A Síndrome de Van der Woude (VWS) se caracteriza pela presença de fossetas congênitas no lábio inferior, associadas ou não à presença de fissura de lábio e/ou palato. Esta entidade é a forma sindrômica mais comum nos pacientes portadores de fissura labiopalatal, mesmo assim, ela é subdiagnosticada. Após o seqüenciamento do DNA, no ano de 2001, houve um aumento no interesse e no desenvolvimento de pesquisas na área de Genética Molecular Humana. Em 2002, pesquisadores identificaram no cromossomo 1, o gene IRF6 como sendo o responsável pela VWS. Neste trabalho, foram utilizados e analisados os prontuários de pacientes cadastrados e portadores da VWS do Hospital de Reabilitação de Anomalias Craniofaciais - HRAC - USP, juntamente com seus familiares em primeiro-grau portadores de fissura de lábio e/ou palato, com ou sem fossetas, totalizando 22 pacientes. Foram realizados exames clínicos e radiográficos, medidas antropométricas, sialometria e heredograma de todos os pacientes. Os resultados obtidos foram confrontados com os dados resultantes do estudo genético e molecular realizado por LIMA (2005), em sua tese de Doutorado. Observamos que os achados bucais são bastante comuns no fenótipo da VWS, já que em nossa amostra tivemos 68,20% dos pacientes com alguma anomalia dentária do desenvolvimento e 45,45% dos portadores da síndrome apresentavam pelo menos ausência de um dente. Sendo assim, o cirurgião-dentista tem importância chave tanto no diagnóstico e na avaliação bucal, quanto no tratamento dos pacientes portadores da VWS. / The Van der Woude syndrome (VWS) is characterized by the presence of congenital lower lip pits associated or not to cleft lip and/or palate. This disorder is the most common syndrome affecting patients with cleft lip and palate; despite of that, it is underdiagnosed. After DNA sequencing in 2001, there was an increase in the interest and development of studies on Human Molecular Genetics. In 2002, investigators identified the gene IRF6 on chromosome 1 as being responsible for the VWS. The present study comprised analysis of records of patients with VWS registered at the Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies - HRAC - USP, as well as their first-degree relatives with cleft lip and/or palate without lip pits, adding up to 22 patients. Analysis comprised clinical and radiographic examinations, anthropometric measurements, salivary flow rate and genealogy of all patients. The results were compared with data on genetic and molecular investigations conducted in the PhD thesis of LIMA (2005). The oral findings in the present sample are very common in the phenotype of VWS, since 68.20% of patients had some type of developmental dental anomaly, and agenesis of at least one tooth was observed in 45.45% of patients. Therefore, dental professionals play a fundamental role in the diagnosis, oral examination and treatment of patients with VWS.

