The thesis focuses on the status of court interpreters in the Czech Republic as a party cooperating with state authorities (courts and police) mainly in criminal proceedings. It aims to explore the work conditions of court interpreters in the Czech Republic. The thesis consists of two parts. The first part describes general features of court interpreting, the legal framework of court interpreting in the Czech Republic, the settings of court interpreting and the role of different participants of criminal proceedings. The second part examines the status of court interpreters in the Czech Republic through a questionnaire-based survey and interviews with court interpreters, representatives of courts and police officers. The survey showed that state authorities are not fully aware of the difficulty of court interpreting and do not create entirely suitable conditions for its practice. Considering also the low compensation of court interpreters, their status in the Czech Republic is rather problematic. The thesis was partly written in connection with the European project IMPLI (Improving Police and Legal Interpreting). Key-words: court interpreting, criminal proceedings, courts, police, act on experts and interpreters.

The present theoretical-empirical thesis deals with the comparison of three types of interpreting performance assessment: teacher assessment, evaluation by other students in the group (peer assessment) and self-assessment of the student interpreter. The theoretical part is a review of existing literature on general approaches to the different types of assessment, their importance in the acquisition of interpreting skills, recommended methods of interpreting performance assessment and their use in the training of consecutive interpreting. The empirical part of the thesis is a qualitative longitudinal study, involving students of the third and therefore the final year of the bachelor's degree programme in translation- interpreting (intercultural communication). The aim of the thesis is to identify the similarities and differences between different types of assessment and how the assessment developed over the period of the research. The study also examines how the self-assessment and peer evaluation of students studying interpreting only in the English-Czech combination differ from those of students who study interpreting of English in combination with another foreign language, and thus attend twice the number of practical interpretation seminars. KEY WORDS teacher assessment, peer assessment,...

A research report submitted to the Faculty of Humanities, University of Witwatersrand Johannesburg, in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of Masters of Arts, 2016 / This study focuses on the aesthetics and ethics of translating African literature, using a case of two of D.O. Fagunwa’s Yoruba novels, namely; Igbo Olodumare (1949) translated by Wole Soyinka as In the Forest of Olodumare (2010) and Adiitu Olodumare (1961) translated by Olu Obafemi as The Mysteries of God (2012). More specifically, the overall aim of this study is to determine the positions of these target texts on the domestication and foreignization continuum. The study of these texts is carried out using a descriptive and systemic theoretical framework, based on Descriptive Translation Studies (DTS), Polysystem theory and the notion of norms of translational behaviour. The descriptive approach is extended by drawing on ideological and ethical approaches to translating postcolonial and marginalized literature. Lambert and Van Gorp’s model for the description of translation products is used in exploring the position of Fagunwa’s translated novels in the target literary system. A close comparative analysis of a number of extracts from the two target texts and their corresponding source texts is conducted in order to determine the approaches taken by both translators in their translation of the distinctive stylistic features of Fagunwa’s prose. Building on the work of Christopher Fotheringham (2015) in the field of stylistic analysis of translated African prose, this study describes and analyses the occurrence of shifts of formal literary features between these target texts and their corresponding source texts. This is done by employing Antoine Berman’s scheme of deforming tendencies and Anton Popovič’s scheme of stylistic shifts as the basis for the translational shift analysis. / GR2017

A research report submitted to the Faculty of Humanities, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Translation Johannesburg, March 2016 / The study provides a comparative and contrastive analysis of Calixthe Beyala’s novel, C'est le soleil qui m'a brûlée, and its translation, The Sun Hath Looked upon Me, by Marjolijn de Jager focusing on textual, paratextual and metatextual elements of these two texts. The analysis shows how the translator dealt with the disruptive stylistic effects of a postcolonial text and the themes around which the novel is centred. Problems and solutions related to postcolonial translations and relevant theories are approached in the analysis. The textual analysis is done using Gérard Genette’s (1997) model of analysis of the elements of the paratext and Vinay and Darbelnet’s (1995) model of comparative analysis of French and English. / GR2017

