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Um Interpretador Gráfico de Comandos baseado na JVM como ferramenta de ensino de Programação, Algoritmos e Estruturas de DadosSousa, Tiago Davi Neves de 29 July 2013 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2013-07-29 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / In disciplines of Programming, Data Structures and Algorithms of Computer Science courses, tools that permit the visualization of the the data structures changing throughout the execution of a program by the students are very useful because they assist that the students learn how the algorithms operate over the data structures. Many tools were proposed since the pioneer work of [Brown e Sedgewick 1984]. In some of them, the graphical visualization of the data structures through the animations can only be done by the users programming and in others there are a lack of resources that forbid their use in the whole pedagogical process. Thus, in this work an Interpreter for the IGED (Graphical Interpreter of Data Structures) teaching tool was developed. This Interpreter was designed based in the JVM and enable that codes implementing various algorithms in an object oriented language be executed by the tool so that it generates as output the graphical visualization of the data structures. The architecture of the Interpreter developed in this work and its components were detailed and the functional requirements it may have as a teaching tool, being useful for other disciplines of Computer Science, were defined. Furthermore, was justified why an own implementation of an Interpreter for the IGED was done if there are JVM implementations available and widely used. In the experiments, was demonstrated that the Interpreter may execute code with useful characteristics for these disciplines. / Em disciplinas de Programação, Estruturas de Dados e Algoritmos de cursos de Computação, ferramentas que permitam que os alunos possam visualizar as alterações nas estruturas de dados ao longo da execução de um programa são de grande utilidade, já que elas auxiliam que os aprendizes entendam como os algoritmos operam sobre as estruturas de dados. Diversas ferramentas foram propostas desde o trabalho pioneiro de [Brown e Sedgewick 1984]. Em algumas delas, as visualizações gráficas das estruturas através de animações só podem ser feitas através de programação pelos usuários e outras carecem de recursos que as impossibilitam de serem empregadas em todo o processo pedagógico. Assim, neste trabalho foi desenvolvido um Interpretador para a ferramenta de ensino IGED (Interpretador Gráfico de Estruturas de Dados). Esse Interpretador foi projetado baseado na JVM e possibilita que códigos que implementam vários algoritmos em uma linguagem de programação orientada a objetos sejam executados pela ferramenta de forma que esta gere como saída as visualizações gráficas das estruturas de dados. A arquitetura do Interpretador desenvolvido neste trabalho e seus componentes foram detalhados e requisitos funcionais que ele pode ter como ferramenta de ensino, sendo útil para outras disciplinas de Computação, foram definidos. Além disso, foi justificado porque houve uma implementação própria de um Interpretador para o IGED se já existem implementações da JVM disponíveis e amplamente utilizadas. Nos experimentos, foi demonstrado que o Interpretador pode executar códigos com características que são úteis para essas disciplinas.
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Moralidade, idoneidade e convivência : discursos sobre as práticas dos repetidores de classe do INES no período de 1855 a 1910 que incidem na atuação profissional dos tradutores-intérpretes de língua de sinais da atualidadeLaguna, Maria Cristina Viana January 2015 (has links)
Esta dissertação analisa os discursos sobre as práticas dos repetidores de classe em documentos do acervo do Instituto Nacional de Educação de Surdos (INES) no período de 1855 a 1910 que incidem atualmente na atuação dos tradutores-intérpretes de língua de sinais (TILS) no Brasil. Para isso, inspiro-me na noção de discurso de Michel Foucault (1984, 2006, 2008, 2012). Os discursos produzem práticas e constituem modos de ser e de atuar no mundo. Para tratar sobre o TILS, apresento estudos das pesquisadoras Quadros (2004), Rosa (2005) e Santos (2006, 2013), as quais abordam, entre outros temas, algumas histórias que possibilitaram a emergência dessa profissão. Esses estudos são abordados ao longo do trabalho, além de outras leituras com as quais dialogo nesta dissertação, como Rocha (2008, 2009) e Lobo (2008), e as produções realizadas pela Série Histórica do Instituto Nacional de Educação de Surdos publicadas em 2011. Para refletir sobre o contexto da educação, utilizo Faria-Filho (2000), Schueler e Magaldi (2008), Mazzota (2003) e Jannuzzi (2006). Também reflito com as pesquisas de Martins (2008; 2013) e Nantes (2012), que desenvolveram estudos sobre os TILS no campo dos Estudos Foucaultianos. Além do comentador Veiga-Neto (2003, 2006, 2009 e 2012), inspiro-me nos textos de Fischer (2001, 2012) e Castro (2009) para a construção das unidades discursivas. Para as análises, foram extraídos excertos dos documentos, os quais foram agrupados pelas recorrências discursivas em três conjuntos temáticos que tratam sobre a atuação dos repetidores. Esses agrupamentos constituem as unidades de análise, que nomeei como: 1) Discursos morais: sujeitos de boa índole e de bons costumes – nessa unidade, apresento excertos que abordam a questão da exigência de profissionais moralmente aptos para assumir a função de repetidor; 2) Discursos profissionais: a formação pela convivência – unidade formada por excertos que traçam perfis, formações específicas e processos seletivos para o desempenho da função; e 3) Discursos jurídicos: a condução das condutas pelas leis – excertos que se referem a documentos legais que visavam à regulação, ao controle e à condução da atuação dos repetidores. Também faço uma contextualização das condições históricas, políticas e educacionais do Brasil no período que compreende Império e início da República, a fim de apresentar os discursos sobre as práticas dos repetidores de classe. Moralidade, idoneidade e convivência estão entre as principais exigências e hoje são verdades que atravessaram os tempos e incidem diretamente na atuação dos TILS em nosso país. / This dissertation considers the notion of discourse as proposed by Michel Foucault (1984, 2006, 2008, 2012) and analyzes discourses about teaching assistants’ practices found in documents from the files of the National Institute of Deaf Education (INES) from 1855 to 1910 that currently affect the work performed by sign language translators and interpreters (SLTIs) in Brazil. Discourses produce practices and constitute ways of being and acting in the world. In order to address SLTIs, I have used studies carried out by Quadros (2004), Rosa (2005) and Santos (2006, 2013), who have approached, among other topics, some stories that have enabled the emergence of that occupation. Those studies have been addressed along this dissertation, besides other authors that I have considered, such as Rocha (2008, 2009) and Lobo (2008), and productions of the Historical Series of the National Institute of Deaf Education published in 2011. In order to reflect on the education context, I have used works by Faria-Filho (2000), Schueler & Magaldi (2008), Mazzota (2003) and Jannuzzi (2006). I have also reflected with the help from Martins (2008; 2013) and Nantes (2012), who developed studies on SLTIs in the field of Foucauldian Studies. Besides the commentator Veiga-Neto (2003, 2006, 2009, 2012), I have been inspired by texts written by Fischer (2001, 2012) and Castro (2009) for the construction of discursive units. For the analyses, excerpts were taken from documents, which were grouped according to discursive recurrences in three thematic sets dealing with the performance of teaching assistants. The groups constitute the analysis units, which I have named as: 1) Moral discourses: good-natured, moral subjects - in this unit, I have presented excerpts approaching the requirement of morally suited professionals to take on the function of teaching assistants; 2) Professional discourses: education through living together - unit formed by excerpts that trace profiles, specific education and selective processes for the performance of the function; and 3) Juridical discourses: the conduction of conducts by laws - excerpts related to legal documents that aimed at regulating, controlling and guiding the teaching assistants’ action. I have also contextualized the historical, political and educational conditions of Brazil in the period ranging from the Empire to the beginning of the Republic, in order to evidence the discourses about the teaching assistants’ practices. Morality, integrity and living together are some of the major requirements that today are truths that have crossed time and directly incide on SLTI’s action in this country.