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2018-03-14T12:01:51Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Eduardo Olavo Neves Canto Neto.pdf: 1003033 bytes, checksum: d7f2325706723d7ed3bb0918b71d4d31 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-14T12:01:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Eduardo Olavo Neves Canto Neto.pdf: 1003033 bytes, checksum: d7f2325706723d7ed3bb0918b71d4d31 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-16 / The text basically intends to demonstrate the importance of criminal investigation as an almost always present antecedent of the criminal prosecution in a Democratic State of Law. Based on an interpretation compatible with the constitutional principles, especially with regard to the double face of proportionality and its positive guarantee bias, it was sought to review the main criminal procedural postulates contained in the Major Law. In the sequence, the concept of the criminal investigation activity was approached, approaching its historical aspects, without neglecting its characteristics and purposes. Continuous, it was the origins of the Public Ministry, exclusive holder of the public criminal action, as well as of its structure in the exterior and in Brazil. In this line, considering the current formatting of Parquet, aimed at solving issues relevant to society without the need to be provoked to that extent, notes were drawn up on opposing theses and favorable to ministerial research. In order to bring some concreteness to the ideas exposed, mechanisms of obtaining evidence were indicated, with a brief analysis of those most used in the investigative activity. During the course, there were also brief considerations about the procedural systems, always with the eyes focused on the investigation by the Public Prosecution Service. The objective, quite honestly, was to present a critical and consistent view of the Brazilian reality, including what it says about the limitations that reach the organs in the provision of public services of undoubted relevance / O texto tem, basicamente, a intenção de demonstrar a importância da investigação criminal como antecedente quase sempre presente da ação penal condenatória num Estado Democrático de Direito. A partir de uma interpretação compatível com os princípios constitucionais, especialmente no que diz respeito à dupla face da proporcionalidade e seu viés de garantismo positivo, procurou-se passar em revista os principais postulados processuais penais contidos na Lei Maior. Na sequência, foi abordado o conceito da atividade de investigação criminal, abordando seus aspectos históricos, sem descuidar de suas características e finalidades. Ato contínuo, tratou-se das origens do Ministério Público, titular exclusivo da ação penal pública, bem como de sua estrutura no exterior e no Brasil. Nessa linha, considerando a formatação atual do Parquet, voltada à resolução de questões relevantes à sociedade sem a necessidade de ser provocado a tanto, foram elaborados apontamentos acerca das teses contrárias e favoráveis à investigação ministerial. Procurando trazer certa concretude às ideias expostas, foram indicados mecanismos de obtenção de provas, com breve análise daqueles mais utilizados na atividade investigatória. Durante o percurso, procedeu-se, também, a breves considerações acerca dos sistemas processuais, sempre com os olhos voltados à investigação pelo Ministério Público. O objetivo, de forma bastante honesta, foi o de apresentar uma visão crítica e consentânea com a realidade brasileira, inclusive no que diz com as limitações que atingem os órgãos na prestação de serviços públicos de induvidosa relevância

Visando estudo do método de sísmica multicomponente (3C) na investigação rasa, foram adquiridos dados em duas áreas urbanas da cidade de São Paulo, Brasil, com características geológicas diferentes: Campus da Universidade de São Paulo (USP), situado na zona oeste do município e área da estrutura de Colônia, situada na região de Parelheiros, na zona periférica do município. Na aquisição foram empregados geofones de 3 componentes com frequência natural de 10 Hz e, como fontes sísmicas, o compactador e o impacto de uma marreta. Para realizar o processamento dos dados foi utilizado o pacote Seismic Unix (CWP/SU). Foi observada uma marcada diferença nas respostas dos subsolos entre os dois sítios. Nos dados adquiridos no Campus da USP foram observadas tanto as ondas PP como as ondas convertidas (PSv), no entanto, nos dados obtidos em área de Colônia, não foi possível visualizar as ondas convertidas. A partir das secções da onda PP e da onda PS foi estimada a razão Vp/Vs assim como o coeficiente de Poisson para a área da USP. / In order to study the multicomponent seismic method (3C) to shallow investigation, two data sets were acquired in urban areas of São Paulo city, Brazil, with different geological characteristics. The area of the Campus of São Paulo University (USP) is located in the western part of the city and the area of the structure of Colônia is located in the region of Parelheiros, a peripheral zone of São Paulo. For the data acquisition, it were employed 3C-geophones of 10 Hz and, as seismic sources, hand-operated surface compactor and sledge hammer. For processing were used the Seismic Unix package (CWP / SU). It was observed a marked difference in the subsoil responses between the two sites. In the data acquired in the Campus of USP, both PP waves and converted waves (PSv) was observed; however, in the data obtainedin the Colônia area, it was not possible to visualize the converted waves. For the USP area, the Vp / Vs ratio and Poisson ratio were estimated.