University of Macau / Faculty of Arts and Humanities. / Department of Portuguese

Comment définir un professionnel de la traduction et de l’interprétation judiciaire ? Aujourd’hui le métier de traducteur et d’interprète judiciaire en France et en Espagne est en voie de professionnalisation. Les structures professionnelles – formation, associations, régulation de l’État – contribuent à cette transformation de même que les attitudes favorables à la professionnalisation des praticiens, autrement dit le professionnalisme. Nous avons constaté que les travaux en traductologie n’ont pas développé la notion de professionnalisme et ont accordé une place centrale à la formation, laissant souvent de côté les aspects attitudinaux. Par ailleurs, la formation se révèle comme un critère de différenciation des traducteurs et interprètes, distinguant ceux qui sont diplômés en traduction – qualifiés de « professionnels » – de ceux qui ont acquis des compétences en traduction par la pratique – qualifiés de « natifs » (« naturels » ou « non-professionnels »). Cette thèse interroge cette dernière distinction et propose un modèle pour l’étude du professionnalisme centré sur cinq dimensions : l’idéal de service, l’intérêt pour les associations professionnelles et pour la qualité-efficacité dans la réalisation des tâches, les souhaits d’amélioration des conditions de travail et enfin les références en principes éthiques. Par le recours à ce modèle, notre travail explore les différences de professionnalisme entre traducteurs et interprètes judiciaires « natifs » et « professionnels » travaillant en France et en Espagne à partir d’entretiens biographiques. Les résultats avancent que l’interaction entre les acteurs interviewés et les structures professionnelles autres que la formation, détermine la définition du professionnalisme et du professionnel de la traduction. / What defines a professional on the field of legal translation and court interpretation? Nowadays, France and Spain are in the process of professionalizing this field. Even now, professional structures like a formal education, organizations and state regulations are contributing to this transformation, as well as demonstrating a favorable attitude towards the professionalization from its practitioners. In other words, professionalism. We have noticed that translation studies do not have a notion of professionalism, but keep a central role in formal education, which in effect neglects its attitudinal aspects. Furthermore, a formal education becomes the differentiation between translators and interpreters, distinguishing those who are certified in translation (qualified as “professionals”) from those who have acquired their translation skills through practice (qualified as “natives”, “naturals” or “non-professionals”). This thesis draws into question the above differentiation and proposes a model that studies professionalism focused on five aspects: the ideals of service, the interest for professional associations and quality-efficiency in task completion, the desire to improve working conditions and finally the standards in ethical principles. Through the use of this model, we performed biographical interviews to explore the differences in professionalism between “natives” and “professional” legal translators and court interpreters who work in France and Spain. The results indicate that, the interaction between the interviewees and the professional structures, other than a formal education, determines the definition of professionalism and of a translation professional.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:23:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Jose Maria Camara Junior.pdf: 1711321 bytes, checksum: d34cc8f1d013d316617cf302241e7fad (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-10 / The author intends to highlight the role of the interpreter, approaching the Procedure from the point of view of the Constitution. In order to do that, he observes the effectiveness crisis of judicial protection without trying to investigate its determinants and factors, focusing on the challenges of interpretation to properly identify the content and approach of procedural rules before its substantial changes that established a new outlook on the process of enforcing court judgments, in the attempt to provide greater speed and efficiency for the procedural course. Without intending to exhaust all procedural aspects of the enforcement of a judgment, the study wanted to raise training elements of opinion, from the techniques of interpretation of legal rules to then look into the jurisdiction and the process and then highlight specific procedural aspects which are interesting to hermeneutics in an attempt to harmonize the application of the rules to the principles that inform the civil proceedings, which had been sheltered by the federal constitution. Results pointed out that the modern civil procedure, whether to print a constitutional profile, identified by doctrine, and which requires the interpreter a duty to balance law to an effective judicial protection with the guarantee of cross examination and legal defense, with prevalence of due process of law by not allowing freedom of interpretation to determine an undesirable picture of insecurity and unpredictability. Therefore, the author clearly shows his concern for confrontation of some differences in detecting the normative content. The constitutional profile of civil procedure conducts the interpretation of the rules that apply to the enforcement of a judicial decision, allowing them to extract the best possible effectiveness to the judicial acts. Thus, the paper offered the author's contribution to the perspective that the law enforcers might think of a new civil procedure and change the reality that applies to those submitted to the judicial system / O autor pretende destacar o papel do intérprete à luz do perfil constitucional do processo e, para tanto, observa a crise de efetividade da tutela jurisdicional, deixando de reservar espaço na investigação de seus diversos fatores determinantes para centralizar sua atenção nos desafios da interpretação para melhor identificar o conteúdo e o alcance das normas processuais diante das alterações legislativas que estabeleceram um novo panorama para a execução dos títulos judiciais, com ênfase para as obrigações de pagar, na tentativa de conferir maior celeridade e eficiência para a marcha processual. Sem pretender abordar todos os aspectos processuais do cumprimento da sentença, o estudo quer levantar elementos de formação de opinião, a partir das técnicas de interpretação das normas jurídicas para, em seguida, debruçar-se sobre a jurisdição e o processo, e, então, destacar aspectos processuais específicos que despertam interesse para a hermenêutica, na tentativa de harmonizar a aplicação das normas em relação aos princípios que informam o processo civil, albergados pela Constituição federal. O estudo permitiu constatar que se deve imprimir ao processo civil moderno um perfil constitucional, identificado pela doutrina, e que impõe ao intérprete o dever de balancear o direito a uma prestação jurisdicional célere e efetiva, com a garantia da ampla defesa e do contraditório e a prevalência do devido processo legal, não permitindo que a liberdade no exercício interpretativo possa determinar um quadro indesejável de insegurança e de imprevisibilidade. Desse modo, foi possível constatar a preocupação do autor com o enfrentamento de algumas divergências na extração do teor da norma. O perfil constitucional do processo civil serve como fio condutor para os métodos de interpretação das normas que disciplinam a fase de cumprimento da sentença, permitindo que delas se possa extrair melhor aproveitamento para atribuir efetividade aos atos da jurisdição. Desse modo, o trabalho é uma a contribuição do autor na perspectiva de que os aplicadores do direito possam pensar um novo processo civil e alterar a realidade a que se submetem os jurisdicionados