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Contextos de Nestor Duarte - direito, sociologia e política / Nestor Duarte contexts: political, social and lawDiego Rafael Ambrosini 17 March 2011 (has links)
Nas páginas de A Ordem Privada e a Organização Política Nacional (1939), Nestor Duarte dialoga com vários dos ensaios de interpretação do Brasil publicados ao longo dos anos trinta. Neste trabalho destacarei três das questões abordadas pelo autor, contrastando sua análise com as posições adotadas por outros participantes do debate daquela década. Eis os pontos examinados: i) seu diagnóstico crítico da permanência de uma lógica privatista na formação histórica da organização social brasileira; ii) sua proposta normativa do Estado como dimensão pública de convivência; e iii) sua defesa da democracia como processo preferencial de pedagogia política. Dessas teses de Duarte emerge uma ácida crítica do regime forte e centralizado do Estado Novo, em claro antagonismo com o proposto, por exemplo, por um pensador como Oliveira Vianna. / In the pages of his book A Ordem Privada e a Organização Política Nacional (1939), Nestor Duarte establishes a dialog with many of the so called interpretations of Brazil essays, published during the 1930s. In the present work, I have selected three questions dealt by Duarte in his essay, and tried to contrast them with positions preferred by other authors of the period. The points examined are: i) his critical diagnosis of the permanence of a privatist logic in the historical formation of brazilian social organization; ii) his normative proposal of a State understood as a public or communal dimension; e iii) his defence of democracy as a process of political pedagogy. From Duartes thesis emerges a acid critique of the strong and centralized State of the Estado Novo regime, in clear opposition with the proposals of a writer such as Oliveira Vianna, for instance.
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Moralidade, idoneidade e convivência : discursos sobre as práticas dos repetidores de classe do INES no período de 1855 a 1910 que incidem na atuação profissional dos tradutores-intérpretes de língua de sinais da atualidadeLaguna, Maria Cristina Viana January 2015 (has links)
Esta dissertação analisa os discursos sobre as práticas dos repetidores de classe em documentos do acervo do Instituto Nacional de Educação de Surdos (INES) no período de 1855 a 1910 que incidem atualmente na atuação dos tradutores-intérpretes de língua de sinais (TILS) no Brasil. Para isso, inspiro-me na noção de discurso de Michel Foucault (1984, 2006, 2008, 2012). Os discursos produzem práticas e constituem modos de ser e de atuar no mundo. Para tratar sobre o TILS, apresento estudos das pesquisadoras Quadros (2004), Rosa (2005) e Santos (2006, 2013), as quais abordam, entre outros temas, algumas histórias que possibilitaram a emergência dessa profissão. Esses estudos são abordados ao longo do trabalho, além de outras leituras com as quais dialogo nesta dissertação, como Rocha (2008, 2009) e Lobo (2008), e as produções realizadas pela Série Histórica do Instituto Nacional de Educação de Surdos publicadas em 2011. Para refletir sobre o contexto da educação, utilizo Faria-Filho (2000), Schueler e Magaldi (2008), Mazzota (2003) e Jannuzzi (2006). Também reflito com as pesquisas de Martins (2008; 2013) e Nantes (2012), que desenvolveram estudos sobre os TILS no campo dos Estudos Foucaultianos. Além do comentador Veiga-Neto (2003, 2006, 2009 e 2012), inspiro-me nos textos de Fischer (2001, 2012) e Castro (2009) para a construção das unidades discursivas. Para as análises, foram extraídos excertos dos documentos, os quais foram agrupados pelas recorrências discursivas em três conjuntos temáticos que tratam sobre a atuação dos repetidores. Esses agrupamentos constituem as unidades de análise, que nomeei como: 1) Discursos morais: sujeitos de boa índole e de bons costumes – nessa unidade, apresento excertos que abordam a questão da exigência de profissionais moralmente aptos para assumir a função de repetidor; 2) Discursos profissionais: a formação pela convivência – unidade formada por excertos que traçam perfis, formações específicas e processos seletivos para o desempenho da função; e 3) Discursos jurídicos: a condução das condutas pelas leis – excertos que se referem a documentos legais que visavam à regulação, ao controle e à condução da atuação dos repetidores. Também faço uma contextualização das condições