La judéité, c’est-à-dire le rapport personnel et singulier qu’un individu entretient avec son origine juive, trouve dans certaines oeuvres littéraires une résonance majeure. S’il est hasardeux d’assigner des écrivains à une identité par essence problématique, il n’est pas anodin d’interroger leur rapport à cette identité en tant que producteur de choix formels et thématiques. Il est ainsi moins question de trouver une place à l’écriture de la judéité à l’intérieur d’une littérature minoritaire canonisée, que, plutôt, d’interroger les formes changeantes de cette écriture au fil des époques et des esthétiques. À travers un corpus constitué principalement par les oeuvres d’Irène Némirovsky, de Patrick Modiano et de Marc Weitzmann, ce travail se propose donc d’étudier les évolutions des rapports entre écriture et judéité sur trois générations d’auteurs et d’observer ainsi les mutations de la conscience littéraire juive face aux réalités historiques et culturelles sur une longue période. Il s’agit en particulier d’interroger la mise en scène de la judéité au croisement entre discours autobiographique et discours social. Les oeuvres de Némirovsky, Modiano et Weitzmann sont notamment emblématiques d’une mise en question de l’identité juive, par une réappropriation, parfois ambiguë, parfois détournée, du discours antisémite.L’analyse des textes, parcourant presque un siècle, permet d’ouvrir une perspective spécifique sur la littérature française, jusqu’à ses développements les plus récents. Notamment, la question du terrorisme, liée à la situation au Moyen-Orient, le rapport avec Israël et, enfin, avec une mémoire des camps qui est de plus en plus une post-mémoire, sont au centre non seulement des écritures de la judéité, mais, plus en général, des tendances actuelles de la littérature française. Même au niveau esthétique, des formes textuelles codifiées et répandues dans la contemporanéité, comme l’autofiction, le récit de filiation ou le roman archéologique semblent très aptes à accueillir les interrogations autour d’une identité juive fuyante ou problématique. / Jewishness, that is to say the personal and singular relationship that an individual experiences regarding their Jewish origins, finds significant resonance in certain literary works. If it is dangerous to assign writers an identity that in and of itself is problematic, it is nonetheless useful to interrogate their relationship with this identity as they make formal and thematic choices. This is less a question of finding a place for writing Jewishness within a canonical and minor literary corpus, instead related to questioning the changing forms of this writing as seen in various epochs and within various aesthetics. Through a corpus composed principally of the works of Irène Némirovsky, Patrick Modiano and Marc Weitzmann, this study examines the evolutions of relationships between writing and Jewishness over three generations of authors, as well as changes in the Jewishliterary consciousness as it faced historical and cultural realities over time. This means paying particular attention to the representation of Jewishness at the crossroads of autobiographical and social discourses. The works of Némirovsky, Modiano and Weitzmann are notably emblematic in their questioning of Jewish identity through a reappropriation of anti-Semitic discourses that is at times ambiguous and at times deflecting.Analyzing these texts, which appeared over the course of almost a century, allows us to open a particular perspective on French literature, including some of its most recent developments. Notably, the question of terrorism as it is linked to the situation in the Middle East, relations with Israel, and the memory of the camps as it becomes more often a post-memory, are at the center not only of Jewish writing, but more generally of trends throughout French literature. Even at the aesthetic level, today’s codified and widespread textual forms such as auto-fiction, “récit de filiation” or “roman archéologique” seem quite capable of hosting investigations of a fleeting or problematic Jewish identity.

Orientador: Márcio Orlando Seligmann-Silva / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-22T16:35:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Vieira_Cristiana_D.pdf: 592475 bytes, checksum: b99a36482ad9f3a531f1f25b14b92642 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Resumo: O trabalho aqui apresentado é um estudo da obra da escritora de origem ucraniana, Irène Némirovsky, a partir de três de seus principais textos, David Golder, Vin de Solitude e Suíte Francesa. Este último foi publicado postumamente, graças à dedicação e ao trabalho de reescritura de suas filhas, Denise Epstein e Élisabeth Gille. A escritora nasceu em Kiev, no ano de 1903, quando os pogrons assolavam a Rússia e promoviam a migração de quase dois milhões de judeus para outros países. Sua obra foi reconhecida e publicada em sua maioria entre 1925 e 1940, na França, antes da captura e morte da autora em 1942 no campo de concentração de Auschwitz, aos 39 anos. Esses textos ficaram à deriva por mais de 60 anos, sem republicação e relegados ao esquecimento. Com o aparecimento de Suíte Francesa, no ano de 2004, toda a obra da autora foi republicada e seus textos traduzidos em mais de trinta países. Os aspectos gerais são a história dos judeus russos no início do século XX, a migração para outros países, sobretudo na Europa e aos Estados Unidos, a situação da França no período entre as duas guerras mundiais e a perseguição aos judeus que culminou com o Holocausto. Nesse cenário vêm inserir-se as questões íntimas, entre as quais a mais relevante é a relação de ódio com a mãe, que dará origem a muitos de seus textos / Abstract: The project presented here is a study of the work of the Ukrainian writer, Iréne Némirovsky, from 3 of her main works, David Golder, Vin de Solitud and Suíte Francesa. This last one was published posthumously, thanks to the dedication and work of the rewriting of her two daughters, Denise Epstein and Élisabeth Gille. The writer was born in Kiev, in the year of 1903, when pogroms ravaged the Jewish population and Russia was promoting the migration of almost two million Jews to other countries. Her work was recognized and published mostly between 1925 and 1940 in France before the author was captured and killed in 1942 at the Auschwitz Concentration Camp at the age of 39. These works were forgotten and not republished. With the appearance of Suíte Francesa, in 2004, all of her works were republished and her works were translated in over 30 countries / Doutorado / Teoria e Critica Literaria / Doutora em Teoria e História Literária