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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
191

Knowledge retention strategies in selected Southern Africa public broadcasting corporations

Dewah, Peterson January 2012 (has links)
Knowledge is now regarded as the most important resource surpassing other resources like land and capital. It is a foregone conclusion that knowledge flows out of organizations through various ways such as resignations, retirement and death yet, it does not seem as if organizations are employing strategies to retain such a vital component of production and service delivery. This study investigated the knowledge retention strategies in three Southern Africa Development Community (SADC) public broadcasting organizations of the South African Broadcasting Corporation in South African (SABC), the Department of Broadcasting Services (DBS) in Botswana and the Zimbabwe Broadcasting Corporation (ZBC) in Zimbabwe. The aim of this study was to establish how knowledge is captured and retained at such organizations. The objectives of the study were; to find out the types of strategies the three broadcasting organizations employ to capture and retain knowledge; establish how the three broadcasting organizational cultures enable knowledge acquisition, transfer, sharing and retention; establish the role of ICTs as tools and enablers of knowledge retention, creation, transfer and sharing in the three broadcasting organizations; and to propose recommendations on the best strategies for retention of knowledge in the three public broadcasting organizations as well as suggest areas for further and future research. v The study used the survey method and employed the triangulation design for data gathering. Data were collected from three SADC public broadcasting organizations. The population sample comprised 240 professional staff including 38 managers from different sections of the broadcasting organizations. The researcher collected data by administering a questionnaire to staff, interviews with managers and observations. Documentary analysis was also conducted in order to supplement data and fill in gaps. The researcher was mainly interested in gathering data that would give a comprehensive picture about knowledge retention methods in broadcasting organizations. There were four main findings. First, knowledge management as a relatively new concept and practice has not yet been properly embraced in the public broadcasting organization system in order to capture and retain knowledge that is acquired and generated in the organizations. There are no measures put in place in the organizations to retain the knowledge to ensure that once those who hold vital tacit knowledge are gone, the knowledge may still be available and accessible. Second, the study established that the respective organizational cultures impede on organizational knowledge retention. The study established that there was no culture of knowledge sharing. It also emerged that employees were not free to share their knowledge because of government regulations, prevailing political contexts, mistrust and general lack of incentive to share knowledge. Third, the study established that the organizations have no strategies or systems in place to capture the experts‟ knowledge or the knowledge of experienced staff and vi those approaching retiring age. The Human Resources Departments hold exit interviews that cover issues purely to do with why the person is leaving the organization instead of recording the work experiences and expertise of the departing employees. Fourth, the study revealed that the public broadcasting organizations still lag behind in collaborative and communicative technologies that facilitate knowledge transfer and sharing of tacit knowledge but retention of knowledge generally. The study also found that, some of the organizations studied did not have internet connectivity and websites were not yet functional, which hampered acquisition and sharing of knowledge for retention purposes. The importance of this study is that it has made a contribution and provided literature on knowledge retention strategies for public broadcasting corporations as part of knowledge management practice. On the basis of these findings the study recommended the following: appointment of knowledge management officers, establishment of Communities of Practice, encouraging knowledge sharing between employees, introduction of joint programmes with other broadcasting organizations by managers and their supervision of mentoring programmes; organizations to facilitate acquisition of information and communication technologies that enable knowledge management
192

Management znalostí ve společnosti Efficio ltd. / Knowledge management in Efficio Ltd.

Priecel, Mia January 2008 (has links)
My thesis is focused on assessment of evolution of knowledge management systems and specifically on deployment of wiki technology for knowledge management in consulting company Efficio ltd.
193

Intellectual capital reporting : An explorative and explanative study of how universities in Sweden report on IC information / Rapportering av intellektuellt kapital : en utforskande och beskrivande studie om hur svenska universitet rapporterar information om IC

