of individual economies. The sixth chapter deals with bankruptcies in Europe (Western Europe and Central and Eastern Europe). Part of this chapter is also devoted to the development of selected economies in terms of their GDP. The seventh chapter highlights the economic aspects of bankruptcy and the eighth chapter analyzes the data obtained. The work focuses only on corporate bankruptcies and is completed with appropriate graphs and tables both in the text and in the appendices.

After the split of Czechoslovakia, the bankruptcy law in both countries evolved their own way. The original Act No. 328/1991 Coll. Bankruptcy and Settlement in the Czech Republic and its equivalent form in the Slovak Republic was necessary due to changing economic and political situation to change with new regulations. In the Slovak Republic in 2006, the Act no. 7/2005 Coll. Bankruptcy and Restructuring and two years later, in the Czech Republic Act No. 182/2006 Coll. Bankruptcy and Settlement came into force. The aim of this thesis is the comparison of the bankruptcy law in the Czech Republic and Slovakia. It compares individual legal adjustments with regard to their pros and cons. The Master thesis is based on statistical data on bankruptcy proceedings, explaining the reasons for the different developments in individual countries. The main focus of thesis is in reorganization and debt relief. The difference in debt relief of each country is explained in case study. Part of the work is also a practical example of the reorganization of the selected company.

En France comme dans l'espace OHADA, le droit des procédures collectives renvoie aux procédures judiciaires spéciales et dérogatoires par rapport au droit commun réservées au traitement curatif des difficultés des entreprises. Essentiel à la protection du crédit et à la bonne santé du tissu économique dont il garantit l'assainissement, ce droit d'ordre public est constitué d'un corps de règles impératives destinées à s'appliquer, dès le jugement d'ouverture d'une procédure collective, aussi bien à l'entreprise débitrice qu'à ses créanciers. Conformément aux objectifs poursuivis, les droits et sûretés des derniers créanciers, chirographaires ou titulaires de sûretés réelles préférentielles, subissent des atteintes et des restrictions. Mais cette emprise naturelle du droit des procédures collectives sur les sûretés des créanciers est remise en cause par le recours aux nouveaux mécanismes de garantie de créance. Ces mécanismes nouveaux basés sur la propriété retenue, cédée ou réservée à des fins de garanties ont été différenciés des sûretés réelles classiques pour asseoir la légitimité de leur caractère dérogatoire aux règles constitutives de la discipline collective du droit des procédures collectives. Il en résulte une incohérence entre le droit des sûretés et le droit des procédures collectives. Ce dernier, appliqué selon deux poids deux mesures crée une rupture d'égalité entre les créanciers du débiteur commun. Pour remédier à ce déséquilibre la thèse présentée propose l'extension de l'emprise du droit des procédures collectives aux propriétés-­sûretés. / In France as in OHADA, the insolvency law refers to the special and exceptional judicial proceedings in relation to common law reserved for the curative treatment of business difficulties. Essential to the credit protection and the health of the economic fabric which guarantees the sanitation, this public order law consists of a body of mandatory rules intended to apply, from the judgment of opening collective proceedings, both the debtor to its creditors. In accordance with the objectives, rights and security of the last creditors, unsecured or holders of preferred collateral, suffer abuses and restrictions. But this natural grip of bankruptcy law on secured creditors is undermined by the use of new debt guarantee mechanisms. These new mechanisms based on the chosen property, assigned or reserved for the purpose of safeguards have been differentiated from conventional collateral to establish the legitimacy of their exceptional nature to the constitutive rules of the collective discipline of the insolvency law. This results in a mismatch between the security law and insolvency law. The latter, as applied double standards creates a breach of equality among the creditors of the joint debtor. To address this imbalance presented the thesis proposes the extension of the right of bankruptcy law to property-collateral.

Master’s thesis "Financial insolvency of the firm and methods of solution to this problem" deals with management of receivables. The first part describes tools which can be used for the management of receivables after maturity or prevention before this type of receivables. In the second part the work is focused on management of receivables in the company. In this section the current status of this area in the company is summarized and more types of debt collection are proposed. Finally, ideas for improvement of management of receivables are suggested, e.g. in the area of client communication by sales representatives. Recommendations are also made for tools usage, e.g. sale of bad debts of transfer of risk to other subject.

This thesis evaluates the financial situation of the company Vetropack Moravia Glass, joint-stock company in the time period of 2002 – 2006 by way of prime financial analysis methods. The thesis contains proposals of possible solutions and recommendations for an improvement of financial situation of the firm in future years.

This diploma thesis deals with the creation of a bankruptcy model for the manufacturing industry in the Czech Republic using logit analysis. The theoretical part defines the concept of bankruptcy model, financial distress and financial health of the company. This section is focused on the influence of macroeconomics on the accuracy of these models, a look into their history and description of selected models. The practical part of the thesis is initially focused on determining the reliability of selected bankruptcy models, and then a new bankruptcy model is compiled.

The diploma thesis is aimed at the problematic within the prediction of bankruptcy of companies operating in manufacturing industry in Czech Republic. There are defined terms related to the topic, methods of creating bankruptcy models and selected bankruptcy models in the theoretical part. Analytical part includes testing of the selected bankruptcy models. Thereafter a new bankruptcy model is created, which is subsequently tested and its accuraccy is compared to models from other authors.

This diploma thesis deals with assessment of financial situation of a chosen company on basis of its accounts. The first part of the thesis includes an issue of financial analysis, its devices and methods. The next part contains financial analysis itself. First, property and financial structure of the company is evaluated by means of horizontal and vertical analyses. The thesis focuses mostly on a calculation and successive evaluation of ratio indicators of profitability, liquidity, insolvency and activity. In conclusion of the financial analysis there are multidimensional bankruptcy models used which are a part of the predication of financial stringency of the company. On the basis of findings the diploma thesis includes proposal of strategy which should improve financial health of examinated company.

The theme of my thesis “Use of accounting dates and statements for company management” is definining a way of using accounting data and evaluate the company from the manager point of view. This study concentrates on evaluating of current financial and economic situation of the company by means of specific procedures and methods and deals with the accounting statements balance sheet and profit and loss account which provides important indicators e.g., sources of financing, structure of properties, profitability, liquidity etc. The indicating instruments are represented in tabular form, graphs and schemes.