In 21st century, how to properly introduce new knowledge management system¡]KMS¡^is the key criteria for organizations to enhance their competitive edge. How a KMS can be introduced into organizations is because, fist of all, this issue be noticed by the strategic management level, and recognize its importance, and get it into the agenda. However, a corporation is itself a market full of idea and proposal inside. Managers try hard to promote their proposal to executives and CEO and its why there are always countless ideas around the CEO. Thus, it is urgent for us to research on how an issue be noticed by executives and enter into agenda to understand what variables really affect the agenda building process. In this area, the related researches are¡G¡]1¡^Agenda Building Theory and Issue Selling, which focuses on describing the main affecting dimension that are important, ¡]2¡^Issue Identification, which focuses on describing how issues be labeled with OPPORTUNITY or THREAT label, ¡]3¡^Champion Theory, which focuses on issue the role of the sponsors and their behaviors. Previous researches on new information technology introduction were focused on how to successfully introduce it and its efficacy evaluation. Topics on preceding phase, that is ¡©why an enterprise recognizes a new information technology¡ª, are quite rare. In validating our research model, our data supports that the importance and opportunity of issue salience, and the involvement as well as assertive attitude of champion have impacted on the agenda of organizations. The result will be useful to both the academic and business.

Lots of literature discusses IS/IT adoption or diffusion. However, few studies focus on the initiation stage of organizational innovation process. The entrance of organizational innovations issues into agenda represents legitimation and it influences further organizational action. Therefore, this study empirically testified the factors affecting organizational discussion frequency of knowledge management project issues, controlling for the size of knowledge management scope definition. The results showed that the characateristics of knowledge management project issues and the existence of sponsors had significant impact on the issue discussion frequency about knowledge management. However, the institutional pressures did not demonstrate significant impact on the issue discussion frequency or show great influence on the issue characteristics. Neither did the organizational strategy demonstrate its impact on knowledge management project issues. Theoretically, this study is built based on perspectives of agenda building and institutional perspective, and provides more complete model to explain the discussion of organizational innovation issues. For practical knowledge management proponents who attempt to initiate knowledge management in organizations, they need to understand how knowledge management issue is placed into agenda for organizational legitimating.

ABSTRACT Ibbotson and Ritter (1995) indicate that there are three anomalies in IPO markets: IPO underpricing, IPO long-run underperformance, and hot-issue market. Contrary to most of the previous studies which focus on IPO underpricing or IPO long-run performance, this dissertation examines the existence of hot-issue phenomenon in Taiwan IPO markets. ¡§Hot-Issue anomaly¡¨ means that cycle exists in both the IPO volume and IPO underpricing. Consequently, issuers tend to issue new equity to the public when faced with high average initial returns of IPOs. Ritter (1984) argues that IPOs in hot markets experience higher initial returns. Moreover, young IPOs experience more underpricing in hot markets. A possible explanation for hot-issue phenomenon is the positive feedback hypothesis: market investors positively react to IPO underpricing. When investors earn initial returns from IPOs, they are more likely to subscribe to future IPOs leading to the fact that issuers tend to issue when previous IPOs are more underpriced. Hot-issue is considered as an anomaly because underpricing or initial return is referred as an indirect cost of issuance. Issuers should try to reduce the extent of underpricing to raise IPO proceeds. From the point of view of maximizing proceeds, previous studies fail to explain the hot-issue anomaly in IPO markets. Ibbotson, Sindelar, and Ritter (1994) show that IPO hot-issue phenomenon exists not only in U.S. market but also in Germany, South Korea, and U.K. markets. To make up this gap, this dissertation first tests if there exists hot-issue anomaly in Taiwan and then examines why hot-issue anomaly exists to provide an explanation to the anomaly. I find that IPO initial return leads IPO issuance. However, issuance of IPOs does not reduce the extent of underpricing of the followed up IPOs. I further show that IPO initial return is not related to the initial return of the followed up ones. The issuance of IPOs cannot be attributed to the information of initial returns of preceding IPOs. Rather, the market information between IPO filing date and IPO issuance date is the cause for the lead-lag relation between IPO initial return and IPO issuance. IPO offer price will fully reflect to the negative recent market return but simply partially to the recent positive market return. Most of the IPO initial return can be explained by the information revealed after offer price has been set implying that the offer price is set efficiently. The large amount of IPO volume following high IPO initial return can be attributed to the positive market reaction to the preceding IPOs instead of the filed IPO pricing of preceding IPOs. Our findings explain the hot-issue anomaly. During hot markets, investors¡¦ excess demand on IPOs leads to high initial returns of IPOs. Faced with investors¡¦ excess demand, issuers attempt to issue IPOs to take advantage of investors¡¦ sentiments to maximize IPO proceeds.

By means of data mining techniques development these days, the knowledge discovered by virtue of data mining has ranging from business application to fraud detection. However, too often, we see only the profit-making justification for investing in data mining while losing sight of the fact that they can help resolve issues of global or national importance. In this research, we propose the architecture for issue oriented information construction and knowledge discovery that related to political or public policy issues. In this architecture, we adopt issue networks as the description model and data mining as the core technique. This study is also performed and verified with prototype system constructing and case data analyzing. There are three main topics in our research. The issue networks information construction starts with text files information retrieving of specified issue from news reports. Keywords retrieved from news reports are converted into structuralized network nodes and presented in the form of issue networks. The second topic is the clustering of network actors. We adopt an issue-association clustering method to provide views of clustering of issue participators based on relations of issues. In third topic, we use specified link analysis method to compute the importance of actors and sub-issues. Our study concludes with performance evaluation via domain experts. We conduct recall, precision evaluation for first topic above and certainty, novelty, utility evaluation for others.

