Thesis (Ph.D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mathematics, 1979. / Bibliography: leaves 58-59. / by Boris A. Kupershmidt. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mathematics, 1979.

In this thesis, we develop a feedback-invariant theory of local controllability for affine distributions. We begin by developing an unexplored notion in control theory that we call proper small-time local controllability (PSTLC). The notion of PSTLC is developed for an abstraction of the well-known notion of a control-affine system, which we call an affine system. Associated to every affine system is an affine distribution, an adaptation of the notion of a distribution. Roughly speaking, an affine distribution is PSTLC if the local behaviour of every affine system that locally approximates the affine distribution is locally controllable in the standard sense. We prove that, under a regularity condition, the PSTLC property can be characterized by studying control-affine systems. The main object that we use to study PSTLC is a cone of high-order tangent vectors, or variations, and these are defined using the vector fields of the affine system. To better understand these variations, we study how they depend on the jets of the vector fields by studying the Taylor expansion of a composition of flows. Some connections are made between labeled rooted trees and the coefficients appearing in the Taylor expansion of a composition of flows. Also, a relation between variations and the formal Campbell-Baker-Hausdorff formula is established. After deriving some algebraic properties of variations, we define a variational cone for an affine system and relate it to the local controllability problem. We then study the notion of neutralizable variations and give a method for constructing subspaces of variations. Finally, using the tools developed to study variations, we consider two important classes of systems: driftless and homogeneous systems. For both classes, we are able to characterize the PSTLC property. / Thesis (Ph.D, Mathematics & Statistics) -- Queen's University, 2010-01-11 20:11:45.466

Orientador: Samuel Rocha de Oliveira / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Matemática Estatística e Computação Científica / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-24T16:31:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Garcia_RaphaeldeOliveira_D.pdf: 5512062 bytes, checksum: a2805b263757b93de5fb67b8cc3aba15 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Resumo: Neste trabalho foi desenvolvido um novo programa computacional em Fortran 90, com o objetivo de obter soluções numéricas de um sistema de equações diferenciais parciais de Magnetohidrodinâmica Relativística, com gravitação pré-determinada (GRMHD), capaz de simular a formação de jatos relativísticos desde a acreção de disco de matéria até sua ejeção. De início fez-se um estudo sobre métodos numéricos de Volumes Finitos Unidimensionais, a saber método Lax-Friedrichs, Lax-Wendroff, Nessyahu-Tadmor e métodos de Godunov dependentes de problemas de Riemann, aplicados nas equações de Euler com o intuito de verificar as suas principais características e de efetuar comparações entre aqueles métodos. Em seguida implementou-se os métodos de Volumes Finitos Centrados Lax-Friedrichs e Nessyahu-Tadmor, que são esquemas numéricos que possuem uma formulação sem separação dimensional e livres de resolvedores de problemas de Riemann, mesmo em duas ou mais dimensões espaciais; neste ponto, já aplicados nas equações de GRMHD. Um método Lax-Wendroff com Runge-Kutta de ordem 3, com a propriedade de ser Valor Total Decrescente (TVD) no tempo e com separação dimensional, também foi aplicado no mesmo problema. Por fim, com o método Nessyahu-Tadmor foi possível obter soluções numéricas estáveis - sem oscilações espúrias nem dissipação excessiva - desde o processo de acreção do disco magnetizado, em rotação com relação a um buraco negro central (BH) de Schwarzschild e imerso a uma magnetosfera, até a ejeção de matéria em forma de jato ao longo de uma distância de quatorze vezes o raio do BH, um recorde em termos de simulação astrofísica / Abstract: We have developed a new computer program in Fortran 90, in order to obtain numerical solutions of a system of partial differential equations of Relativistic Magnetohydrodynamics with predetermined gravitation (GRMHD), capable of simulate the formation of relativistic jets from the accretion disk of matter up to his ejection. Initially we carried out a study on numerical methods of Unidimensional Finite Volume, namely Lax-Friedrichs, Lax-Wendroff, Nessyahu-Tadmor method and Godunov methods dependent on Riemann problems, applied to equations Euler in order to verify their main features and make comparisons among those methods. It was then implemented the methods of Finite Volume Centered Lax-Friedrichs and Nessyahu-Tadmor, which are numerical schemes that have a formulation free and without dimensional separation Riemann problem solvers, even in two or more spatial dimensions, at this point, already applied in equations GRMHD. A Lax-Wendrof Runge-Kutta method of order 3, with the property of Total Value Descending (TVD) in time and size separation, was also applied to the same problem. Finally, with Nessyahu - Tadmor method was possible to obtain solutions stable numerical - without spurious oscillations or excessive dissipation - from the process of magnetized accretion disk, in rotation with respect to a central black hole (BH) Schwarzschild and immersed in a magnetosphere, to the ejection of matter in the form of jet over a distance of fourteen times the radius of the BH, a record in terms of astrophysical simulation / Doutorado / Matematica / Doutor em Matemática Aplicada

Orientador: Pedro José Catuogno / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Matemática Estatística e Computação Científica / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-25T09:06:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Franca_ElizeuCleberdosSantos_M.pdf: 3490670 bytes, checksum: 6589d1bb5b880e51625fb93abb2964a9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Resumo: Neste trabalho, apresentaremos a teoria básica de simetrias de equações diferenciais, focando na busca por soluções invariantes de operadores diferenciais definidos em fibrados vetoriais com relação a ação transversal de um grupo de Lie no fibrado em questão / Abstract: In this work we will give the basic theory of symmetries of differential equations. The goal of this work is searching for invariant solutions of differential operators which are defined on vector bundles with respect to the transverse action of a Lie group in such bundle / Mestrado / Matematica / Mestre em Matemática

The curvature of a contraction T in the Cowen-Douglas class is bounded above by the curvature of the backward shift operator. However, in general, an operator satisfying the curvature inequality need not be contractive. In this thesis, we characterize a slightly smaller class of contractions using a stronger form of the curvature inequality. Along the way, we find conditions on the metric of the holomorphic Hermitian vector bundle E corresponding to the operator T in the Cowen-Douglas class which ensures negative definiteness of the curvature function. We obtain a generalization for commuting tuples of operators in the Cowen-Douglas class. Secondly, we obtain an explicit formula for the curvature of the jet bundle of the Hermitian holomorphic bundle E f on a planar domain Ω. Here Ef is assumed to be a pull-back of the tautological bundle on gr(n, H ) by a nondegenerate holomorphic map f :Ω →Gr (n, H ). Clearly, finding relationships amongs the complex geometric invariants inherent in the short exact sequence 0 → Jk(Ef ) → Jk+1(Ef ) →J k+1(Ef )/ Jk(Ef ) → 0 is an important problem, whereJk(Ef ) represents the k-th order jet bundle. It is known that the Chern classes of these bundles must satisfy c(Jk+1(Ef )) = c(Jk(Ef )) c(Jk+1(Ef )/ Jk(Ef )). We obtain a refinement of this formula: trace Idnxn ( KJk(Ef )) - trace Idnxn ( KJk-1(Ef ))= KJk(Ef )/ Jk-1(Ef )(z).