históricas, políticas e educacionais do Brasil no período que compreende Império e início da República, a fim de apresentar os discursos sobre as práticas dos repetidores de classe. Moralidade, idoneidade e convivência estão entre as principais exigências e hoje são verdades que atravessaram os tempos e incidem diretamente na atuação dos TILS em nosso país. / This dissertation considers the notion of discourse as proposed by Michel Foucault (1984, 2006, 2008, 2012) and analyzes discourses about teaching assistants’ practices found in documents from the files of the National Institute of Deaf Education (INES) from 1855 to 1910 that currently affect the work performed by sign language translators and interpreters (SLTIs) in Brazil. Discourses produce practices and constitute ways of being and acting in the world. In order to address SLTIs, I have used studies carried out by Quadros (2004), Rosa (2005) and Santos (2006, 2013), who have approached, among other topics, some stories that have enabled the emergence of that occupation. Those studies have been addressed along this dissertation, besides other authors that I have considered, such as Rocha (2008, 2009) and Lobo (2008), and productions of the Historical Series of the National Institute of Deaf Education published in 2011. In order to reflect on the education context, I have used works by Faria-Filho (2000), Schueler & Magaldi (2008), Mazzota (2003) and Jannuzzi (2006). I have also reflected with the help from Martins (2008; 2013) and Nantes (2012), who developed studies on SLTIs in the field of Foucauldian Studies. Besides the commentator Veiga-Neto (2003, 2006, 2009, 2012), I have been inspired by texts written by Fischer (2001, 2012) and Castro (2009) for the construction of discursive units. For the analyses, excerpts were taken from documents, which were grouped according to discursive recurrences in three thematic sets dealing with the performance of teaching assistants. The groups constitute the analysis units, which I have named as: 1) Moral discourses: good-natured, moral subjects - in this unit, I have presented excerpts approaching the requirement of morally suited professionals to take on the function of teaching assistants; 2) Professional discourses: education through living together - unit formed by excerpts that trace profiles, specific education and selective processes for the performance of the function; and 3) Juridical discourses: the conduction of conducts by laws - excerpts related to legal documents that aimed at regulating, controlling and guiding the teaching assistants’ action. I have also contextualized the historical, political and educational conditions of Brazil in the period ranging from the Empire to the beginning of the Republic, in order to evidence the discourses about the teaching assistants’ practices. Morality, integrity and living together are some of the major requirements that today are truths that have crossed time and directly incide on SLTI’s action in this country.
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MATVOX-02 = extensão de recursos e planos de avaliação de um aplicativo matemático programável para deficientes visuais / MATVOX-02 : extension of resources and assessment plans of a programmable mathematical application for the visually impairedSilveira, Henrique da Mota 19 August 2018 (has links)
Orientador: Luiz César Martini / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Elétrica e de Computação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-19T20:49:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
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Previous issue date: 2012 / Resumo: Este trabalho apresenta o aplicativo MATVOX como uma alternativa à falta de recursos voltados para pessoas com deficiência visual, tanto para o ensino como para o dia a dia nas áreas de ciências exatas. Basicamente, o MATVOX é uma calculadora programável que é funcional a partir do editor de texto do sistema gratuito DOSVOX, que é um sistema de apoio à pessoa com deficiência visual que tem como fundamento o uso da síntese de voz. O MATVOX surgiu em 2010 com o objetivo de proporcionar a seus usuários a implementação de algoritmos e cálculos matemáticos. Apesar do MATVOX já ter demonstrado ser uma poderosa ferramenta e estar em uso por muitos usuários, identificou-se a necessidade de aperfeiçoamento em quesitos funcionais (desenvolvendo novos recursos) e também em avaliações com usuários. Estas avaliações foram conduzidas através da aplicação das técnicas de Avaliação Heurística Participativa e Testes Beta no Centro Cultural Louis Braille de Campinas. Em síntese, os resultados desta pesquisa foram: uma nova versão do MATVOX, cujas novas funcionalidades incorporam principalmente cálculos de números complexos, matrizes e equações polinomiais; e constatações que foram obtidas durante as avaliações com usuários / Abstract: This study presents the MATVOX application as an alternative to the lack of resources directed to people with visual impairments, useful for the learning and the daily actions turned to the exact sciences areas. Basically, MATVOX is a programmable calculator that works from the text editor which is part of the free system DOSVOX - a support system for people with visual impairments based on the use of speech synthesis. The MATVOX emerged in 2010 aiming to provide an implementation of algorithms and mathematical calculations to the users. The MATVOX has already proven to be a powerful tool and it is in use by many users, however, we identified the need of improvement in functional questions (developing new resources) and also in assessments with users. These assessments were led by applying the Participatory Heuristic Evaluation and Beta Testing techniques at the Centro Cultural Louis Braille de Campinas. In summary, the results of this research were: a new version of the MATVOX, with new features that mainly incorporate complex numbers calculations, matrices and polynomial equations; and findings that were obtained during the assessments with users / Mestrado / Telecomunicações e Telemática / Mestre em Engenharia Elétrica
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Strong-DISM: A First Attempt to a Dynamically Typed Assembly Language (D-TAL)Hernandez, Ivory 03 November 2017 (has links)
Dynamically Typed Assembly Language (D-TAL) is not only a lightweight and effective solution to the gap generated by the drop in security produced by the translation of high-level language instructions to low-level language instructions, but it considerably eases up the burden generated by the level of complexity required to implement typed assembly languages statically. Although there are tradeoffs between the static and dynamic approaches, focusing on a dynamic approach leads to simpler, easier to reason about, and more feasible ways to understand deployment of types over monomorphically-typed or untyped intermediate languages. On this occasion, DISM, a simple but powerful and mature untyped assembly language, is extended by the addition of type annotations (on memory and registers) to produce an instance of D-TAL. Strong-DISM, the resulting language, statically, lends itself to simpler analysis about type access and security as the correlation between datatypes and instructions with their respective memory and registers becomes simpler to observe; while dynamically, it disallows operations and further eliminates conditions that from high level languages could be used to violate/circumvent security.
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Vývoj tlumočnických dovedností / Interpreting skills developmentRambousková, Hana January 2016 (has links)
The present thesis addresses the issue of the impact of two independent variables - speech rate and interpreters' experience - on the length of time lag in simultaneous interpreting from English to Czech. Time lag, or ear-voice-span (EVS), in simultaneous interpreting is the time difference between the input in source language and the output in target language. The study comprises of two parts. The first, theoretical part summarises the current state of research on the subject. The second, empirical part compares the average EVS in excerpts of sixty simultaneous interpreting renditions uttered by forty-nine subjects divided into two speech rate categories and three experiential categories. The aim is to find out, firstly, whether there are any differences in EVS length based on speech rate, and, secondly, how the interpreters' level of experience influences their EVS length. The first main finding is that a higher speech rate leads, on average, to a shorter EVS than an optimal speech rate; this does not, however, apply in the case of professional interpreters - their EVS length is not affected by speech rate. The second main finding is that the interpreters' level of experience influences EVS length significantly: the more experienced the subjects, the shorter their EVS on average. While evaluating...
