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The Ku Klux Klan was a major force in American political and social life throughout the better part of the nineteen-twenties. This study examines the Klan, its growth, role, and demise with respect to the Commonwealth of Kentucky. It is largely the story of the Klans failure to develop successfully as it was inhibited by local political factors throughout the Commonwealth.

Thesis (M.A.)--Northern Kentucky University, 2009. / Made available through ProQuest. Publication number: AAT 1465745. ProQuest document ID: 1827257551. Includes bibliographical references (p. 35-39)

Thesis (M.A.)--Northern Kentucky University, 2006. / Made available through ProQuest. Publication number: AAT 1435897. ProQuest document ID: 1163267151. Includes bibliographical references (p. 54-55)

Thesis (M.A.)--Northern Kentucky University, 2006. / Made available through ProQuest. Publication number: AAT 1438487. ProQuest document ID: 1192181861. Includes bibliographical references (p. 71-76)

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Recent concerns over declining landfill space and a renewed interest in waste-to-energy technologies have increased the possibilities of co-firing different types of fuels in fluidized bed combustion systems. Fluidized bed combustion systems are idea for co-firing because of their ease in heat conversion and ability to burn a wide range of fuels. Additionally, thermal analytical techniques can be used to screen fuel blends for the fluidized bed combustion systems at a lower cost than directly firing the fuel blends in pilot systems. Three coals, three different municipal solid wastes (MSW), one limestone were combined into nine series of binary fuel mixtures to determine the possible Observed/Theoretical ratios caused by the MSW and /or the limestone to the coal’s combustion profile. After doing so, optimum percentage combinations were determined that should combust efficiently in fluidized bed systems. Consequently, after the combinations were optimized, evolved gas analysis showed a possible 50% reduction in SO2 emission through absorption by limestone.

Plasticity, which typically develops at 380-420°C, is a unique property of mid-ranked coals. The phenomenon of plasticity in coals has been known for a long time but is still poorly understood. Even among coals of identical subrank and chemical composition, large differences in plastic behavior are commonly encountered. Plastic coals go through a softening and swelling state upon heating before they resolidify. Concurrent with the plastic state of the coal, thermal decomposition of the coal takes place. The coking ability of a coal can be directly related to the plasticity of the coal. In liquefaction reactions, plastic coals tend to give higher yields than nonplastic coals, a fact very useful in the synfuel industry. Plastic coals, however, tend to agglomerate in fluidized bed reactors thereby impairing their function. Currently, the ASTM approved method used to determine plasticity is by means of a Gieseler plastometer. Gieselers are inconsistent; therefore, an easier and more efficient method is needed. A current and widely accepted idea is that the extractable portion of the mid-ranked coal is responsible for initiating the plasticity mechanism. It has been shown that plasticity can be correlated to the total aliphatic C-H content of a bituminous coal. This extractable portion is the bitumen in the coal. It is logical, then, to assume that the bitumen in the coal could be analyzed for the aliphatic content and be used as a predictor of plasticity. Tetrahydrofuran (THF) was used as the solvent for the Soxhlet extraction of 40 highly characterized bituminous coals. The extracts were purified and analyzed by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy.