This study examines the speech act of refusal among Saudis. Specifically, it investigates the refusal strategies implemented by Saudis in Saudi Arabian Social settings. Data was gathered using Discourse Completion Task (DCT). Thirty Saudi male and female students, graduate, undergraduate, and ESL students participated in this study creating 180 natural responses. The responses were coded and classified according to the classification of refusals proposed by Beebe, Takahashi, and Uliss- Weltz. The results revealed that Saudi females and males choose to use indirectness more than directness when refusing an invitation. Even when using direct strategies, indirect strategies accompany the direct once to mitigate the threat of directness. The results also showed a great deal of implementing adjuncts as part of Saudis refusal statements. The result showed that Saudis use one new strategy, refusal-functioning acceptance, and one new adjunct, pray.

An in-depth look at my how my desire to make no assumptions with regards to creating art led me to invitation as a guiding principle when directing for the theatre. This thesis will cite examples from three productions I’ve directed as a Master of Fine Arts candidate in the Department of Theatre and Dance at The University of Texas at Austin. / text

Our vision for this special issue was simple: to inspire clinician innovators working in integrated care to not only consume the literature but also contribute to it.

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Le recours à l’appel d’offres n’est pas, et n’a jamais été, l’apanage des personnes publiques. Parce que la mise en concurrence de cocontractants potentiels permet d’obtenir le meilleur prix, les personnes privées le pratiquent volontairement pour la réalisation de nombreuses opérations contractuelles : construction immobilière, cession d’entreprise, vente d’immeuble, acquisition de produits et de prestations de service, etc. Familière des praticiens, cette figure du paysage précontractuel est négligée par la doctrine. L’objet de cette étude est de présenter une analyse juridique d’ensemble de l’appel d’offres privé. Celui-ci est susceptible de deux acceptions. Dans la ligne directe de son appellation, il désigne une invitation à soumettre des offres. Il s’agit d’un type de proposition de contracter à part entière, distinct des propositions de contracter traditionnelles que sont l’offre et l’invitation à entrer en pourparlers. À le concevoir ensuite comme une procédure de mise en concurrence de cocontractants potentiels pour la conclusion d’un contrat définitif, l’appel d’offres privé donne naissance à un avant-contrat entre son organisateur et ses participants que l’on ne peut ramener aux catégories d’avant-contrats que connaît le droit positif. La qualification d’avant-contrat imprime à l’appel d’offres privé son régime juridique. Ainsi, les parties s’obligent à organiser et à participer à la procédure de mise en concurrence selon les règles fixées par l’organisateur et de bonne foi. Les comportements consistant à fausser le jeu de la concurrence sont alors sanctionnés pour inexécution contractuelle. / Using private invitation to tender is not, and has never been, the prerogative of public entities. Because the implementation of competition calls between potentials co-contractors in order to achieve the best price, private entities practice it voluntarily to realise numerous contractual transactions : building construction, transfer of company, sale of real property, procurement of goods and service delivery, etc. Well-known by practitioners, this figure of the contractual landscape is neglected by the legal doctrine. The purpose of this study is to represent a global legal analysis of the private tender process. This one might be understood in two different ways. Literally, it designates an invitation to submit offers. It is a type of proposal to contract fully-fledged, which defers from the traditional ways of proposal to contract which are the offer and the invitation to treat. Conceived as a process introducing competition between potentials co-contractors to conclude a definitive contract, private invitation to tender give birth o a preliminary contract between its organiser and participants, which is distinct from the existing preliminary contracts. The qualification of preliminary contract print the private invitation to tender’s legal regime. Thus, parties undertook to organise and participate to the implementation of competition calls regarding the rules established by the organiser in good faith. The behaviours consisting in distorting competition are then subject to sanction on the ground of non-fulfillment of a contractul obligation.

Four strangers are stranded in an old farmhouse by a winter storm. Gilley lives on the farm. Shadows move of their own volition on the farm, and Gilley talks to echoes and sees the dead reflected in mirrors. Gilley's husband, Frank, disappeared over forty years ago. Jason is a college student who seeks Gilley out for an interview. He agrees to help Gilley find Frank. Jesse is a young boy who finds his way to the house after an accident. August is a private investigator whom Jason calls for help in finding Frank. August does not have a shadow nor a reflection of his own, and he can't remember how he lost them. Each wants something that only the others can provide, but each wants to keep their own secrets.