Erlandsson, Frida, Lundberg, Gabriella January 2017 (has links)
In society, intellectual capital (IC) is considered to be necessary in order to create value in organizations. The interest has expanded from private to public organizations such as universities. However, there is still a relatively small amount of research about IC reporting in universities, despite the importance of IC in universities. Previous research does not either consider different university characteristics, something that can help in the development of a common framework for IC reporting. The purpose with this study is to explore and explain howdifferent universities report on IC information in their annual reports in regard to the characteristics size, maturity, type of institution and governmental dependence. The purpose was reached through a multiple case study of eight Swedish universities and a content analysis. The theoretical model was developed through resource based view, knowledge based view, institutional diversity and signaling theory and suggest that internal and external pressures affects the usage of IC assets, strategies and intentions with IC reporting. The results show that all universities report on IC information, to different extent. Relational capital and human capital was the types of IC reported on the most which can be explained by its close connection to the individual, compared to structural capital. The results did not show differences in the IC reporting regarding the different characteristics. However, a contribution of the thesis was the results regarding the IC reporting being integrated in different sections of the annual report, as a part of both strategies and historical performance.
194

Intellectual Capital in hospitals- Opportunities and limitations of external intellectual capital reporting / Intellectual Capital in hospitals- Opportunities and limitations of external intellectual capital reporting

Weichselbaumer, Barbara January 2012 (has links)
Hospitals, like other knowledge-intensive organizations are today more dependent than ever before on intellectual capital (IC). lC consists of non-physical sources of knowledge used for value creation for key stakeholders. It comprises of human, structural and relational capital and becomes more often the key point for sustainable competitive advantage. The respective value is generally not reflected in the balance sheet. Indeed there are possibilities to disclose information on IC in supplementary or annual reports in order to reduce the lack of information on value drivers. The German hospital market is in a significant transition and trends of privatization, consolidation and a rising need for external capital become apparent. This increases the necessity for determination of a hospitals' value and key value drivers. The aim of the present thesis is to answer the questions of how IC in hospitals is measured and the how the information is disclosed to answer consequently the question if the analyzed tools can show the added value gained by IC. Finally, the analysis should find an answer on whether the reports can influence the valuation of hospitals and create a positive effect. The study is based on data gathered by five external available reports of national and international hospitals comprising information IC. The analysis includes both an examination of extent and quality of IC disclosure through the usage of content analysis and a disclosure index derived from previous studies and aligned to the special field of interest. Additionally, the reports were analyzed whether or not certain requirements set by financial analysts for valuation are met. The results show that IC disclosure in hospitals can be provided with or without making use of frameworks for IC reporting, or by including the information in annual reports. The majority of information is disclosed in a qualitative narrative way what brings the limitation, that only an indirect derivation of value drivers and the contribution to business success of the hospitals is possible. Theoretically, in all cases the information asymmetry between hospitals and the financial experts could be decreased, which would consequently lead to a more appropriate determination of the hospitals' value.
195

The role of knowledge management in eBusiness and customer relationship management

Du Plessis, Marina 18 August 2005 (has links)
Knowledge management is a prerequisite for eBusiness and its increasing client centric focus. To operate in an eBusiness environment, an organisation has to have a good command of knowledge on its markets, customers, products and services, methods and processes, competitors, employee skills and its regulatory environment. This is due to the fact that organisations can, with the advent of eBusiness, do business electronically, seamlessly across the globe, via the Internet and via intranets, which has caused an explosion of the richness and reach of information and knowledge. Knowledge management systems are now essential to ensure that value is extracted from knowledge internal and external to the organisation. eBusiness also broadens an organisation’s customer base due to the possibility of operating globally through electronic means. Customer relationship management in the global and digital economy has therefore forced organisations to rethink the ways in which they build relationships with a broadened customer base. Customer relationships cannot take place without knowledge management. To enable organisations to become more efficient and effective in delivering products and services to customers, knowledge on customers will have to be managed to ensure that the services organisations provide are those that will address customer needs. To date the role of knowledge management in eBusiness and customer relationship management has not been formally defined. It is critical for organisations to understand the role of knowledge management in eBusiness and customer relationship management to enable them to manage and leverage knowledge as a corporate asset that supports the organisation’s business strategy and operating model, and therefore the execution of the strategic intent of the business. This study defines the nature of the role of knowledge management in eBusiness and customer relationship management and secondly the value that knowledge management can add to eBusiness and customer relationship management. It tests the validity of this role and value proposition of knowledge management in eBusiness and customer relationship management, as defined by the researcher, in the South African context. Questionnaires were sent to large South African corporates where knowledge management has been implemented. The Diagnostic Management Application Profile (DMAP) tool was customized for this purpose. Respondents of the questionnaires cover a variety of South African Industries, including insurance, banking, telecommunications and professional services. This study makes a contribution to the understanding of the inherent nature of knowledge management, as concept in its own right, or as concept within a eBusiness or customer relationship environment. This study also contributes in understanding how knowledge management is perceived and applied in the South African market, given the advent of eBusiness and customer relationship management. The final contribution that this study makes is in understanding that knowledge management in South Africa has its own unique challenges, e.g. with reference to literacy levels and level of technology application, and that knowledge management programmes cannot be carbon copies from systems and programmes in Europe and the USA. / Thesis (DPhil (Information Science))--University of Pretoria, 2006. / Information Science / unrestricted
196

