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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
31

Estudo da cinetica de sistemas multicompartimentalizados com tracadores radioativos

GOUVEA, ANTONIO S. de 09 October 2014 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:24:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T14:04:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 00613.pdf: 1081974 bytes, checksum: e5db2bcc8582f1c49a35565db5d7f94f (MD5) / Dissertacao (Mestrado) / IEA/D / Escola Politecnica, Universidade de Sao Paulo - POLI/USP
32

Etude de faisabilité d'un dispositif photovoltaïque à porteurs chauds / Feasibility study of a hot carrier photovoltaic device

Le bris, Arthur 09 September 2011 (has links)
La cellule photovoltaïque à porteurs chauds se caractérise par une population électronique hors équilibre thermique avec le réseau, ce qui se traduit par une température électronique supérieure à la température du matériau. Il devient alors possible de récupérer non seulement l'énergie potentielle des porteurs, mais également leur énergie cinétique, et donc d'extraire un surcroît de puissance qui n'est pas exploitée dans des cellules conventionnelles. Cela permet d'atteindre des rendements potentiels proches de la limite thermodynamique. L'extraction des porteurs hors équilibre se fait au moyen de membranes sélectives en énergie afin de limiter les pertes thermiques. Dans cette thèse, l'influence de la sélectivité des contacts sur les performances de la cellule est analysée par des simulations de rendement. Il apparaît que ce paramètre est moins critique qu'annoncé dans la littérature, et que des rendements élevés sont possibles avec des contacts semi-sélectifs, permettant l'extraction de porteurs au dessus d'un seuil d'énergie. De tels contacts sont non seulement beaucoup plus facilement réalisables en pratique que des contacts sélectifs, mais sont également plus compatibles avec les densités de courant élevées qui sont attendues dans de tels dispositifs. Une méthodologie expérimentale est également proposée pour analyser la vitesse de thermalisation des porteurs hors équilibre. Des porteurs sont photogénérés par un laser continu et leur température en régime stationnaire est sondée par photoluminescence en fonction de la densité de puissance excitatrice. Un modèle empirique est obtenu reliant la puissance dissipée par thermalisation à la température électronique. Ce modèle est ensuite utilisé pour simuler le rendement de cellules présentant une thermalisation partielle des porteurs. Enfin, un rendement de cellule réaliste présentant une absorption non idéale, une vitesse de thermalisation mesurée sur des matériaux réels et des contacts semi-sélectifs est calculé. Il ressort qu'une augmentation substantielle de rendement est possible en comparaison d'une simple jonction ayant le même seuil d'absorption, mais que la vitesse de thermalisation observée est néanmoins trop élevée pour permettre de dépasser les records de rendement actuels. Des idées sont proposées afin d'améliorer les performances des structures étudiées. / A hot carrier solar cell is characterized by a carrier population in thermal non equilibrium with the lattice, that translates into carriers having a temperature higher than the material temperature. It then becomes possible to collect not only the carrier potential energy but also their kinetic energy, and thus to extract an additional power that is not used in conventional solar cells. This enables to reach a potential efficiency close to the thermodynamical limit. The extraction of carriers is made through energy selective membranes in order to reduce the heat loss. In this thesis, the impact of contact selectivity on the cell behaviour is investigated by simulating its efficiency. It appears that this parameter is not as crucial as what was said in the literature, and that a high efficiency is indeed possible with semi-selective contacts allowing carrier extraction above an energy threshold. Such contacts would not only be much easier to fabricate in practice, but are also more compatible with the high current densities that are expected in such devices. An experimental method is also proposed to determine the non equilibrium carrier cooling rate. Carriers are photogenerated by a continuous wave laser and their temperature in steady state conditions is probed by photoluminescence as a function of the excitation power density. An empirical model is obtained that relates the power dissipation due to carrier thermalization to the electron temperature. Such model can then be used in a hot carrier solar cell model to take heat losses into account. Finally, the efficiency of a realistic cell having non ideal absorption, a cooling rate measured on real materials and semi-selective contacts is simulated. It turns out that a substantial efficiency enhancement is possible compared to single junction cells with the same band gap, but that the cooling rate measured on samples is nevertheless too high to exceed today's efficiency records. Ideas are proposed to improve the performance of the structure under investigation.
33

Estudo da cinetica de sistemas multicompartimentalizados com tracadores radioativos