Student Number : 9802206M - MA dissertation - School of Psychology - Faculty of Humanities / Before this study took place, the social psychology perspective of Attribution theory was yet to be fully utilised in South African research within the maintenance error landscape. Attributional approaches see the person on the street operating like a scientist, obtaining information from his or her social surroundings and discerning the causes and consequences of ongoing behavioural and environmental events (Harvey et.al.,1976). It is very possible that due to the unique South African socio-political and economic landscape, strongly influenced by Apartheid, new combinations of known and unknown error attributions are at play, that are unique to this landscape and have not yet been studied or uncovered. Thus, a better understanding of the South African landscape, through a study such as this, could have serious cost benefits to maintenance companies, benefits to staff in terms of reduced risk of injury, as well as form the basis of improved policies, procedures and equipment. Twenty-five team leaders and 125 minor maintenance staff at a South African Aircraft Maintenance Company formed the population group from which the sample for this study was drawn. Within each group, 5 individuals were interviewed on a personal basis. Further, for each group, one focus group was carried out consisting of two and four individuals respectively. The individuals who participated in the focus groups were different to those who participated in the interviews. In total 28 percent of team leaders participated in the study and 7 percent of maintenance staff, which calculates to just over 10 percent of minor maintenance employees at the organisation involved. The Qualitative data acquired through this in-depth interview and focus group discussion process, and subsequent transcription was coded and analysed using Thematic Content Analysis. Content analysis is a research technique for making replicable and valid inferences from data to their context (Krippendorf, 1980). The discussion of primary error attributions comparing maintenance staff and team leaders, focussed on the predominant primary error attribution theme and related attributions under the descriptor Organisational Culture which included both the dimensions of employee motivation and managerial culture. Finally, results of secondary error attributions comparing maintenance staff and team leaders raised the discussion around the theme, Tools and Equipment. This research is an exploratory study that brings together the field of attribution theory and maintenance error. Its main strength is that it provides a theoretical framework, upon which is based a methodology that explores the primary and secondary error attributions made by employees for maintenance errors in their work environment. In other words, it is felt that this methodology can be implemented in a range of maintenance environments to unearth the error attributions of staff in that environment. Information such as this is very beneficial to companies and organisations in their planning, strategising, problem solving and general organisational development.

This study provides, via personal interviews, a qualitative examination of police, district attorneys, public defenders and private attorneys who were involved in traffic accident investigation and criminal court adjudication in Chattanooga, Tennessee. These data were compiled to develop a profile of the actors and their involvement in the process of a criminal charge stemming from a traffic accident. The literature suggests that the actors work as a team to process a case from investigation to adjudication; however, the actors in Chattanooga, Tennessee were fragmented in their handling of a case. This study collectively examines police and attorneys in relation to traffic issues.

Confirmation bias occurs when a person believes in or searches for evidence to support his or her favored theory while ignoring or excusing disconfirmatory evidence and is disinclined to change his or her belief once he or she arrives at a conclusion. The purpose of this quantitative study was to examine whether emotionally charged evidence and evidence presentation order could influence an investigator's belief in a suspect's guilt. The study included 166 sworn police officers (basic training recruits, patrol officers, and criminal investigators) who completed online surveys in response to criminal vignettes across different scenarios to record their measure of guilt belief. Analysis of variance was used to assess the relationship between the 3 independent variables: duty assignment (recruit, patrol, investigator), scenario condition (child and adult sexual assault), and evidence presentation order (sequential, simultaneous, reverse sequential). The dependent variable was confirmation bias (Likert-scaled 0-10 guilt judgment). According to the study results, confirmation bias was least evident in criminal investigators with more experience and training, and both emotion and evidence presentation order can influence guilt judgment. The findings generalize to criminal investigators and attest to the importance of working to include and exclude suspects and to withhold judgment until all available evidence is analyzed. Investigators benefit from this study and through their improved decision making, society benefits as well. This study will contribute to the need for professional dialogue concerning objective fact finding by criminal investigators and avoiding incidents of wrongful conviction.