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Behaviour problems in primary schools in Mamelodi : an ecological constructionTimm, Victoria Margaret 20 November 2008 (has links)
The focus of this dissertation is to explore contextually relevant ideas through conversation around behaviour problems, specifically bullying, experienced in primary schools situated in the township of Mamelodi. The study explores the relationship around bullying between the members of the school staff involved with the children, the children identified as manifesting bullying behaviour, their families and any relevant community system or individuals as identified by the research participants themselves through conversation. It focuses on providing a description of experiences around bullying behaviour facing the participants by exploring their own perspectives and meanings around their situation and any possible solutions that they may offer. The focus is of an exploratory and descriptive nature to provide a basis for an intervention that is contextually relevant to this community by acknowledging these locally constructed discourses. An ecological approach within a postmodern social constructionist theoretical backdrop is chosen for this study. It is an approach that emphasises the importance of context and the social constructionist influence emphasises the importance of language. Three primary schools in the Mamelodi Township were approached to participate. One ecological case study from one of the three schools is used in the analysis to explore the aims of this research. Data was gathered through semi-structured open-ended interviews. Discourse analysis is used to construct the various discourses emerging from the conversations resulting from the interviews. Through the discourse analysis the various meanings, experience or understanding around bullying are constructed. The interaction of these various discourses and influence that they have on each other are also considered. The possible influence of background discourses of the wider community and society are included. These discourses are presented not as truths but as a plausible a construction of an ecology of bullying grounded in background and events. Using theses discourses some of the possible implications for a contextually and locally relevant intervention programme and further ideas for research are suggested. As the study focuses on contextual relevance, arguments around indigenous psychology, cross cultural research and the role of interpreters are also considered. / Dissertation (MA)--University of Pretoria, 2008. / Psychology / unrestricted
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Sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av att vårda patienter/närstående med annan språklig/kulturell bakgrund – en litteraturstudieLarsson, Emelie, Löfdahl, Elaine January 2021 (has links)
Bakgrund: Inom svensk vård idag möter personalen varje dag hinder. Kommunikation är en viktig del av omvårdnad och patienter behöver kunna kommunicera om sina upplevelser till sjuksköterskan. Språkliga barriärer anses som ett hinder till detta. Dessa barriärer är en frånvaro av kommunikation mellan personer som talar olika språk. Enligt svensk lagstiftning (SFS 2017:900) har alla som är i behov av tolk rätt att få det. Kultur är något annat som vårdpersonal möter ofta, begreppet kultur betyder att något delas av en grupp människor som har samma värderingar, tro, ritualer samt beteenden som reflekteras i hur de lever. Patienter upplever ofta att de är sårbara, maktlösa och frustrerade på sjukvården när barriärer finns. Syfte: Syftet med denna litteraturstudie är att beskriva sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av att vårda patienter/närstående med annan språklig/kulturell bakgrund. Metod: Deskriptiv litteraturstudie. 12 artiklar identifierades genom databasen Medline via PubMed. Artiklarna har analyserats och tematiseras till litteraturstudien. Resultat: Sjuksköterskor upplevde att språkbarriärer påverkade vården. Sjuksköterskor ansåg även att det var svårt att bedriva kulturellt kompetent vård. Det var även svårt att lära sig och komma ihåg de kulturella preferenserna från varje kultur då det finns så många. Sjuksköterskorna själva kände sig oroliga över de kulturella situationerna som uppstår och hur de skulle hantera dessa. Tolkar används flitigt men sjuksköterskor talade om många faktorer som påverkar användningen. Andra typer av kommunikation i jämförelse med verbal kommunikation när tolk inte fanns tillgänglig visade sig vara bra. Slutsats: I denna litteraturstudie har författarna kommit till resultatet att språkliga och kulturella barriärer på olika sätt försvårar omvårdnadsarbetet för yrkesverksamma sjuksköterskor. Resultatet i föreliggande litteraturstudie visar att flera av de studerade artiklarnas deltagare enas om att kulturella och språkliga barriärer är något som påverkar vården. Som sjuksköterska vore det fördelaktigt med utbildning inom kulturer och de kulturella barriärer som de kan ge upphov till. I resultatet fann författarna även att sjuksköterskor ansåg detta vara ett svårt område att erhålla utbildning inom. / Background: In the Swedish health care system, the staff face obstacles every day. Communication is a crucial part of caring and patients need to be able to communicate their experiences to the nurse. Language barriers are considered one of these obstacles. Language barriers form an absence of communication between people who speak different languages. According to Swedish law (SFS 2017:900), people who are in need of interpretation have the right to get an interpreter. Culture is another phenomenon health care providers often face. The concept of culture means the sharing of values, faith, rituals and behaviors shared between people. This reflects on their way of life. Patients often experience vulnerability, the sense of powerlessness, and frustration directed to the health care phenomenon when barriers like these are present. Aim: The aim of this literature review is to describe nurses’ experiences of caring for patients/families with a different linguistic/cultural background. Methods: Descriptive literature review. 12 articles were identified through Medline via Pubmed. The articles have been analysed and themed in this literature review. Results: Nurses experienced that language barriers affected the care. Nurses also found it difficult to conduct culturally competent care. There were also difficulties with learning and remembering the cultural preferences of the many cultures. The nurses felt worried about the cultural situations that occur and how to handle these. Interpreters were frequently used, but nurses described many factors that interfere with the use of interpreters. Other ways of communication compared to verbal communication when no interpreter was available was proven to be of use. Conclusion: In this literature review, the authors have come to the results that language- and cultural barriers affect registered nurses’ caring work in different ways. The results of this literature review showed that several of the included studies’ participants agree that cultural and language barriers affect the care. As a nurse, it would be advantageous to have access to education in different cultures and the barriers that emerge from them. The results also showed that nurses thought it was difficult to obtain education on this subject.