GOUVEA, ANTONIO S. de 09 October 2014 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:24:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T14:04:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 00613.pdf: 1081974 bytes, checksum: e5db2bcc8582f1c49a35565db5d7f94f (MD5) / Dissertacao (Mestrado) / IEA/D / Escola Politecnica, Universidade de Sao Paulo - POLI/USP
34

Laminar kinetic energy modelling for improved laminar-turbulent transition prediction

Turner, Clare Ruth January 2012 (has links)
This thesis considers the advantages of incorporating laminar kinetic energy modelling into turbulence modelling, in order to predict laminar-turbulent transition. The final aim is to implement an improved transition model into the industrial Finite-Volume code, Code Saturne. The literature review suggests that in order for a RANS-based model to predict transition accurately, modelling of complex, anisotropic phenomena is necessary. The Walters-Cokljat model is shown to compare very well to other transition modelling methods, including correlation-based modelling. The Walters-Cokljat model is a single-point RANS-based model that solves an additional transport equation for laminar kinetic energy. This transition model is especially desirable from an industrial stand-point, due to its single-point RANS basis, with only 3 transport equations. Although this method shows great promise as an industrial tool for transition prediction, results presented here show that there are aspects of the model that require modification. The definition of effective length-scale and the method of accounting for the effects of shear sheltering are the two main areas for consideration. The current definition of effective length-scale is found to be inappropriate for flows with large free-stream length-scales, which are common-place in turbomachinery applications. Another phenomenon commonly found in turbomachinery is separation-induced transition; however, the current function for shear sheltering effects inhibits transition when turbulence intensity is not the forcing factor. Additionally, when reviewed analytically, the definition and placement of the shear sheltering function does not match the observations of Jacobs and Durbin. Alternatives for the definitions of the effective length-scale and the shear sheltering function are proposed. The individual proposals are tested, and steps towards a full working implementation are documented.
35

Design, development and validation of Kinocardiography: a new technique to monitor cardiac contractility

Hossein, Amin 11 May 2021 (has links) (PDF)
Non-invasive remote detection of cardiac and blood displacements is an important topic in cardiac telemedicine. Here we propose kinocardiography (KCG), a non-invasive technique based onmeasurement of body vibrations produced by myocardial contraction and blood flow through thecardiac chambers and major vessels. KCG is based on ballistocardiography and seismocardiographyand measures 12 degrees-of-freedom (DOF) of body motion. The integral of kinetic energy (iK)and maximum Power (Pmax) obtained from the linear and rotational SCG/BCG signals, was computedover the cardiac cycle, and used as a marker of cardiac mechanical function. We showedthat KCG metrics show high repeatability, can be computed on 50 Hz and 1 kHz SCG/BCG signalsindifferently, that most of the metrics were highly similar when computed on different sensors,and with less than 5% of error when computed on record length longer than 60 s. Finally, weshow that KCG metrics allow detecting dobutamine-induced haemodynamic changes with a highaccuracy and present a major improvement over single axis ballistocardiography or seismocardiography.These results suggest that KCG may be a robust and non-invasive method to monitorcardiac inotropic activity. / La détection à distance et non invasive des déplacements cardiaques et sanguins est un sujet important en télémédecine. Nous proposons ici la kinocardiographie (KCG), une technique non invasive basée sur mesure des vibrations corporelles produites par la contraction du myocarde et par le flux sanguin au travers des cavités cardiaques et des principaux vaisseaux sanguins. La KCG est basée sur la balistocardiographie et la seismocardiographie et mesure 12 degrés de liberté (DOF) de mouvement corporel. L'intégrale de l'énergie cinétique (iK) et la puissance maximale (Pmax) obtenue à partir des signaux SCG / BCG linéaire et rotationnel, a été calculée au cours du cycle cardiaque, et sont utilisées comme marqueur de la fonction mécanique cardiaque. Ce travail montre que les métriques KCG sont caractérisées par une répétabilité élevée, peuvent être calculées sur des signaux SCG / BCG à 50 Hz et à 1 kHz indifféremment, que la plupart des métriques étaient très similaires lorsqu'elles étaient calculées sur différents capteurs, et avec moins de 5% d'erreur lors du calcul sur une longueur d'enregistrement supérieure à 60 s. Enfin ce travail montre que les métriques KCG permettent de détecter les changements hémodynamiques induits par la dobutamine avec précision et présentent une amélioration majeure par rapport à la balistocardiographie à un seul axe ou à la seismocardiographie. Ces résultats suggèrent que la KCG peut être une méthode robuste et non invasive pour surveiller l'activité inotrope du coeur. / Doctorat en Sciences de l'ingénieur et technologie / La défense publique a eu lieu le 05/05/2021. Cet upload remplace l'upload pécédent et contient les derniers commentaires du jury après la défense publique. / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
36