Among all casting defects, shrinkage porosities could significantly reduce the strength of metal parts. As several critical components in aerospace and automotive industries are manufactured through casting processes, ensuring these parts are free of defects and are structurally sound is an important issue. This study investigates the formation of shrinkage-related defects in alloy solidification. To have a better understanding about the defect formation mechanisms, three sets of experimental studies were performed. In the first experiment, a real-time video radiography technique is used for the observation of pore nucleation and growth in a wedge-shaped A356 aluminum casting. An image-processing technique is developed to quantify the amount of through-thickness porosity observed in the real-time radiographic video. Experimental results reveal that the formation of shrinkage porosity in castings has two stages: 1-surface sink formation and 2- internal porosity evolution. The transition from surface sink to internal porosity is defined by a critical coherency limit of . In the second and third experimental sets, two Manganese-Steel (Mn-Steel) castings with different geometries are selected. Several thermocouples are placed at different locations in the sand molds and castings to capture the cooling of different parts during solidification. At the end of solidification, castings are sectioned to observe the porosity distributions on the cut surfaces. To develop alloys’ thermo-physical properties, MAGMAsoft (a casting simulation software package) is used for the thermal simulations. To assure that the thermal simulations are accurate, the properties are adjusted to get a good agreement between simulated and measured temperatures by thermocouples. Based on the knowledge obtained from the experimental observations, a mathematical model is developed for the prediction of shrinkage porosity in castings. The model, called “advanced feeding model”, includes 3D multi-phase continuity, momentum and pore growth rate equations which inputs the material properties and transient temperature fields, and outputs the feeding velocity, liquid pressure and porosity distributions in castings. To solve the model equations, a computational code with a finite-volume approach is developed for the flow calculations. To validate the model, predicted results are compared with the experimental data. The comparison results show that the advanced feeding model can accurately predict the occurrence of shrinkage porosity defects in metal castings. Finally, the model is optimized by performing several parametric studies on the model variables.

Cancer is currently the leading cause of death by disease in children under the age of 15 in the US. While the number of childhood cancer survivors continues to grow, psychological research on this population has lagged. Existing research on the psychosocial effects of childhood cancer is marked by inconsistent conclusions as well as methodological limitations. However, the effect of childhood cancer on social functioning is one area with relatively more consistency. Existing research suggests that childhood cancer can lead to deficits in prosocial skills as well as the emergence of social problems. The present study investigated individual change in social functioning for five children diagnosed with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ALL) over the first year of treatment compared to healthy control peers. Children with cancer demonstrated a decrease in social activity as well as an unexpected increase in social skills not demonstrated by healthy control children.

Several aspects of kokanee (Onchorhynchus nerka) ecology were studied in the fluctuating, 80ha Porcupine Reservoir, Utah in order to determine optimum management strategies. In 1981, escapement was enumerated and estimates of egg deposition were made . An estimate of the resulting fry recruitment was also attempted and was successful up to the arrival of spring runoff. In 1982, escapement was enumerated and estimates of egg deposition were made, with subsequent estimates of egg deposition and percent survival to the advanced eyed stage. Age and growth rates were determined and survival rates estimated. Escapement for 1981 and 1982 was 5,463 and 7,113 kokanee, respectively, depositing an estimated 1,843,955 and 2,393,757 eggs, respectively._ The estimated fry recruitment to the reservoir for the 1981 spawning run was 57,000 fish up to the arrival of spring runoff and appeared to be only a fraction of the total number of fry in the river. From the 1982 spawning run, an estimated 2,265,507 eggs were actually deposited, of these an estimated 64.2% or 1,457,599 eggs were fertilized and survived to the advanced eyed stage. Kokanee growth rates were good. Fish mature and spawn at 34 months of age at an average total length of 364mm. Twelve month old kokanee average 124mm and 24 month old fish 257mm. The kokanee population continues to grow but at a decreasing rate and survival rates are declining. For every kokanee that estimated 8.2 progeny survived to spawn spawned in 1972, an in 1975 and for every spawning kokanee in 1979 an estimated 3.0 progeny survived to spawn in 1982. The kokanee is presently underharvested and appears to be at or near the carrying capacity of the reservoir. In order to acheive an optimum sustainable yield the spawning population should be reduced and maintained at approximately 2,000 fish ( 1,000 redds).

Conferencia presentada durante el Seminario Internacional "El Nuevo Orden Académico", llevado a cabo del 1-2 de septiembre de 2016 en las instalaciones de la Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú (PUCP), Lima, Perú. / La ponencia aborda la importancia de abrir la ciencia y la promoción del acceso abierto para generar conocimiento, así como entender y reproducir las estructuras de poder que nos gobiernan en lo público y en lo privado. Se hace un recuento sucinto del avance de la ciencia en nuestro medio así como el rol de los organismos de gobierno. En segunda parte de la conferencia, detalla el modelo de gestión del conocimiento de la Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC).