Cepheid provides instruments and tests for molecular diagnostic testing of bacterial and viral diseases. Their goal is to deliver a better way to improve patient outcomes by enabling access to molecular diagnostic testing everywhere. These test kits are used in warm and humid countries which may challenge the stability of the kits. The test kits containly ophilized beads, which contain enzymes for the polymerase chain reaction, which usually ages first. The ageing of the beads is effected by the initial water content in them since it defines the quality. Therefore, it is of great importance to have a very precise and exact water measurement method. The degree project covers the optimization of the Standard Operating Procedure used today at Cepheid with the research question: Can optimization of the Karl Fischer method improve the precision when measuring the initial moisture content of freeze-dried enzyme beads? The method for measuring the water content was the Karl Fischer titration method and the instrument used was the Mettler Toledo C30S Compact Karl Fischer-coulometer. The different optimized parameters were the sample preparation, extraction process and how the measurement was proceeded. It can be concluded that optimized method provides significantly different results compared with the old method and therefore the new method is better. / Cepheid tillverkar instrument och test för molekylär diagnostisk testning av bakteriella och virala sjukdomar. Målet är att leverera en lösning som leder till en förbättring för patienterna genom att möjliggöra tillgång till molekylär diagnostisk var än den behöver utföras i världen, under stora variationer i mätmiljön. Dessa testkit används i varma och fuktigalä nder vilket kan utmana stabiliteten hos produkten. Testen innehåller lyofiliserade kulor och det är dessa som vanligtvis åldras först. Kulornas hållbarhet påverkas av den ursprungliga vattenhalten, vilket definierar kvalit´en. Därför är det mycket viktigt att ha en mycket exakt metod att mäta fuktinnehållet i kulorna. Examensarbetet omfattar optimering av den standardoperativa proceduren som används idag på Cepheid och fr°ageställningen är: Kan optimering av Karl Fischer-metoden förbättra precisionen vid mätning av det ursprungliga fuktinnehållet i frystorkade enzymkulor?Den metod som används vid mätningen av vattenhalten är Karl Fischer-titreringsmetoden och instrumentet som användes var Mettler Toledo C30S Compact Karl Fischer-coulometer. De olika optimerade parametrarna var: förberedelsen av proven, extraktionsprocessen och själva utförandet av mätningen.Den slutsats som kan dras efter optimeringen är att den nya metoden ger ett mer exakt och bättre resultat än den gamla.

Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

As the contradictions of U.S. capitalist imperialism have intensified the hardships of working class and poor Americans, spontaneous mass mobilizations have arisen with more frequency than in decades past. However, these social movements have all fallen with the same speed as they arose, often leaving nothing but hashtags and slogans to account for their existence. In this thesis, I postulate that the futility of U.S. social movements stems from their lack of organization and theoretical guidance. I hold that the U.S. masses’ organization along the lines of a non-dogmatic and non-mechanistic dialectical materialist outlook stands as the precondition for a successful anti-capitalist movement. In light of this, this thesis explores questions and misunderstandings related to the dialectical materialist outlook and creates the conditions for its concise and systematized elaboration, a task which it fulfills in the process of demonstrating its indispensability for revolutionary socialist politics.

<p>Jean-Paul Sartre' s central purpose in writing the Critique of Dialectical Reason was to render intelligible Karl Marx's principle that circumstances make people just as much as people make circumstances. With the intent of complementing Marx's work, Sartre sought to theoretically connect the marxist outline of social process with its constituting parts--individuals. He sought to do this without ascribing to circumstances a superorganic existence, and in terms of the general structure of individual action per se. In place of a super organic being he attributed unintended consequences to all individual action (as well as intended consequences). The actual influence of circumstances upon people he explained by the fact that products bear some trace of the intentions of those who made them. The product becomes a sign, and people construct about them a world of signs.</p> <p>Within this world of signs people tend to become separated as mediations between constructed things. It is in this sense, that is, in explaining how social relations tend to occur indirectly through the products of praxis, that Sartre sought to justify a rejection of organicism by developing his interpretation of Marx's theory of fetishism.</p> / Master of Arts (MA)

<p>In 1789 Karl Leonhard Reinhold published a book entitled Versuch einer Neuen Theorie Menscblichen Vorstellungsvermögen. With it he intended to show that the position taken by Immanuel Kant in the Critique of Pure Reason was without a ground. That is to say, Kant's work lacked a principle which would enable it to be presented as a system. By focusing on representation and its preconditions, Reinhold intended to provide such a ground through an exhaustive yet unified description of the contents of consciousness. He will begin with a universal and self-evident first principle that will set Kant's results beyond doubt. In this way, Reinhold's Elementarphilosophie becomes the ground of the critical philosophy and together they constitute the only possible system of knowledge.</p> <p>Through a detailed exposition of his book and its relation to Kant's, and by drawing on the reaction of Schulze, Maimon and Fichte to the aforementioned first principle, we want to suggest that Reinhold fails in his attempt to 're-write the Critique of Reason'.</p> / Master of Arts (MA)

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Boston University / PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis or dissertation. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you. / The central aim of this dissertation is to inquire whether there is any one concern or end that Karl Popper regards as primary and therefore binding for all areas of human endeavor. Attention centers upon his conjecture and refutation methodology for theoretical empirical science (Chapter I), his methodologies for theoretical and technological social science (Chapter II), and his social philosophy (Chapter III). The thesis of the dissertation is that Popper does subscribe to an ultimate concern, namely, the preservation and furthering of rationalism. Furthermore, that the means Popper stipulates for the realization of this end would inhibit, or prohibit, use of his methodology for theoretical science by certain sciences. [TRUNCATED] / 2999-01-01

However reluctant he may be about providing details, Karl Barth dares to affirm the coming resurrection, even in the strong corporeal sense of the Apostles Creed, “I believe in . . . the resurrection of the flesh.” At the heart of Barth’s creative approach is an equation between revelation and resurrection. Indeed, everything said about the human addressed now in revelation is to be said about the human at the coming resurrection, including the remarkable fact that resurrection raises the “flesh” (inasmuch as God has revealed Himself to those “in the flesh”). Barth’s early training inculcated in him dialectical themes that would emerge throughout his career. His early work is dominated by a sense of encounter with the present but transcendent God, an encounter described in terms of the raising of the dead. Human existence is sublated – “dissolved and established” – unto a higher order in God. Yet even after Barth abandons the resurrection of the dead as his preferred theological axiom, he portrays eschatology proper in terms of the human sublated in the divine presence. Therefore, in Church Dogmatics he expresses the doctrine of the resurrection of the flesh in three primary ways: eternalization, manifestation and incorporation. The human, delimited as he or she is by death, is made durable in God, obtaining the gift of eternalization. The human, ambiguous in the creaturely mode of earthly life, has one’s true identity revealed with Christ at His return, and obtains the gift of manifestation with the divine. The human, isolated as he or she is in one’s autonomy, is incorporated into the body of Christ by His Spirit, obtaining the gift of communion. In each of these expressions of resurrection Barth desires to preserve fleshliness. His account, however, entails a certain loss of temporality, creatureliness and particularity of the human when it comes to the final state. Instead of being resurrected from the dead in the strong corporeal sense, human bodies appear to be memorialized, deified, recapitulated. Though written with the language of the Antiochene and Reformed schools, Barth’s position enjoys the same strengths and suffers the same weaknesses of a more Alexandrian or Lutheran theological trajectory. Like each of the traditional lines of Christian thought about the resurrection of the flesh, Barth gravitates toward an eschatology centered around the human’s vision of God in the heavenly life. To this extent Barth’s creative treatment of the resurrection of the dead can be understood as broadly Christian, even if he risks undermining the very flesh he hopes to save.

A comparison of social elitist concepts in the works of Karl Marx, Vilfredo Pareto, and Karl Mannheim reveals similar patterns in the uses of these concepts. By listing seven criteria that were developed and by the use of a topical analysis method, similarities are presented and explained. Additional comparisons according to schools of thought and specific national setting are also presented. Structural similarities were identified among the theories; however, content patterns are not evident because of the lack of an accepted definition of the elite. The analysis and the comparison of the concepts of the elite in the works of these major thinkers facilitate and deepen the understanding of this concept in sociological work.

This diploma thesis deals with the adventure novel Winnetou I by Karl May and with its practical use in foreign language lessons. The first part is focused on the didactics of literature and on the issue how literature can contribute to the development od pupils' competences and which methods could be used in this process. It also introduces the personality of Karl May in relation to his adventure novel Winnetou I. The second part presents an alternative teaching and learning material that was elaborated on the basis of the adventure novel Winnetou I.

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