Proudění směsi ve spalovacím prostoru / Mixture-Flow in Combustion Chamber

Hrbáček, Jan January 2018 (has links)
The Master's thesis deals with the flow of fuel mixture in the combustion chamber and the influence of its geometry on squish generation caused by the compression lift. The thesis introduces design proposals of the geometry of the combustion chamber focusing on the shape of the squish area and their comparison based on the amount of kinetic energy and the velocity profile obtained using 2-D Squish programme calculations.
37

Theoretical Studies of Atomic and Molecular Systems by Electronic Stress Tensor Theory / 電子ストレステンソル理論に基づく原子分子系の理論的研究

Nozaki, Hiroo 23 March 2016 (has links)
京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(工学) / 甲第19702号 / 工博第4157号 / 新制||工||1641(附属図書館) / 32738 / 京都大学大学院工学研究科マイクロエンジニアリング専攻 / (主査)教授 立花 明知, 教授 木村 健二, 教授 伊藤 秋男 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Philosophy (Engineering) / Kyoto University / DFAM
38

On the Entropy Rise in General Unducted Rotors using Momentum, Vorticity and Energy Transport

Siddappaji, Kiran 29 October 2018 (has links)
No description available.
39

Energetic Contributions to Performance and Upper Extremity Joint Kinetics in Baseball Pitching

McNally, Michael P. January 2018 (has links)
No description available.
40

Hardware optimizations and solutions for wireless low power kinetic energy applications / Hårdvarulösningar och optimeringar för trådlösa lågenergienheter vid användning av energiskördning

Meier, Anton January 2017 (has links)
The number of IoT (Internet of Things) devices available on the market has been growing rapidly in the past few years and is expected to grow even more in the years to come. These IoT devices are predominantly in the form of very small wireless peripherals with low power consumption making them suitable for running over extended periods of time using only coin cell batteries. In this degree project, conducted at Shortcut Labs AB, we investigate whether or not some of these devises could be suitable for being powered exclusively by kinetic energy without the need for any long term interim power storage, such as batteries or super capacitors. If this is possible it would not only remove the hassle of having to replace batteries at regular intervals, which is important if the devices are positioned at remote locations, but it could also help to reduce the amount of battery waste in the long run. For the sake of this project we have designed a hardware circuit that is able to communicate with other devices using a custom built protocol running on top of the Bluetooth Low Energy standard. This circuit does not require a battery and could potentially be used for many years without the need for any maintenance. To demonstrate this, the technology has successfully been applied to a concept product in the form of a dimmer wheel that can be used to change the brightness or color of Smart Home light bulbs. This is achieved by using a small electric motor as a generator in combination with an energy harvesting circuit in order to generate a stable voltage suitable for use with a wireless module. / Antalet uppkopplade IoT-enheter har ökat drastiskt de senaste åren och väntas fortsätta öka framöver. IoT, eller Sakernas Internet som det kallas på svenska, består övervägande av små trådlösa enheter med så pass låg strömförbrukning att de ofta kan drivas enbart av knappcellsbatterier. I detta examensarbete, utfört på Shortcut Labs AB, undersöker vi huruvida några av dessa enheter med fördel skulle kunna drivas uteslutande av rörelseenergi utan att kräva någon form av långtidsmellanlalgring av denna energi, så som exempelvis i ett batteri eller en kondensator. Om detta var möjligt så skulle det innebära att man slipper byta batterier vid jämna mellanrum, vilket kan vara viktigt om enheten i fråga är otillgänglig placerat. Givetvis kan också onödigt batteriavfall undvikas, något som alltid är eftertraktat i branschen. I detta projekt så har vi designat och konstruerat en elektronikkrets som trådlöst kan kommunicera med andra enheter via ett skräddarsytt protokoll som är implementerat ovanpå Bluetooth Low Energstandarden. Denna krets kräver inget batteri och skulle potentiellt sett kunna operera under många år utan behov av underhåll. För att demonstrera detta så har tekniken applicerats på en konceptprodukt i form av en dimmer som kan användas för att ändra antingen ljusstyrkan eller färgen hos så kallade smarta lampor. Detta uppnås genom att använda en liten DC-motor kombinerad med en energiskördande krets som genererar en lämplig stabil spänning, vilket krävs för att kretsen skall kunna operera.

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