On the subject of what affect voters¡¦ vote choice, political scientists for a long time emphasize three answers: party identification, candidate orientation, and issue orientation. About issue orientation, Rational Choice Theory assumes that human are rational pursuing maximizing self- interests. When voters are making their vote decisions, they would observe the issues positions of competing parties or candidates, comparing with their own positions, and then vote the party or the candidate who can represent their own positions best. Spatial Theory, from Rational Choice Theory, takes those abstract issue positions into some issue space. Both the issue positions of voters and parties could be presented by some points in the space, and the length and direction between the points can represent the differences between issue positions. There are several different models in Spatial Theory, and different models advocate different ways about how voters use the points in issue space to form their evaluations to competing parties or candidates. In this paper, we take the viewpoints of Spatial Theory to research the issue voting behavior of Taiwanese voters. First, we try to know the spatial distribution of voters¡¦ issue positions. Then we inspect the association between voters¡¦ social back- ground elements and issue position. Finally, we test three models of Spatial Theory, proximity model, directional model, and RM mixed model, to know how Taiwanese voters use issue positions to form their party-evaluation.

This research explores whether ¡§party identification, candidate orientation, ethnic identification and issue orientation,¡¨ the four intermediate variables of election, are correlated to the results of Taipei mayor elections in 2002 and 2006. The data in this research are mainly based on the interview broadly carried out to collect facts for ¡§the study on democratization through election¡¨ executed by Professors Huang Chi and Huang Siu-Twen in 2002 and 2005. It is with these data that this research compares the voting behavior of the voters in the two mayor elections in an attempt to find out the deviation of election for further studies. Each individual voter has of his own a variety of social backgrounds which inevitably form to some extent a connection with each of the four intermediate variables. In examination of the connection just mentioned, it is obvious that of all the voter¡¦s backgrounds the place of birth is probably the most potential and influential, and has a significant connection with each of the four factors. However, an evaluation of the connection between the voting preference and the four factors indicates that the four factors are apparently convincing in justification of the results of the second Taipei mayor election in 2006. In addition, a detailed analysis of the connections between voter¡¦s social backgrounds and his voting preference shows that the voter¡¦s place of birth plays an important role in making his voting preference. Other social backgrounds except the voter¡¦s educational level are slightly related to the voting preference in the Taipei mayor election in 2006. Based on the analysis mentioned above, it is understood that there are many variables which will influence the voting preference. Of all the intermediate variables, however, the four factors of party identification candidate orientation ethnic identification and issue orientation are perhaps most crucial and decisive. By means of the analysis and evaluation of the four factors functioning in the recent elections, it is discovered that the people here in Taiwan are relatively better educated and have made a tremendous progress in democracy. It seems that Taiwan has already developed into a nation of two-party politics.

May Fourth society encouraged the female writers to progress and requested them to play the role of "an understanding wife and loving mother". This conflicting expectation made "the love and marriage" a major trial for the educated female at that time. The May Fourth women's liberation movement had this characteristic: women were utilized as a tool rather than liberated human beings. Sharing a common background, the May Fourth female writers tried to find a family of ¡¨her¡¨ own besides the father's family and the husband's family. This dissertation tries to study and compare ¡§the love and marriage issue¡¨ in the novels of the May Fourth female writers such as Chen Hengzhe¡]³¯¿Å­õ¡^¡BLu Yin¡]ÃfÁô¡^¡BSu Xue-Lin¡]Ĭ³·ªL¡^¡BBing Xing¡]¦B¤ß¡^¡BLin Shu-hua¡]­â¨ûµØ¡^¡BFeng Yuan-Jun¡]¶¾¨J§g¡^Shi Ping-Mei¡]¥Ûµû±ö¡^.It is this author¡¦s hope that through this study we can understand more what these female writers thought on the issue of gender subjectivity.

With the improvement in VLSI technology, realization of multiple processor cores on a single chip becomes easier. Therefore, more and more users execute applications on current multi-core architectures. The multi-core system has a brilliant performance in executing multi-threaded applications, but this system could not gain any performance in single-threaded applications. This paper proposes a multi-core architecture for enhancing single-threaded performance in embedded system, and focuses on four points: 1. Construct a simple out-of-order execution core. 2. Design a dynamically scheduled instruction analyzer. 3. Design a mechanism for sharing operands between two cores. 4. Design a mechanism for committing instructions synchronously between two cores. The architecture of each core is single-issue out-of-order instruction pipe. First, instruction analyzer will fetch instructions and generate instruction dependence tags by detecting the dependencies among the fetched instructions, then schedule instructions dynamically and dispatch to the cores. In the core, instructions can know where to get required operands according to the information of instruction tags, this mechanism enables data can be shared between two cores. Instructions are executed by data-driven approach, but in-order complete to maintain the correctness of the program order. Based on ARM instruction set, this paper tries to explore ways to achieve interaction control mechanisms between two cores and to accelerate a single-thread in the dual-core architecture. We write a simulation model of the proposed architecture in C language as our trace-driven simulation framework and the MediaBench suite is selected for the experiments. According simulation result, the architecture can obtain average 40% performance speedup comparing to the five-stage pipelined architecture.

published_or_final_version / Public Administration / Master / Master of Social Sciences

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