Influência do capital intelectual na capacidade absortiva e na inovação

Machado, Raquel Engelman January 2014 (has links)
Esta tese tem como objetivo principal verificar a influência do Capital Intelectual na Capacidade Absortiva das empresas, bem como da Capacidade Absortiva (ACAP) na inovação. O argumento teórico desta tese tem como base a Visão Baseada em Recursos, onde pressupõe-se que conjuntos de recursos intangíveis, como o Capital Intelectual, são mobilizados pelas firmas através de capacidades dinâmicas, como a Capacidade Absortiva do conhecimento, levando as empresas a resultados, tais como inovação de produtos. O estudo justifica-se pelas contribuições teóricas, metodológicas e práticas que pretende aportar para as áreas de gestão do conhecimento e inovação, permitindo compreender melhor os conceitos, bem como as interrelações entre eles. Inicialmente realizou-se estudo exploratório com 12 empresas, a partir de uma abordagem qualitativa, visando ampliar os conhecimentos sobre o ambiente pesquisado e proporcionar uma estruturação mais robusta do questionário. Posteriormente, o estudo quantitativo abrangeu 500 indústrias gaúchas de portes, intensidades tecnológicas e setores variados. A partir do método de modelagem de equações estruturais, o exame dos índices de ajustamento e sua significância estatística confirmaram a validade de todos os construtos e do modelo. Também serviu para a sustentação ou refutação das hipóteses do estudo. A partir das evidências, pode-se concluir que o Capital Intelectual influencia a Capacidade Absortiva, mas os elementos que o compõe refletem de modo diferente nas dimensões da ACAP. As capacidades de Aquisição, Assimilação e Exploração do conhecimento são influenciadas de forma mais contundente pelo Capital Organizacional, seguido pelo Capital Humano. A capacidade de Transformação do conhecimento é influenciada de forma equilibrada pelo Capital Organizacional e Humano, e de forma mais moderada pelo Capital Social. Por sua vez, a Capacidade Absortiva influencia a inovação, sendo que cada dimensão impacta de modo diverso. Aquisição e Exploração do conhecimento influenciam de modo mais intenso, e Transformação do conhecimento de forma mais moderada. A validação dos construtos apresenta-se como contribuição relevante, pois demonstra empiricamente a validade dos conceitos teóricos e apresenta avanços metodológicos para a mensuração dos mesmos a partir do desenvolvimento de escalas e de um modelo integrado, servindo a acadêmicos e gestores. Especificamente para o setor industrial, esta pesquisa contribui para traçar um perfil do desenvolvimento de seus recursos intangíveis, das capacidades relacionadas ao conhecimento, de suas atividades de pesquisa e desenvolvimento, bem como dos resultados relacionados à inovação. Esta caracterização pode servir de parâmetro de comparação tanto para as empresas, como para os gestores públicos definirem políticas de incentivo à inovação. Novas pesquisas em diferentes setores e países poderão aprofundar as relações entre estes construtos, bem como incluir fatores externos e a relação específica com inovação incremental e radical. / This thesis aims to investigate the influence of Intellectual Capital on Absorptive Capacity of firms, as well as the influence of Absorptive Capacity on innovation. The theoretical argument of this thesis is based on the Resource Based View, which assumes that sets of intangible assets such as Intellectual Capital are mobilized by firms through dynamic capabilities such as knowledge Absorptive Capacity, leading to results such as product innovation. The study is justified by theoretical, methodological and practices in the areas of knowledge management and innovation, enabling a better understanding of concepts, as well as the interrelationships between them. Using the qualitative approach, an exploratory study was initially performed with 12 companies aiming to expand the knowledge about the environment researched and to provide a more robust structure to the questionnaire. Subsequently, the quantitative study covered 500 industries in southern Brazil of different sizes, sectors and technological intensities. Using the method of structural equation modeling, the examination of adjustment indexes and statistical significance confirmed the validity of all the constructs and model. It also served to support or refute the hypotheses of the study. Given the evidences, it can be concluded that the Intellectual Capital influences Absorptive Capacity, but the elements that compose the Intellectual Capital reflect differently on the dimensions of ACAP. The capabilities of Acquisition, Assimilation and Exploitation of knowledge are influenced more decisively by Organizational Capital, followed by Human Capital. The ability of Transformation of knowledge is influenced evenly by Organizational and Human Capital, and more moderately by Social Capital. In turn, the Absorptive Capacity influences innovation, and each of its dimension has a different impact. Knowledge Acquisition and Exploitation have a more intense influence, and knowledge Transformation has a moderate one. The validation of the constructs is presented as a relevant contribution, it empirically demonstrates the validity of the theoretical concepts and presents methodological advances in its measurement, from scales and development of an integrated model, serving to academics and managers. Primarily for the industrial sector, this research helps to draw a profile of the development of its intangible assets, related to the knowledge of their research and development, as well as results related to innovation capabilities. This characterization can serve as a benchmark both for businesses and for public administrators helping them to define policies to encourage innovation. New studies in different sectors and countries may deepen relations between these constructs, and include external factors and specific relationship to incremental and radical innovation.
197

