Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 1999. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 99-105).

In this thesis, the first chapter provides the general description of this interpreter. The second chapter contains a formal definition of the syntax of BASIC along with an introduction to the semantics. The third chapter contains the design of data structure. The fourth chapter contains the description of algorithms along with stages for testing the interpreter and the design of debug output. The stages and actions-are represented internally to the computer in tabular forms. For statement parsing working syntax equations are established. They serve as standards for the conversion of source statements into object pseudocodes. As the statement is parsed for legal form, pseudocodes for this statement are created. For pseudocode execution, pseudocodes are represented internally to the computer in tabular forms.

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Detta är en studie som undersökt om det går att kartlägga någon skillnad mellan erfarna och oerfarna tolkar när det gäller deras lag time (eftersläpning). Lag time är tidsspannet från det att tolken hör talarens yttrande till dess att tolken själv producerar motsvarande yttrande. Tidigare forskare (t ex Cokely, 1992  och McDermid, 2014) har sett att detta påverkar resultatet av tolkningen och därför är detta intressant att undersöka närmare utifrån ett erfarenhetsperspektiv. I studien spelades tre erfarna och tre oerfarna tolkar in när de tolkade ett delvis förskrivet rollspel. Efter inspelningen analyserades materialet genom att i olika segment kontrollera med tidtagarur hur långt efter talaren tolken producerade ett yttrande liknande originaltalets. Resultatet visade att det inte var någon genomgående större skillnad mellan erfarna och oerfarna tolkar i deras lag time. I denna grupp var det istället individuella variationer.  Däremot upptäcktes det att det är svårt att identifiera hur man definierar och mäter lag time. / This is a study which explored the possibility to map a difference between experienced and inexperienced interpreters in their use of lag time. Lag time is the time difference from when the interpreter hears an utterance until the interpreter him/herself starts producing an equivalent utterance. Earlier researchers (for example Cokely, 1992 and McDermid, 2014) have found that this affects the result of the interpretation and that is why this is interesting to explore from a perspective of interpreting experience. In this study three inexperienced interpreters and three experienced interpreters were recorded during a partly scripted role play. After the recording, the material was analyzed by using a stop watch to see how far behind the interpreter’s utterance was produced after the speaker’s utterance in different segments. The result showed that it was not a general difference between the experienced and inexperienced interpreters in their lag time, instead there were individual differences. What was also found is that it is difficult to identify how to define and measure lag time.

Sverige tar i dagsläget emot en stor andel flyktingar och flertalet av dessa flyktigar lider av psykisk ohälsa. Stress, ångesttillstånd, depression och posttraumatiskt stressyndrom (PTSD) är några diagnoser som förekommer bland flyktingar. För att hjälpa dessa patienter krävs både kulturell och språklig kompetens inom vården. Syftet med denna litteraturöversikt är att beskriva sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av att bemöta flyktingar med psykisk ohälsa. Nio kvalitativa studier och en mixed method studie har används för att presentera resultatet. Studierna är gjorda i Västeuropa och Australien och de utgår från ett sjuksköterskeperspektiv. Axelssons tillvägagångssätt för litteraturstudie valdes som metod för detta arbete. Resultatet beskrivs i två huvudrubriker, Svårigheter för sjuksköterskan i mötet med flyktingar och Det vårdande mötet i psykisk kontext. De svårigheter som identifierats beskrivs i fyra underkategorier: Att kommunicera med flyktingar, Att använda tolk, Att förstå patientens kulturella bakgrund och Att prata om traumatiska händelser. Det vårdande mötet i psykisk kontext beskrivs i två underkategorier: Behovet av kulturell kompetens och Att bedöma symptom. Resultatet visar att sjuksköterskor är i behov av ökad kunskap om kulturella skillnader för att vårda flyktingar med psykisk ohälsa. Symtombilden i psykisk ohälsa varierar beroende kulturellt ursprung och ämnet anses vara tabubelagt i vissa länder. Tolkar anses vara en stor tillgång till att bygga upp en vårdande relation mellan sjuksköterskan och en flyktingpatient, men kan även ses som ett hinder.

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The multidimensional construct of perfectionism is well studied as it relates to coping with stress and burnout (Flett & Hewitt, 2002). Bontempo and Napier (2011) identify the personality trait of conscientiousness, which includes perfectionistic traits, as beneficial to an interpreter’s job performance. In contrast, several studies suggest that constructs related to maladaptive perfectionistic traits play a role in the development of burnout among interpreters, although perfectionism has not been explicitly identified or used as a research variable (Qin, Marshall, Mozrall, & Marschark, 2008). These studies identify key components of both adaptive and maladaptive perfectionism in the assessment of stress-related outcomes, thereby laying the groundwork for a more focused study on the particular role of perfectionism among interpreters who experience burnout. The multidimensional construct of perfectionism is well studied as it relates to coping with stress and burnout (Flett & Hewitt, 2002). Bontempo and Napier (2011) identify the personality trait of conscientiousness, which includes perfectionistic traits, as beneficial to an interpreter’s job performance. In contrast, several studies suggest that constructs related to maladaptive perfectionistic traits play a role in the development of burnout among interpreters, although perfectionism has not been explicitly identified or used as a research variable (Qin, Marshall, Mozrall, & Marschark, 2008). These studies identify key components of both adaptive and maladaptive perfectionism in the assessment of stress-related outcomes, thereby laying the groundwork for a more focused study on the particular role of perfectionism among interpreters who experience burnout. The current study evaluated the relationship between perfectionism, stress, coping resources and burnout in a sample of sign language interpreters. The results provided support for the mediating role of stress in the association of maladaptive perfectionism and burnout within a sign language interpreting sample. Coping resources did not serve as a moderator between perfectionism variables and burnout or a moderated mediator between perfectionism variables and perceived stress. The implications of these findings for sign language interpreters are discussed. The current study evaluated the relationship between perfectionism, stress, coping resources and burnout in a sample of sign language interpreters. The results provided support for the mediating role of stress in the association of maladaptive perfectionism and burnout within a sign language interpreting sample. Coping resources did not serve as a moderator between perfectionism variables and burnout or a moderated mediator between perfectionism variables and perceived stress. The implications of these findings for sign language interpreters are discussed.

This thesis concerned the design and implementation of an extensible computer language for microcomputer users. The language was shown to provide a minimal set of features which can be extended toward particular applications. The interactive nature of the language was discussed, along with a description of each language feature.Also presented were implementation specifics involving the use of a technique called threaded code. Motivations for the use of extensible languages were discussed, along with suggestions for further extensions and applications.Ball State UniversityMuncie, IN 57406

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego, 2010. / Title from first page of PDF file (viewed Feb. 18, 2010). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 100-110).

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