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T16:59:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Claudio Monteiro Veras.pdf: 4249073 bytes, checksum: 41c68af8035f40748c3fa29064cd929b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-06-01 / Secretaria da Educação do Estado de São Paulo / The objective of this research is to investigate the comprehension of a group of classroom teachers in a collaborative group, they teach math in early grades, in relation to the activities of Statistics, considering praxeological organization and specifically the understandings that these teachers have in relation to construction and reading graphs and tables into consideration the levels proposed by Curcio and Wainer. In order to answer the following research question "What are the contributions that training within a collaborative group, brings to the formation of a group of classroom teachers?" We develop a survey, which had 16 primary school teachers attended a collaborative group. The data were collected in five meetings, in which four issues were worked out-situations involving reading and constructing graphs and tables and a meeting of a questionnaire to final diagnoses as our training in the collaborative group. This analysis showed a significant performance by these teachers with regard to reading and constructing graphs and tables, according to the levels proposed by Curcio and Wainer, thereby verified that the group collaboration was effective for the formation of this group of teachers / O objetivo desta pesquisa é investigar a compreensão de um grupo de professores polivalentes em um grupo colaborativo, que ensinam matemática nas séries iniciais, em relação às atividades de Estatística, considerando a Organização Praxeológica e especificamente as compreensões que esses professores apresentam em relação à construção e leitura de gráficos e tabelas considerando os níveis propostos por Curcio e Wainer. Com a finalidade de responder a seguinte questão de pesquisa Quais as contribuições que uma formação, dentro de um grupo colaborativo, traz para a formação de um grupo de professores polivalentes? Para tanto, desenvolvemos uma pesquisa, na qual contou com 16 professores polivalentes na qual participaram de um grupo colaborativo. Os dados coletados foram em cinco encontros, na qual quatro foram trabalhados situações-problemas envolvendo leitura e construção de gráficos e tabelas e um encontro aplicação de um questionário final para diagnosticar como foi nossa formação no grupo colaborativo. Essa análise mostrou um desempenho significativo por parte desses professores no que diz respeito à leitura e construção de gráficos e tabelas, segundo os níveis propostos por Curcio e Wainer, desse modo verificamos que o grupo colaborativo foi eficiente para a formação desse grupo de professores

Much research on reading comprehension has been done with native readers in mind; however, this study deals with reading comprehension problems for non-native readers - Vietnamese students of English. The study begins with a description of the interpreters and translators training at the Hanoi Foreign Languages College. Based on the aims and objectives of the training course the study emphasises the importance of teaching reading skills to Vietnamese interpreter and translator students in the first, second and third year. To deal with this problem, the study overviews relevant theoretical issues of reading skills presented in current literature with the purpose of relating these to the realities of teaching reading in a particular context in Vietnam. The study then looks at the main problems of teaching reading skills in the English Interpreter Department at the Hanoi Foreign Languages College. Focus has been placed on the analysis of some difficulties encountered by Vietnamese students reading English in an attempt to answer the pertinent question 'Why is it difficult for Vietnamese students to read English?' Consequently, the study considers ways in which the teaching of reading skills to Vietnamese students of interpreting and translating may be improved. The study is also concerned with the selection and development of materials and then proposes a reading syllabus in order to promote more rapid and efficient progress in the teaching of reading skills. Finally, the writer makes some suggestions about how to improve the situation of teaching reading to her colleagues in the EFL area based on her own teaching experience.

<p>This thesis examines how two narrators construe their experiences of the same events differently through the linguistic choices that they make, through a systemic functional analysis, as well as a genre analysis of two testimonies. The Human Rights Violations (HRV) hearings of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) allowed testifiers to tell stories of their experiences during apartheid. The selected testimonies refer to the events that led up to the arrest and eventual torture of Faried Muhammad Ferhelst, as told by himself and his mother, Minnie Louisa Ferhelst. Theframeworks used to analyse the testimonies are drawn from the transitivity and genre theories of Systemic Functional Linguistics. A clausal analysis of the transitivity patterns is used to compare the ways in which the testifiers construct their identities and roles when recounting their stories. The transitivity analysis of both testimonies shows that both Mrs Ferhelst and Faried Ferhelst construe themselves as the Affected participant through Material, Mental and Verbal clauses, and construe the police as the Causers, mostly through Material clauses. A genre analysis revealed that both testimonies took the form of narratives, in particular the Recount, a typical genre for relating narratives of personal experience. This research project also explores how the original Afrikaans versions of the testimonies differ from the translated English versions, available online on the TRC website. The Afrikaans versions were transcribed by the researcher from&nbsp / audio-visual records. A transitivity analysis reveals that the interpretation of the Afrikaans testimonies is fairly accurate, with a minimum loss of meaning. Thus in the case of these testimonies, the&nbsp / actual online record in English is an accurate reflection of their stories.</p>