In recent years with the increasingly world-wide introduction of the Internet, the use of online questionnaires has increased dramatically. However in Thailand, there has been only very limited systematic research on web-based design in Thailand, including for Thai undergraduates who are the biggest group of Thai internet users. The particular characteristics of the Thai language (e.g. no capital letters, no break between words, Thai script etc.) present some interesting challenges for online Thai surveys. This experimental study investigated web-based survey design principles based on an English language background trial at a Thai university with individual interviews and focus groups with the use of think aloud and other research techniques. The findings of two types of web usability tests revealed that the scrolling web-based format was the most suitable for conducting surveys and that such surveys are most likely to attract higher response rates when endorsed by a trusted organization, when instructions are short, simple and specific, when closed and dichotomous questions provide sufficient answer options and when matrix and semantic differential questions are limited. Research also indicates that the font, Ms Sans Serif of size

This thesis is a statement about a series of paintings based on an invented dollhouse object that conveys the artist’s identity and placement in the world. Through this essay, the artist represents the home as a space that fosters the recovery and rebirth of invisible energy, ki and examines ideas of transience, interconnection, and rebirth in the mysterious flow of ki in the home. Also the artist will explain her own view about being an artist, the methodologies and specific techniques of her paintings, and her artistic direction for the future.

Cette recherche porte sur l’acte d’invitation au mariage eta pour but,d’abord, de révéler les caractéristiques de tel acte dans les cartes d’invitation en français et en vietnamien puis d’identifier des ressemblances et des différences qui sont culturellement déterminées. Pour ce faire, nous avons décrit la formulation et le fonctionnement pragmatique des cartes d’invitation au mariage dans les deux langues du point de vue de la politesse linguistique. Le résultat de l’analyse nous a permis, par la suite, d’identifierles particularités dans la formulation des cartes ainsi que dansles stratégies de politesse privilégiées dans les deux communautés française et vietnamienne. Cette étude nous amène à conclure qu’à la différence de l’individualité qui caractérise la culture occidentale y compriscelle de la France, les Vietnamiens, de tradition de riziculture, mettent beaucoup plus d’importance sur le respect de l’honneur, et ont peur de perdre la face, de faire perdre celle de l’autre, d’être différents des autres, d’être hors du commun. Par conséquent,ils optent très souvent pour des modèles traditionnels de cartes d’invitation sans trop d’éléments de personnalisation et privilégient la politesse positive. / This research on the act of invitation to marriage aims to find out the characteristics of this act in invitation cards in French and Vietnamese, then to reveal the resemblances and the differences which are culturally determined. For this purpose, we described the formulation and the pragmatic functioning of invitation cards to marriage in the view of linguistic politeness. The analysis result allowed us then to exploit the particularities in the formulation of cards as well as the strategies of politeness privileged in French and Vietnamese communities. We concluded that unlike the individuality that characterises Occidental cultures including French culture, Vietnamese people of rice culture attach more importance to the respect of honor and are afraid of losing face, making others lose face, being different from others, or not being in common with them. As a consequence, they often choose traditional models of invitation cards without insisting too much on the personalisation and they privilege the positive politeness.

ABSTRACT Imaginative storytelling offered as an invitation to learning dovetails with the notion of Romance in cyclical, organic learning. It is upon the theme of rhythmic storytelling and its relationship to Alfred North Whitehead’s cycle of Romance/Freedom of “The Wood between the Worlds” that I concentrate in this thesis. The thesis proceeds in four chapters to facilitate such understanding. Chapter One reawakens the childlike wonder of the stories my father related to me when I was young; my personal academic trajectory traces out the Whiteheadian pattern of the overlapping tri-cycle of Romance/Freedom, Precision/Self-Discipline, and Generalization/Freedom. Chapter Two introduces the enchanted Narnian “Wood between the Worlds” envisioned by Clive Staples Lewis with reference to the literary and sensory forests I have known. Chapter Three presents the Voices of the Children from my Grade Two class over a period of one year, based upon my memories and personal anecdotal notes of their stories as well as their creative use of storytelling. I also explore Antonio Machón’s consideration of children’s drawings as storytelling. In conclusion, Chapter Four describes my journeys with First Nations pilot programs Math Warriors (Saskatoon Catholic School Board) and Indigenous Knowledge in Science (Saskatoon Public School Board), leading me to better appreciate Indigenous educational philosophy. In the process I consider insights shared by Verna Kirkness (Cree), Jo-ann Archibald (Stó:lö and Coast Salish), and others. Finally, I interpret “The Wood between the Worlds” from a Whiteheadian perspective, reflecting upon contrasts and commonalities Whitehead may share with Aboriginal thought.