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INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION AS EXPERIENCED BY NURSES WORKING IN CULTURALLY DIVERSE INDIAN HOSPITALSNilsson, Agnes, Larsen, Risa January 2018 (has links)
Syfte: Syftet med studien var att skapa djupare förståelse kring sjuksköterskors upplevelse av mellanmänsklig kommunikation med patienter med annan kulturell bakgrund. Bakgrund: Kommunikation spelar en viktig roll i kulturen och är en stor del av relationen mellan individer. Kommmunikation är en grundbult i sjuksköterskans arbete och är av högsta vikt för att kunna erbjuda en patientcentrerad och säker vård. Transkulturell medvetenhet är essentiellt för god vård, speciellt som världen blir alltmer mångkulturell. Såväl sjukvårdsturism som utökade globala samarbeten inom Hälso- och sjukvården ökar kraven på kulturell kompetens bland sjuksköterskor. Indien är ett föregångarland inom sjukvårdsturism och människor från olika kulturell bakgrund reser dit för sjukvård. Metod: Semistrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes med 12 sjuksköterskor mellan 23 och 53 år från två indiska sjukhus. Sjuksköterskorna möter ofta patienter med olika kulturell bakgrund. En tematisk innehållsanalys utfördes på det insamlade materialet. Resultat: Två tematiska inriktningar framkom från materialet; ett tema med fokus på praktiska verktyg och tekniker för att arbeta med patienter med annan kulturell bakgrund och det andra temat handlar om att bibehålla vårdkvaliteten. Utökade språkkunskaper och kommunikationsverktyg skulle underlätta sjuksköterskans arbete. Kulturell medvetenhet leder till ett ökat självförtroende hos sjuksköterskan och hjälper denna förutse eventuella behov hos patienten. Slutsats: Transkulturell medvetenhet och kommunikationsverktyg bidrar till en säkrare och mer effektiv vård. Sjuksköterskeutbildningen behöver lägga mer fokus på kulturell mångfald inom hälso- och sjukvård. Mer forskning krävs inom detta område då vården globaliseras allt mer. / Aim: The aim of the study was to gain a deeper understanding of interpersonal communication as experienced by nurses working in culturally diverse hospitals in India. Background: Communication is an important part of culture and a base in any interpersonal relationship. Communication is a foundation in the nursing occupation in order to give patient centered care which is safe and effective. Transcultural awareness in nursing is an important factor in order to give good care, especially as the world is becoming more multicultural. Medical tourism along with the expanding network of global interactions in healthcare ads to the necessity of developing culturally competent nursing care. India in one of the forerunners in medical tourism and cares for patients from many different cultural backgrounds. Method: Semi-structured interviews were conducted on a sample of 12 nurses between the age of 23 and 53, working with diverse patients at two different hospitals in India. A thematic content analysis was performed. Results: The developed themes focus on specific tools and techniques for working with culturally diverse patients and how to sustain the quality of care in diverse hospital settings. Language resources and tool which aid in communication would alleviate the nurses work. Cultural knowledge helps the nurses gain confidence and foresee possible needs of the patient. Conclusion: Highlighting transcultural interpersonal communication techniques within nursing leads to a safer and more productive practice of nursing care. Nursing education needs to prioritize cultural diversity in health care. More research needs to be conducted on the subject of interpersonal communication in culturally diverse hospital settings since healthcare is a continuously growing globalized organization.
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