Mensuração e avaliação de capital intelectual das empresas desenvolvedoras de sistemas associadas aos arranjos produtivos locais de tecnologia da informação do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul

Bertolla, Fernando Luís 04 August 2017 (has links)
Para a teoria das empresas baseada em conhecimento, o processo de criação de valor não ocorre por meio dos fatores tradicionais de produção tais como capital, trabalho, terra, mas sim pelo capital intelectual e ativos de conhecimento. O capital intelectual é o estoque de conhecimento de uma organização, originado pela transformação do conhecimento tácito em explícito que pode ser aumentado através da sistematização e memória do conhecimento dos indivíduos. No entanto alguns elementos do capital intelectual, mesmo criando valor, não estão incluídos nos relatórios contábeis. Esse fato decorre de uma carência de modelos de mensuração de capital intelectual das empresas. Por outro lado, a vertente contábil da mensuração de capital intelectual está sujeita às normas e regras de cada país. No Brasil, não há um modelo de mensuração de capital intelectual compatível com as normas contábeis vigentes. A presente pesquisa teve por objetivo construir um modelo de mensuração de capital intelectual que avalie as influências dos seus elementos na lucratividade das empresas desenvolvedoras de sistemas, associadas aos arranjos produtivos locais (APL) de tecnologia da informação (TI) do estado do Rio Grande do Sul-RS. O método adotado foi o de abordagem exploratória, com caráter descritivo, de natureza quantitativa. A coleta dos dados foi realizada através de questionários auto-administrados. As técnicas estatísticas utilizadas para análise dos resultados foram as descritivas, análise fatorial exploratória, análise de correlação e regressão linear. Os resultados revelaram as influências dos elementos agrupados do capital intelectual, por indicadores não financeiros e financeiros na lucratividade. Os resultados possibilitaram também a construção da equação que gerou o Índice de Capital Intelectual - ICI de cada uma das 53 empresas participantes, através dos resultados coletados na pesquisa, que permitiram assim testar o modelo proposto. Com a identificação e avaliação do ICI, foi possível organizar um ranking ordenando as empresas dos maiores aos menores valores de ICI, que estão associados aos maiores e menores percentuais de lucratividade. O ICI pode ser mencionado nas notas explicativas das demonstrações contábeis, passando a percepção de maior valor agregado das empresas para o mercado de investimento. Em termos acadêmicos a principal contribuição do estudo reside na geração do modelo de avaliação de capital intelectual adequado a contabilidade moderna e ao sistema contábil brasileiro alinhado com as normas internacionais de contabilidade. / For knowledge-based business theory, the value creation process does not occur through traditional production factors, such as capital, labor, and land, but through intellectual capital and knowledge assets. Intellectual capital is the organization stock of knowledge, due to the transformation of tacit knowledge into explicit knowledge that can be increased through the systematization of the individuals knowledge. However, some elements of intellectual capital, even that creates value, are not included in the accounting reports. This fact stems from a lack of models for measuring intellectual capital of companies. On the other hand, the accounting dimension of intellectual capital measurement may follow the rules and regulations of each country. In Brazil, there is no model for measuring intellectual capital compatible with current accounting standards. The objective of the present research was to construct a model of intellectual capital measurement that evaluates the influence of its elements on the profitability of the systems development companies associated with the local productive arrangements (APL) of information technology (IT) in the state of Rio Grande do Sul Sul-RS. The method adopted was the exploratory approach, with a descriptive character, of a quantitative nature. The data were collected through self-administered questionnaires. The statistical techniques used to analyze the results were descriptive statistics, exploratory factorial analysis, correlation analysis, and linear regression. The results revealed the influences of the pooled elements of intellectual capital, by non-financial and financial indicators in profitability. The results also enabled the construction of the Intellectual Capital Index (ICI) equation of each of the 53 participating companies, through the results collected in the research, which allowed to test the proposed model. With the identification and evaluation of the ICI, it was possible to organize a ranking ordering the companies from the highest to the lowest values of ICI, which are associated with the highest and lowest profitability percentages. The ICI can be mentioned in the explanatory notes to the financial statements, expanding the perception of higher value-added by the companies to the investment market. In academic terms, the main contribution of the study lies in the generation of an intellectual capital evaluation model appropriate to modern accounting and to the Brazilian accounting system in line with international accounting standards.
198

Criação do conhecimento e inovação como variáveis mediadoras da relação entre as condições capacitadoras e o desempenho organizacional

Craco, Tânia 23 August 2017 (has links)
Nesta tese procurou-se identificar, sob uma perspectiva teórica e empírica, no APLMMeA, as relações entre as condições capacitadoras, a criação do conhecimento, a inovação e o desempenho organizacional, bem como construir e validar um modelo que demonstrasse a relação entre estas variáveis. A pesquisa pode ser classificada como quantitativa, tendo um recorte transversal, sendo viabilizado por meio de uma survey; a coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de um questionário aplicado pessoalmente aos gestores das empresas de médio e grande porte pertencentes ao APLMMeA, que é um relevante polo industrial da região. Para fins desta tese, o questionário de pesquisa foi elaborado com base em escalas já validadas em pesquisas anteriores. Os métodos estatísticos empregados foram: análise fatorial, correlação múltipla, análise de regressão e modelagem de equações estruturais. Verificou-se que as condições capacitadoras possuem efeitos indiretos significativos sobre o desempenho organizacional por meio da criação do conhecimento e da inovação e que a criação do conhecimento possui efeito indireto significativo sobre o desempenho organizacional, por meio da inovação no modelo testado. As contribuições teóricas encontradas foram: o modelo construído e testado que mostra as relações entre as condições capacitadoras, criação do conhecimento, inovação e desempenho organizacional, as relações significativas das variáveis que compõem as condições capacitadoras e o efeito da mediação múltipla. Para a área gerencial, o referido modelo contribuiu para uma melhor compreensão das diferentes variáveis e suas respectivas relações de causa e efeito. Por conseguinte, as condições capacitadoras: : autonomia, intenção, redundância, variedade de requisitos e flutuação e caos criativo apresentaram relação entre si, o que refletiu positivamente na criação do conhecimento e na inovação, logo, essas condições devem ser estimuladas na formulação estratégica pela gestão. Para estudos futuros sugere-se realizar estudos longitudinais, incluir variáveis moderadoras no modelo proposto, criar escalas e aplicar pesquisa qualitativa como forma de aprofundamento dos dados obtido (sic). / In this doctoral thesis we sought to identify, from a theoretical and empirical perspective, in the APLMMeA, the relations between the enabling conditions, knowledge creation, innovation and organizational performance, as well as to construct and validate a model that demonstrates the relation between these Variables. The research can be classified as quantitative, having a cross-cut, being made possible by means of a survey. The data collection was carried out by means of a questionnaire applied personally to the managers of medium and large companies belonging to APLMMeA, which is relevant Industrial pole of the region. For the purpose of this thesis the research questionnaire was elaborated based on scales already validated in previous researches. The statistical methods used were: factorial analysis, multiple correlation, regression analysis and modeling of structural equations. It was found that the enabling conditions have significant indirect effects on organizational performance through the creation of knowledge and innovation, and that knowledge creation has a significant indirect effect on organizational performance through innovation in the tested model. The theoretical contributions were: the constructed and tested model that shows the relationships between the enabling conditions, knowledge creation, innovation and organizational performance; the significant relationships of the variables that make up the enabling conditions; and the effect of multiple mediation. For the managerial area, this model contributed to a better understanding of the different variables and their respective cause and effect relationships. Therefore, the enabling conditions: autonomy, intention, redundancy, requisite variety, fluctuation and creative chaos presented a relationship between that reflected positively in the creation knowledge and innovation, so these conditions must be stimulated in the strategic formulation by the management. For future studies it is suggested to carry out longitudinal studies, to include moderating variables in the proposed model, to create scales and to apply qualitative research as a way to deepen the data obtained (sic).
199

Distribuição de retorno do investimento no capital intelectual : um estudo em empresas de capital intensivo no Brasil entre 1998 e 2012 / Distribution of return on investment in intellectual capital : a study in capital-intensive companies in Brazil between 1998 and 2012

Oliveira, Silas Ferreira Reis de, 1991- 06 November 2015 (has links)
Orientador: Johan Hendrik Poker Junior / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Aplicadas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-27T13:12:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Oliveira_SilasFerreiraReisde_M.pdf: 1466220 bytes, checksum: 781775ebb21394d361b2c05def677f90 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015 / Resumo: As organizações na atualidade necessitam ser eficientes no investimento e gestão dos recursos internos estratégicos para serem competitivas no contexto da globalização. Um dos recursos organizacionais é o capital intelectual, que pode ser entendido como a somatória do conhecimento na organização que agrega valor, e que segundo alguns autores é composto pelo capital humano, estrutural e relacional. Assim é importante a sua mensuração, uma vez que é um recurso que pode ser aprimorado, propiciando melhor retorno pelo seu investimento. No estudo foi utilizado para mensuração do capital intelectual o modelo VAIC¿ que utiliza dados contábeis para a mensuração da eficiência do capital intelectual na criação de valor. A pesquisa teve como objetivo geral estimar a distribuição de retorno na margem de criação de valor do investimento nos componentes do capital intelectual na base amostral empregada. Para avaliar a margem de criação de valor foi utilizada a diferença entre o ROIC e o WACC. Foram utilizados na pesquisa dados disponibilizados no Balanço Social IBASE, no demonstrativo de valor adicionado (DVA) e na base Thomson Reuters, em uma observação não balanceada entre 1998 e 2012 sobre 48 empresas em sua maioria de capital intensiva no Brasil. No estudo foi utilizada a técnica da regressão multivariada de dados em painel para avaliar a influência do investimento no capital intelectual em retorno na margem de criação de valor para a base amostral. Também o estudo utilizou a Simulação de Monte Carlo para extrapolar a distribuição dos componentes do capital intelectual. Como resultado foi possível concluir que as empresas da base amostral têm a possibilidade de aumentar a margem em criação de valor, ou seja, a margem entre o ROIC e o WACC, através do investimento no capital humano. Isso ocorre porque há um melhor retorno pelo investimento nas pessoas da organização (HCE), do que o investimento no capital estrutural (SCE) na base amostral. Também foi obtido como resultado no estudo, ao empregar a simulação de Monte Carlo, uma probabilidade de 38,99% de o retorno do investimento no capital intelectual ser negativo. Dessa maneira é importante para as empresas a aplicação de técnicas de controle, como programas de melhoria contínua da qualidade, objetivando reduzir o risco do investimento no capital intelectual sobre a criação de valor. Esta pesquisa pode ser considerada como um estudo inicial sobre o uso de modelos de pesquisa operacional para mensuração de capital intelectual no Brasil / Abstract: Organizations nowadays need to be efficient in investment and management of strategic internal resources to be competitive in the context of globalization. One of organizational resources is the intellectual capital that can be understood as the sum of knowledge in the organization that aggregate value, and according to some authors is composed of human, structural and relational capital. Therefore it is important its mensuration, because it is a resource that can be improved, providing better return for its investment. In study was used the VAIC¿ model to measure the intellectual capital, that uses accounting data to measure the efficiency of intellectual capital in creating value. The research had as main objective to estimate the distribution of return in margin of value creation on investment in the components of intellectual capital on the employed sample basis. To assess the value creation margin was used the difference between ROIC and WACC. Were used in the research data available on the IBASE Social Balance, the value added statement (DVA) and Thomson Reuters base, in an unbalanced observation between 1998 and 2012 about 48 companies mostly capital intensive in Brazil. In the study was used the technique of multivariate regression analysis of panel data to evaluate the influence of investment in intellectual capital of return on margin of value creation for the employed sample basis. Also the study used the Monte Carlo Simulation to extrapolate the distribution of the components of intellectual capital. As a result it was concluded that the companies in the sample basis have the possibility to increase the margin on value creation, in other words, the margin between ROIC and WACC by investing in human capital. This happen because there is a better return by investing in people of organization (HCE), than investing in structural capital (SCE) on the sample basis. It was also obtained as a result of the study, by employing a Monte Carlo simulation, a probability of 38.99% of the return on investment in intellectual capital be negative. Thus, is important for companies to apply control techniques, such as continuous quality improvement programs aimed to reducing the risk of investment in intellectual capital on value creation. This research can be considered as an initial study on the use of operational research models to measure intellectual capital in Brazil / Mestrado / Pesquisa Operacional / Mestre em Pesquisa Operacional
200

Brand Management Capability and Brand Performance

Iyer, Pramod P 08 1900 (has links)
Brands are intangible assets that provide companies with the potential to extract higher rents or prices from customers. However, only few organizations are able to build and sustain brands over a long period of time. Brand management capability - the organization's ability to build and sustain brands becomes important for achieving sustainable competitive advantage. Despite the importance of brand management capability to organizations, majority of the brand management literature has primarily focused on the consumer perspective of brands. This gap in knowledge about the components of brand management capability impedes firms from replicating brand successes, and makes them reliant on brand managers. More recently, there have been multiple calls in literature to identify marketing-related organizational capabilities, which can provide organizations with a sustainable competitive advantage. The focus on developing marketing-based capabilities comes at a time when marketing is losing its influence in organizations. To this end, the current dissertation uses organizational capability theory and literature on brand management to identify the primary resource (intellectual capital comprising of structural, human, and relational capital), organizational culture type (clan, adhocracy, hierarchy, and market), and processes (strategic brand management, internal branding, and market information processes comprising of information acquisition, information transmission, conceptual utilization, and instrument utilization), that constitute the brand management capability. This dissertation also examines the association among various components of brand management capability and brand performance. A survey-based technique was used to gather data from individuals responsible for managing brands. The data was analyzed using PLS-SEM. The results indicate that human capital, relational capital, market and hierarchy culture types, internal branding, strategic brand management, and instrument utilization are positively associated with brand performance. Structural capital, clan and adhocracy culture types, information acquisition, information transmission, and conceptual utilization are not associated with brand performance. From a research standpoint, this dissertation contributes to the extant literature by identifying the resources, organizational culture, and processes that constitute the brand management capability. In addition to the extant brand management processes (internal branding and strategic brand management), a third set of processes identified in this dissertation (market information processes) is argued to be a critical component for successfully managing brands in organizations. This dissertation also provides empirical support for the role of marketing-based capabilities in determining organizational value, which has been debated in recent literature. Finally, this research addresses the calls for exploring marketing-based capabilities, especially at a time when marketing as a function is losing its influence in academia and organizations. From a managerial standpoint, this dissertation provides an outline for organizations seeking to build brand management capability. In addition to developing intellectual capital and brand management processes, firms need to create the right kind of organizational culture that is needed for brand management capability. This is consistent with the movement towards brands being managed with a strategic perspective.

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